This section provides a comprehensive overview of the cardiovascular system, focusing on the anatomy and physiology of the heart, its chambers, valves, arteries, veins, and cardiac muscle. It explains...This section provides a comprehensive overview of the cardiovascular system, focusing on the anatomy and physiology of the heart, its chambers, valves, arteries, veins, and cardiac muscle. It explains how these structures function together to maintain cardiovascular health. Key concepts like cardiac output, stroke volume, preload, and afterload are defined, with emphasis on their roles in the heart's mechanical and physiological processes.