1.37: Extravascular Fluids
- Page ID
- 38617
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)- Which of the following is not a serous body fluid?
- pleural
- pericardial
- peritoneal
- ascitic
- cerebrospinal
- Serous fluids are formed by:
- derivation of body fluids from plasma
- derivation of body fluids by glomerular filtration
- derivation of body fluids by ultrafiltration
- derivation of serum from plasma
- membranes of the joints
- Serous effusions can be designated as transudates or exudates based on the following except:
- glucose content
- specific gravity
- colloid osmotic pressure
- protein content
- enzyme content
- Septic synovial fluid usually has all but one of the following characteristics:
- low viscosity
- leucocytes >10,000
- culture positive
- glucose lower than serum
- red-brown color
- Synovial fluid is a body fluid found in which of the following body spaces?
- lung
- pericardium
- small intestines
- bone joint
- pleural cavity
- Glucose levels are decreased in exudative processes because of:
- membrane impermeability
- glucose reaction with membranes
- bacterial infection
- glucose autooxidation catalyzed by exudate specific enzymes
- diurnal variation
- Synovial fluid does NOT perform which of these functions?
- acts as a lubricant between bones of a joint
- acts as the glucose supplier to joint cells
- inhibits uric acid formation
- acts as electrolyte balancing media
- acts to carry nutrients to cartilage
- The amount of fluid volume in a normal knee joint is:
- 0.1 to 3.5 mL
- 1.0 to 6.0 mL
- 5.0 to 15 mL
- 10 to 25 mL
- more than 15 mL
- Which of the following is true of exudates?
- specific gravity less than 1.015
- specific gravity less than 1.005
- total protein less than 30 g/L
- exudate protein/serum protein ratio greater than 0.5
- exudate glucose/serum glucose ratio greater than 0.5
- Answer
-
- e (p. 780, 781)
- a (p. 780-781)
- c (p. 782)
- e (p. 785)
- d (p. 784)
- c (p. 782-783)
- c (p. 784)
- a (p. 784)
- d (p. 782)