Table of Contents

An overview of nutrition as an evidence-based science and explore the concepts of health, wellness, and disease. We also provide an introduction to the different types of nutrients, health factors, personal health assessment, and the concept of sustainable food systems.

Nutrition spans a broad number of topics of and we can not cover all of the topics. Therefore, we have created a chapter of additional reading that contains topics you may be interested in learning about.

The human body, from the single cell to the full organism, is discussed including digestion and absorption, followed by explorations of the other organ systems and concept of energy, calories, some disorders and diseases related to nutritional health.

We explore the many types of carbohydrates, including their functions. We also take a look at diabetes and at sugar substitutes.

We look at the types, structure, and roles of lipids, and we explain the different types of cholesterol in the blood. We also explore topics of interest such as omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and trans fats.

We cover the structure and roles of protein, and explore the consequences of getting too little or too much protein in your diet. Tips for getting the right amount and quality of protein, as well as a look at special populations, such as the elderly and athletes, are also covered.

Nutrients important as antioxidants are explored, starting with an explanation of what oxidation and antioxidants are, then looking at vitamins E, C, and A, selenium, and phytochemicals.

We delve into nutrients important for bone health. First, we explore the structure and function of bones, and then calcium, vitamin D, phosphorus, magnesium, fluoride, and vitamin K. A look at osteoporosis and at supplements rounds out this chapter.

We look at the nutrients important to fluid and electrolyte balance, including water, sodium, chloride, and potassium. We also look at sports drinks, caffeinated beverages, and alcohol.

We look at the nutrients important in blood health, by discussing the B vitamins, vitamin K, magnesium, iron, zinc, and other micronutrients. We also explore iron-deficient anemia and iron toxicity.

This chapter explores nutrition through the life cycle and specifically pregnancy through the toddler years. Topics include pregnancy, breastfeeding, introducing solid foods, and nutrition during the toddler years.

In this Chapter. we continue to explore nutrition through the life cycle, this time looking at adulthood to the elderly years.

Alcohol or ethanol has been consumed by man for many thousands of years. This chapter will explore the benefits and consequences of drinking alcohol to better inform you about alcohol and make a decision on drinking these beverages.

Being physically active is essential for good health. Exercise is one type of physical activity and eating right is important to optimize performance. In this chapter, you learn basic nutrition needs of athletes.

We take a look at the obesity epidemic and eating disorders—the extremes of energy imbalance—and we look at evidence-based recommendations for maintaining a healthy weight.