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- https://med.libretexts.org/Courses/Skyline_College/Human_Physiology_for_Allied_Health_Professionals/01%3A_An_Introduction_to_the_Human_Body/1.04%3A_Functions_of_Human_LifeThe intestinal tract, for example, is home to even more bacteria cells than the total of all human cells in the body, yet these bacteria are outside the body and cannot be allowed to circulate freely ...The intestinal tract, for example, is home to even more bacteria cells than the total of all human cells in the body, yet these bacteria are outside the body and cannot be allowed to circulate freely inside the body. Consciously, of course, you contract your skeletal muscles to move the bones of your skeleton to get from one place to another (as the runners are doing in Figure \PageIndex2), and to carry out all of the activities of your daily life.
- https://med.libretexts.org/Courses/Skyline_College/Human_Physiology_for_Allied_Health_Professionals/16%3A_Metabolism_and_Nutrition/16.02%3A_Overview_of_Metabolic_ReactionsMetabolic processes are constantly taking place in the body. Metabolism is the sum of all of the chemical reactions that are involved in catabolism and anabolism. The reactions governing the breakdown...Metabolic processes are constantly taking place in the body. Metabolism is the sum of all of the chemical reactions that are involved in catabolism and anabolism. The reactions governing the breakdown of food to obtain energy are called catabolic reactions. Conversely, anabolic reactions use the energy produced by catabolic reactions to synthesize larger molecules from smaller ones, such as when the body forms proteins by stringing together amino acids. Both sets of reactions are critical.
- https://med.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Nursing/Medical-Surgical_Nursing_(OpenStax)/10%3A_Fluid_Electrolyte_and_Acid-Base_Imbalances/10.00%3A_IntroductionThe page emphasizes the importance of maintaining balanced fluids, electrolytes, acids, and bases in the body to support physiological processes and overall metabolism. Imbalances in these components,...The page emphasizes the importance of maintaining balanced fluids, electrolytes, acids, and bases in the body to support physiological processes and overall metabolism. Imbalances in these components, commonly seen in various medical conditions, can disrupt multiple body systems and lead to serious consequences, including death, if untreated. Thus, it is crucial for all nurses to understand the treatment and management of fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base imbalances in their practice.
- https://med.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Anatomy_and_Physiology/Anatomy_and_Physiology_2e_(OpenStax)/01%3A_Levels_of_Organization/01%3A_An_Introduction_to_the_Human_Body/1.04%3A_Functions_of_Human_LifeThe intestinal tract, for example, is home to more bacterial cells than the total of all human cells in the body, yet these bacteria are outside the body and cannot be allowed to circulate freely insi...The intestinal tract, for example, is home to more bacterial cells than the total of all human cells in the body, yet these bacteria are outside the body and cannot be allowed to circulate freely inside the body. Consciously, of course, you contract your skeletal muscles to move the bones of your skeleton to get from one place to another (as the runners are doing in Figure 1.7), and to carry out all of the activities of your daily life.
- https://med.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Nutrition/Principles_of_Nutritional_Assessment_3e_(Gibson_et_al.)/20%3A_Niacin_(Chapter_20c)/20.01%3A_Niacin_-_Introduction_(20c.1)This page discusses the importance of niacin (vitamin B3) in converting tryptophan into NAD, vital for metabolic processes, gene expression, and DNA repair. Niacin prevents deficiency symptoms like pe...This page discusses the importance of niacin (vitamin B3) in converting tryptophan into NAD, vital for metabolic processes, gene expression, and DNA repair. Niacin prevents deficiency symptoms like pellagra, which is common in areas with low niacin bioavailability. It has potential therapeutic uses in cholesterol regulation and neuroprotection. Dietary sources include meat and fortified cereals, with recommended intakes set at 12-16mg/day for men and 11-14mg/day for women.
- https://med.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Nutrition/Principles_of_Nutritional_Assessment_3e_(Gibson_et_al.)/18%3A_Thiamine_(Chapter_20a)/18.01%3A_Thiamine_(20a.1)This page discusses thiamine (vitamin B1), its role in metabolism and cognitive health, and the impacts of its deficiency, including serious conditions like Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. It highlights ...This page discusses thiamine (vitamin B1), its role in metabolism and cognitive health, and the impacts of its deficiency, including serious conditions like Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. It highlights vulnerable groups, such as chronic alcoholics, and emphasizes the importance of thiamine-rich foods versus the lower levels found in processed grains. Historical and ongoing fortification efforts in several countries are noted, along with the effects of cooking on thiamine levels.
- https://med.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Nutrition/Principles_of_Nutritional_Assessment_3e_(Gibson_et_al.)/29%3A_Selenium_(Chapter_25b)/29.07%3A_New_PageThis page explains selenium metabolism, highlighting dietary sources like selenomethionine and selenocysteine. It details how selenocysteine is converted to selenide for incorporation into selenoprote...This page explains selenium metabolism, highlighting dietary sources like selenomethionine and selenocysteine. It details how selenocysteine is converted to selenide for incorporation into selenoproteins, while selenomethionine can replace methionine in proteins. The main excretion route is through urinary metabolites, influenced by selenium intake, with limited enterohepatic circulation resulting in fecal excretion mainly of unabsorbed selenium.
- https://med.libretexts.org/Courses/Southern_Illinois_University_Edwardsville/Essentials_of_Physiology_for_Nurse_Anesthetists_I_(Gopalan)/01%3A_Cell_Physiology/1.06%3A_Cellular_MetabolismThis page explains that the human body is about two-thirds water and contains proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, minerals, and vitamins. Metabolism is divided into catabolism, which break...This page explains that the human body is about two-thirds water and contains proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, minerals, and vitamins. Metabolism is divided into catabolism, which breaks down food for energy, and anabolism, which uses that energy to build molecules. These processes are interrelated, with catabolism providing energy for anabolism. The metabolic rate is influenced by age, gender, activity level, genetics, and lifestyle choices.
- https://med.libretexts.org/Courses/Southern_Illinois_University_Edwardsville/Essentials_of_Physiology_for_Nurse_Anesthetists_I_(Gopalan)/01%3A_Cell_Physiology/1.01%3A_ObjectivesThis page outlines key learning objectives related to cell structure and function, emphasizing the cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus. It covers the fluid mosaic model, transport mechanisms, organe...This page outlines key learning objectives related to cell structure and function, emphasizing the cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus. It covers the fluid mosaic model, transport mechanisms, organelle functions, metabolism, and historical milestones in cell discovery. Additionally, it discusses the importance of homeostasis and cell specialization, categorizes organelles, distinguishes protein types, and details metabolic pathways such as glycolysis and respiration.
- https://med.libretexts.org/Courses/Monterey_Peninsula_College/Nursing_Pharmacology_(OpenRN)/01%3A_Kinetics_and_Dynamics/1.06%3A_MetabolismThe breakdown of a drug molecule usually involves two steps that take place primarily in the body’s chemical processing plant: the liver. (See Figure 1.5 [1] for an image of a human liver.) Everything...The breakdown of a drug molecule usually involves two steps that take place primarily in the body’s chemical processing plant: the liver. (See Figure 1.5 [1] for an image of a human liver.) Everything that enters the bloodstream—whether swallowed, injected, inhaled, absorbed through the skin, or produced by the body itself—is carried to this largest internal organ.
- https://med.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Nutrition/Principles_of_Nutritional_Assessment_3e_(Gibson_et_al.)/20%3A_Niacin_(Chapter_20c)/20.02%3A_Indices_of_niacin_status_(20c.2)This page discusses recent advancements in assessing niacin status, particularly through urinary metabolites. It highlights the efficacy of niacin fortification in reducing pellagra prevalence and scr...This page discusses recent advancements in assessing niacin status, particularly through urinary metabolites. It highlights the efficacy of niacin fortification in reducing pellagra prevalence and scrutinizes current biomarker reliance. While the urine analysis of metabolites like N'-methyl-nicotinamide and 2-pyridone is emphasized, the effectiveness of these metrics is questioned in mild deficiency cases and impacted by protein intake.
