1.19: Interferences

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Use the following Key to answer Questions 1- 8:

1, 2, and 3 are correct
1 and 3 are correct
2 and 4 are correct
only 4 is correct
all are correct

Basic types of analytical interferences include those that arise from:
1. limitation of detectors
2. chemical substances in the sample
3. disease states
4. sample processing
Spectrophatometer errors are the greatest:
1. where the absorbance is the smallest
2. at an absorbance near 0.20
3. where the absorbance is the greatest
4. where absorbance is about 0.5 to 0.2
Spectral interference can be caused by:
1. absorbance by compounds with similar spectral properties
2. turbidity
3. fluorescence
4. sample blanks with spectral properties similar to the
  absorbance cell
Correction of spectral interference includes use of the following:
1. kinetic measurements
2. sample blank
3. bichromatic analysis
4. sampling of reagent
Correction of chemical interferences can be achieved by:
1. dilution of the interferent
2. increasing reaction specificity
3. removing the interferent
4. using bichromatic analysis
In vivo interferences affect interpretation of results. These include:
1. age
2. gender
3. drugs
4. diet
The effect of in vivo interferences can be overcome in the majority of cases by:
1. resting the patient
2. avoidency stasis
3. checking patient’s weight
4. a good clinical history
Interferences common to immunoassays include:
1. incomplete saturation of solid-phase binding sites for antigen or antibody
2. use of radioactive labels
3. rheumatoid factor
4. icterus and hemolysis
HAMAs are:
1. endogenous autoantibodies
2. iatrogenic antibodies
3. endogenous, cross-reacting compounds, e.g., DLIFs
4. heterophilic anti-immunoglobulin antibodies
5. homogenous active mouse anti-reaction antibody

Answer

e (p. 428)
b (p. 428-429)
a (p. 430-431)
a (p. 430-433)
e (p. 434)
e (p. 436)
d (p. 436-437)
b (p. 435-436)
d (p. 436)