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acetylcholine
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a neurotransmitter that contracts smooth muscles, dilates blood vessels, increases bodily secretions, and reduces heart rate
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adrenal insufficiency
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caused when the adrenal glands do not manufacture sufficient quantities of cortisol
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adrenergic
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refers to the activation or stimulation of the adrenergic receptors in the sympathetic nervous system
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alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonists
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a class of drugs that stimulate all adrenergic receptors
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anticholinergic drugs
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drugs that inhibit the action of acetylcholine
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asthma
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a respiratory disease that affects the lungs and causes repeated episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, and coughing
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beta adrenergic
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activation or stimulation of beta-adrenergic receptors, which are found in various tissues throughout the body
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candidiasis
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fungal infection caused by a yeast called
Candida
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chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
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group of diseases that cause airflow blockage and breathing problems; includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis
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corticosteroids
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anti-inflammatory medications used for a wide range of conditions
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epinephrine
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a neurotransmitter and hormone, also known as adrenaline; also used as a medication
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histamine
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a chemical in the body that causes many symptoms of allergies such as runny nose or sneezing
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leukotriene modifiers
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medications that inhibit leukotriene-related enzymes and oppose inflammatory mediators
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leukotrienes
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a group of inflammatory mediators that are primarily responsible for bronchoconstriction
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mast cell stabilizers
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prevent mast cell degranulation and mediator release
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mast cells
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cells that play a role in the immune system and help control immune responses; contain chemicals such as histamine
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norepinephrine
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neurotransmitter and hormone as well as a medication that is used to increase and maintain blood pressure
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pulmonary fibrosis
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a lung disease that occurs when lung tissue becomes damaged and scarred, making it difficult for lungs to work properly
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sympathomimetic
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producing physiological effects characteristic of the sympathetic nervous system by promoting the stimulation of sympathetic nerves
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xanthines
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class of compounds derived from purine that have stimulant properties and can relax airway smooth muscle