9.1: Ergonomics, Engineering, and Prosthetics
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This page is a draft and is under active development.
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- Outline the educational pathways, skillsets, and certifications required for careers in ergonomics, biomedical engineering, and prosthetics.
While many people enter the field of kinesiology with a more traditional career track in mind, there are numerous interdisciplinary connections that merge kinesiology with other academic and professional areas. These “unexpected partnerships” provide opportunities for kinesiology graduates to work at the cutting edge of innovation, solving practical problems and improving quality of life.
In this chapter, we will explore fields that exemplify these interdisciplinary opportunities: ergonomics, biomedical engineering, and prosthetics. Each of these fields demonstrates how the principles of kinesiology intersect with technology, design, and healthcare to create impactful careers.
Ergonomics
The field of ergonomics is where kinesiology meets workplace design. Ergonomists, or human factors engineers, analyze how people interact with their environments and create solutions to optimize comfort, productivity, and safety. This field focuses on improving the fit between people and the tools or systems they use, aiming to reduce physical strain, prevent injuries, and enhance overall efficiency.
Ergonomics has applications in many settings. In offices, ergonomists design workstations to minimize repetitive strain injuries, such as creating adjustable-height desks and chairs that encourage proper posture. In industrial environments, they may redesign assembly lines to reduce physical exertion for workers, improving both safety and efficiency. Beyond workplaces, ergonomics influences consumer product design, such as crafting lightweight yet sturdy backpacks or designing gaming controllers that reduce hand fatigue during extended use.
Ergonomics professionals often have backgrounds in kinesiology, human factors, or industrial engineering. Many also pursue certification, such as becoming a Certified Professional Ergonomist (CPE), to further validate their expertise. With businesses increasingly investing in ergonomic improvements to boost employee well-being and productivity, the demand for these specialists continues to grow. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics projects a steady increase in demand for occupational health and safety specialists, including ergonomists, by 4% from 2019 to 2029. Salaries in this field range between $60,000 and $100,000 annually, depending on experience and location.
A Certified Professional Ergonomist might help redesign the control rooms of a major corporations. By improving the layout of screens, chairs, and consoles, reducing employee fatigue. This work not only has the potential to enhance employee comfort but also reduce errors that could save a company millions of dollars annually.
Biomedical Engineering
Biomedical engineering represents the exciting intersection of kinesiology, technology, and healthcare. In this field, professionals design and improve devices that enhance or restore human movement. Whether it’s a prosthetic limb, an orthotic brace, or a robotic exoskeleton, these tools transform lives by addressing mobility challenges and improving independence for people with disabilities.
The work of biomedical engineers often begins with an in-depth understanding of human biomechanics, combined with technical expertise in materials science and engineering. For example, they might design joint replacements that mimic natural motion or develop smart devices, such as insoles that monitor walking patterns and alert patients to potential issues. The integration of cutting-edge technology, like artificial intelligence and 3D printing, allows biomedical engineers to create highly personalized solutions. As this field continues to grow, driven by advancements in healthcare technology and an aging population, biomedical engineers find themselves at the forefront of medical innovation. Career paths include working in research and development, clinical settings, or even entrepreneurship by starting companies that design assistive devices. Biomedical engineers might specialize in robotic exoskeletons like those discussed earlier in the text, to help stroke survivors regain their ability to walk. Engineers create the exoskeletons to use sensors to detect the user’s intentions and adjust movements in real-time, significantly speeding up the rehabilitation process.
The field of biomedical engineering requires a strong foundation in science, mathematics, and engineering principles, coupled with an understanding of human movement. A bachelor's degree in biomedical engineering or a related discipline is the minimum requirement, though advanced degrees are often necessary for leadership roles or research-intensive positions. With the aging population and growing prevalence of chronic conditions, the demand for biomedical engineers is projected to grow by 5% from 2019 to 2029. Salaries in this profession are competitive, reflecting the advanced technical expertise required. As of 2023, the median annual salary for biomedical engineers is $100,730, with opportunities for growth in specialized areas such as assistive technologies, regenerative medicine, and wearable health devices.
Prosthetics
Prosthetics is a unique field that combines the science of kinesiology with cutting-edge technology to design and fit artificial limbs for individuals with limb loss. Prosthetists play a vital role in helping patients regain mobility and improve their quality of life, crafting devices that replicate the natural movement of arms, legs, hands, and feet.
Hugh Herr, a biophysicist and engineer, lost both of his legs below the knee following a climbing accident at age 17. Rather than allowing this to limit him, Herr became a leading innovator in the field of prosthetics. He now leads the Biomechatronics research group at the MIT Media Lab, where he develops some of the world’s most advanced prosthetic limbs. His designs integrate cutting-edge materials and robotics, enabling amputees to regain exceptional levels of mobility. Herr’s work emphasizes the power of combining personal experience with scientific innovation to improve the lives of others. Watch his TED talk to learn more: The new bionics that let us run, climb and dance
Modern prosthetics have come a long way from their basic beginnings. Today’s devices often incorporate lightweight carbon fiber materials for durability and microprocessor-controlled joints for precision. Prosthetists use their knowledge of human biomechanics to customize each prosthesis, ensuring it fits the user’s anatomy and meets their functional needs. For example, a prosthesis for an athlete might prioritize flexibility and shock absorption, while one for a desk worker might focus on comfort during long periods of sitting.
Sarah Reinertsen, a triathlete and motivational speaker who became the first female leg amputee to complete the Ironman World Championship in Hawaii. Her achievements highlight how modern prosthetic technology, paired with determination, can empower individuals to accomplish extraordinary feats, even in grueling physical competitions.
To become a prosthetist, individuals typically earn a bachelor’s degree in prosthetics and orthotics, complete a two-year residency program, and achieve certification through organizations like the American Board for Certification in Orthotics, Prosthetics, and Pedorthics (ABC). Advances in technology, such as 3D printing and neural integration (which allows prosthetics to be controlled by brain signals), are opening new frontiers in this field. Prosthetists collaborate closely with patients, tailoring devices to their specific needs and goals, often working as part of a multidisciplinary team that includes physical therapists and physicians. As technology advances and the population ages, the demand for prosthetists is on the rise. Conditions like diabetes and vascular disease, which are leading causes of limb loss, are expected to increase, creating a growing need for skilled prosthetics professionals. The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports a median annual salary of $78,100 for orthotists and prosthetists as of 2023, with opportunities for specialization in pediatrics, sports medicine, or military rehabilitation further enhancing career prospects.