24.6.0: Review Questions
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Review Questions
1 .
How would you explain the interdependency of the structures of the cardiovascular system with other organ systems?
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The heart and associated vessels work together with other organ systems to maintain homeostasis through oxygenation, nutritional delivery, and waste removal.
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The cardiovascular system filters waste from the blood and routes it to the kidneys.
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The heart processes nutrients from the blood and transports them to the body’s tissues.
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The cardiovascular system coordinates with all other body systems to maintain a steady supply of red blood cells and transport them.
2 .
Why are the muscles of the left ventricle slightly larger than the right?
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The valves of the left ventricle are larger to allow more blood to flow out of the heart.
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The left ventricle has to generate more pressure to overcome greater resistance in the systemic circuit.
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The bundle branches are larger in the left ventricle compared to the right.
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The left ventricle must accommodate the Purkinje fibers, which trigger ventricular contraction for both sides of the heart.
3 .
How does the cardiovascular system work to ensure active tissues are fully supplied with oxygen and nutrients?
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Intralumenal valves prevent regurgitation.
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Skeletal muscles ensure a unidirectional flow of blood.
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Vessels are supported by interdependency with the muscular system.
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Resource allocation allows the system to supply blood to the areas most in need.
4 .
What is the correct sequence of the cardiac cycle?
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aorta, left atrium, left ventricle, right atrium, right ventricle, superior/inferior vena cavae
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superior/inferior vena cavae, left atrium, left ventricle, right atrium, right ventricle, aorta
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superior/inferior vena cavae, right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta
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aorta, right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle, superior/inferior vena cavae
5 .
What vessel transports oxygen away from the heart to the body?
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aorta
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inferior vena cava
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superior vena cava
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veins
6 .
What is the primary function of the peripheral vascular system?
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the production of red blood cells
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clearing of waste from the body
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transport of macromolecules to the cells
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transport of oxygen-rich blood to tissues
7 .
A patient hospitalized following a heart attack is noted to have smooth, shiny, hairless skin on the lower extremities with no edema. What is most likely the contributing factor?
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arterial insufficiency
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carotid insufficiency
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venous insufficiency
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deep vein thrombosis
8 .
What characteristic is indicative of claudication associated with arterial insufficiency?
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pain after walking distances that is relieved with rest
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dull, numbing, or tingling pain in the legs during exercise
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pain in the upper thighs and buttocks when at rest
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severe pain completely prohibiting walking in individuals younger than age 50
9 .
When assessing a patient for critical limb ischemia, what artery will the nurse focus on when the patient reports lower calf pain?
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common femoral
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popliteal
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superficial femoral
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tibial peroneal
10 .
What model is used when assessing a patient complaining of pain related to a myocardial infarction?
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ABCDE
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MEND
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PQRSTU
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RACE
11 .
What question should the nurse ask the patient when paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea is suspected?
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Do you need extra pillows to help you breathe better, or do you need to lie flat in bed to sleep?
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What activities elicit shortness of breath?
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How long does it take you to recover when you experience shortness of breath?
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Have you ever woken up from sleeping feeling suddenly short of breath?
12 .
What interpretation can be established when a patient’s oxygen saturation level is read at 92 percent?
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This level is considered within normal limits.
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The patient’s blood is extremely low in oxygen.
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The oxygen level is low, which warrants further evaluation.
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Carbon dioxide levels, when measured, will be elevated.
13 .
When inspecting the patient’s neck, the nurse notices bulging on the right side. What condition can the nurse recognize in this patient?
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blanching
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edema
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DVT
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JVD
14 .
What will the nurse document when hearing a swishing sound during auscultation of the carotid artery?
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bruit
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friction rub
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rubor
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atrial gallop