19.7.0: Review Questions
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Review Questions
1 .
The nurse is caring for a patient experiencing nephrotic syndrome, which allows large amounts of plasma proteins to filter through the glomeruli of the kidneys and be eliminated in urine. What manifestation does the nurse anticipate this patient will exhibit?
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hypervolemia
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third spacing
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hypochloremia
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bounding pulses
2 .
An 82-year-old patient asks the nurse how much water she should drink every day. What additional information does the nurse prioritize obtaining to answer this question?
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“What is your favorite beverage?”
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“Do you have a bathroom scale you can use to weigh yourself?”
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“Do you think you are not drinking enough water?”
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“Have you experienced any cardiac or kidney problems?”
3 .
What would a patient with a serum calcium level of 14.3 mg/dL most likely be experiencing?
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hyperparathyroidism
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adrenal insufficiency
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diabetes insipidus
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SIADH
4 .
A nurse determines a patient’s skin feels dry and there are small bumps present on the skin surface of the arms and legs. What question is best for the nurse to ask to gather more data?
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“Are you drinking an adequate amount of water every day?”
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“Have you always had dry skin?”
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“Tell me about your skin care routine”
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“Do you have a dermatologist?”
5 .
A nurse is reviewing morning laboratory results on a series of patients. What patient should the nurse see first?
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a patient with a BUN level of 16.4 mg/dL and creatinine level of 0.8 mg/dL
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a patient with a blood pressure of 130/82 mm Hg with a history of hypertension
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a patient with a HCT of 27 percent who had surgery yesterday
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a patient complaining of being thirsty after being NPO for several hours awaiting a scheduled procedure
6 .
The nurse is reviewing the charting of an unlicensed assistant (UA) and notices the UA documented 1 cup of ice chips as 120 mL of oral intake. What response by the nurse is appropriate?
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Explain to the UA that a cup of ice is equal to 240 mL.
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Change the intake amount to 480 mL.
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Educate the UA that ice is not considered oral intake, because it is a solid.
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Take no action because the UA documented correctly.
7 .
The nurse empties the urinary catheter of a patient and notes the urine is a dark tea color. What should the nurse do first?
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Encourage the patient to drink more fluids.
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Send a urine sample to the laboratory for a specific gravity analysis.
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Contact the provider for an order to start an IV
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Review the patient I & O balance for the past several days.
8 .
The nurse is caring for a patient who is experiencing third spacing due to hyponatremia. What IVF, if requested, will address third spacing?
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0.45% NaCl
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D 5 W
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Lactated Ringer’s solution
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D 5 0 and 45% NaCl
9 .
The nurse is assisting a patient who is on a fluid restriction to choose the best beverage option. The patient’s goal is to limit sodium and sugar and to increase protein. What should the nurse encourage the patient to choose?
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vegetable juice
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milk
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apple juice
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cola
10 .
The nurse is prescribed to administer 50 mg of spironolactone (e.g., Aldactone). For which serum laboratory value might spironolactone be contraindicated?
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K + = 4.7 mEq/L
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K + = 3.7 mEq/L
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K + = 2.9 mEq/L
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K + = 2.1 mEq/L
11 .
A runner is brought to the rescue tent at a local marathon. The woman states she is feeling extremely thirsty and having some leg cramps. Her blood pressure is 106/76 mm Hg and her resting heart rate is 82 bpm. What type of IVF would be best to administer to this patient?
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hypertonic
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hypotonic
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isotonic
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tonicity
12 .
A nurse is planning the care for a patient with functional incontinence. What intervention is included in the plan of care?
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Encourage adequate oral intake.
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Assess for bladder distention every shift.
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Assist the patient onto the bedpan every 2 to 3 hours.
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Place an adult diaper on the patient.
13 .
The nurse is providing education to a patient planning to do self-care with PD at home. What statement by the patient indicates the patient requires additional information?
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“I will wash my hands before connecting the dialysate bag to my PD catheter.”
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“The effluent volume should be one-half the dialysate volume.”
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“The effluent should be clear and look like urine.”
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“I will cover my PD catheter and insertion site when I’m not using the catheter.”
14 .
The provider orders morning laboratory tests for a patient with an AV fistula, but the phlebotomist is unable to get any blood from the patient’s nonaffected arm. What should happen next?
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The nurse should obtain the specimen from the arm with the AV fistula.
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The nurse should contact the HD nurse to obtain a specimen from the AV fistula.
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The blood should be left uncollected until the patient is in HD.
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The nurse or another phlebotomist should try to obtain the specimen from the unaffected arm.