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Addison’s disease
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inadequate secretion of hormones by the adrenal glands causing low blood pressure, weakness, and skin discoloration
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cortisol
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a steroid hormone that helps regulate the body’s response to stress
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Cushing’s disease/syndrome
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weight gain, bruising, and weakness caused by excessive cortisol in the body
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endocrine system
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a network of glands that regulate and control all body processes through hormones
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glycemic control
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maintaining optimal blood glucose levels
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goiter
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enlarged, abnormal growth of the thyroid gland
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Graves’ disease
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hyperthyroidism causing eye protrusion, heat intolerance, and anxiety
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homeostasis
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state of balance in the body
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hormones
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body substances that coordinate biological functions like metabolism, sexual reproduction, blood pressure, body temperature, heart rate, growth and development, and sleeping
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hypothalamus
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a critical gland found in the brain that works with the nervous system to control the endocrine system
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iodized salt
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table salt fortified with iodine
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pituitary gland
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gland in the brain that regulates growth and development as well as the function of other glands
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primary endocrine disorders
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caused by dysfunction in the affected peripheral endocrine gland
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renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)
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system of hormones that regulates blood pressure and fluid balance
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secondary endocrine disorders
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develop when the pituitary gland is either overstimulated or understimulated by the hypothalamus causing an alteration in the peripheral gland’s function
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T3
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triiodothyronine hormones released by the thyroid gland to help regulate weight, energy levels, and metabolism
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T4
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tetraiodothyronine (thyroxine) long-acting hormone released by the thyroid gland that can be converted to T3
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type 1 diabetes
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develops when insulin producing cells (beta cells) are destroyed in the pancreas resulting in low to non-existent levels of insulin
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type 2 diabetes
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results from insulin resistance that develops gradually from obesity and aging