1.37: Extravascular Fluids

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Which of the following is not a serous body fluid?
1. pleural
2. pericardial
3. peritoneal
4. ascitic
5. cerebrospinal
Serous fluids are formed by:
1. derivation of body fluids from plasma
2. derivation of body fluids by glomerular filtration
3. derivation of body fluids by ultrafiltration
4. derivation of serum from plasma
5. membranes of the joints
Serous effusions can be designated as transudates or exudates based on the following except:
1. glucose content
2. specific gravity
3. colloid osmotic pressure
4. protein content
5. enzyme content
Septic synovial fluid usually has all but one of the following characteristics:
1. low viscosity
2. leucocytes >10,000
3. culture positive
4. glucose lower than serum
5. red-brown color
Synovial fluid is a body fluid found in which of the following body spaces?
1. lung
2. pericardium
3. small intestines
4. bone joint
5. pleural cavity
Glucose levels are decreased in exudative processes because of:
1. membrane impermeability
2. glucose reaction with membranes
3. bacterial infection
4. glucose autooxidation catalyzed by exudate specific enzymes
5. diurnal variation
Synovial fluid does NOT perform which of these functions?
1. acts as a lubricant between bones of a joint
2. acts as the glucose supplier to joint cells
3. inhibits uric acid formation
4. acts as electrolyte balancing media
5. acts to carry nutrients to cartilage
The amount of fluid volume in a normal knee joint is:
1. 0.1 to 3.5 mL
2. 1.0 to 6.0 mL
3. 5.0 to 15 mL
4. 10 to 25 mL
5. more than 15 mL
Which of the following is true of exudates?
1. specific gravity less than 1.015
2. specific gravity less than 1.005
3. total protein less than 30 g/L
4. exudate protein/serum protein ratio greater than 0.5
5. exudate glucose/serum glucose ratio greater than 0.5

Answer

e (p. 780, 781)
a (p. 780-781)
c (p. 782)
e (p. 785)
d (p. 784)
c (p. 782-783)
c (p. 784)
a (p. 784)
d (p. 782)