5.4.5: Conditions of the Rectum and Anus
- Page ID
- 89398
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Hemorrhoids are swollen and inflamed veins in the rectum and anus. They can be uncomfortable and painful; however, they are usually not a severe or life-threatening condition. Causes of hemorrhoids include straining during bowel movements due to constipation or diarrhea, pregnancy and childbirth, obesity, and prolonged sitting or standing. Symptoms of hemorrhoids include rectal bleeding, pain, discomfort, itching, and inflammation. Hemorrhoids can be treated with over-the-counter creams, ointments, or suppositories containing witch hazel or hydrocortisone to relieve itching, pain, and inflammation. A healthcare provider may prescribe stronger medications or topical treatments for severe pain or persistent symptoms (Krueger et al., 2012).