1.44: Toxicology

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The dose-response relationship for a toxicant is expressed as:
1. the level at which all the treated group will die
2. the level at which several of a treated group will die
3. the level at which 1% of a treated group will die
4. a semilogrithmic relationship between effect and level
5. a linear relationship between effect and level
The following mechanisms in for the questions listed in Column A are associated with toxic agents. Match the mechanism with the agent in Column B.

Column A	Column B
Irreversible enzyme inhibition Reversible enzyme inhibition Hepatic poisoning Blockage of oxygen transport Depression of the central nervous system Damage to DNA and RNA	cyanide acetaminophen Carcinogens or teratogens benzodiazepines salicylates tylenol arsenates opiates organophosphates

Match the drug in Column A (questions) with its antidote in Column B.

Column A	Column B
Acetominophen Opiates Organophosphates	chlorpromazine methionine physostigmine oxygen sodium nitrate naloxone atropine

Use the following Key to answer Questions 4-5:

1, 2, and 3 are correct
1 and 3 are correct
2 and 4 are correct
4 only is correct
all are correct

Which of the following statements about poisons are true?
1. all substances are poisons
2. poisons differ qualitatively from other compounds
3. substances taken in sufficient quantities will be poisons
4. most poisons have antidotes
Which of the following factors can influence toxicity of an agent?
1. chemical properties
2. route of administration
3. duration of exposure
4. age

Answer

d (p. 991)
1. i (p. 999)
2. g (p. 999)
3. b (p. 998, 1007)
4. a (p. 999)
5. h (p. 997-998)
6. c (p. 999)
1. b (p. 1000,1007)
2. f (p. 1000)
3. g (p. 1000)
b (p. 991)
e (p. 991-994)