4.7: Review Questions

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Dec 29, 2024
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- Population Health for Nurses (OpenStax)

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Exercise $\PageIndex{1}$

A nurse is preparing to teach a client about temperature regulation and homeostasis. Which statement should the nurse include in the teaching plan?

Homeostasis makes your blood pressure rise when you experience stress.

Homeostasis allows you to maintain a stable body temperature despite the outside temperature.

Homeostasis is solely under the control of your brain and nervous system.

Homeostasis converts food into energy.

Answer: Homeostasis allows you to maintain a stable body temperature despite the outside temperature.

Exercise $\PageIndex{2}$

The nurse is caring for a client with a high serum osmolality. Which condition is the client likely to have?

Dehydration

Fluid volume excess

Hypothermia

Hyperkalemia

Answer: Dehydration

Exercise $\PageIndex{3}$

The nurse is caring for a client with excessive fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity. The nurse determines that fluid is accumulating in which fluid compartment?

Intracellular

Extracellular

Interstitial

Transcellular

Answer: Transcellular

Exercise $\PageIndex{4}$

The nurse is caring for a client who has been experiencing diarrhea. Which anion does the nurse anticipate the client is losing through this loss of extracellular fluid?

Calcium

Sodium

Potassium

Chloride

Answer: Chloride

Exercise $\PageIndex{5}$

The nurse is caring for a client with a gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Which fluid compartment does the nurse understand is losing fluid?

Interstitial compartment

Intravascular compartment

Transcellular compartment

Intracellular compartment

Answer: Intravascular compartment

Exercise $\PageIndex{6}$

A nurse is caring for a pregnant client who is in labor. Which of the following statements accurately describes the concept of positive feedback in the context of labor?

Oxytocin is suppressed, stimulating uterine contractions.

Oxytocin is released, stimulating uterine contractions.

Oxytocin is suppressed, increasing contractions.

Oxytocin is released, halting uterine contractions.

Answer: Oxytocin is released, stimulating uterine contractions.

Exercise $\PageIndex{7}$

A nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about the Na⁺K⁺ATPase pump. Which of the following statements accurately describes the role of this pump in maintaining cellular function?

Potassium moves out of the cell and sodium moves into the cell, thereby maintaining a higher concentration of potassium inside the cell.

Sodium moves out of the cell and potassium moves into the cell, thereby maintaining a higher concentration of sodium inside the cell.

Sodium and potassium move out of the cell, thereby maintaining an equal concentration of electrolytes inside and outside the cell.

Sodium and potassium move into the cell, thereby maintaining a higher concentration of electrolytes outside the cell.

Answer: Sodium moves out of the cell and potassium moves into the cell, thereby maintaining a higher concentration of sodium inside the cell.

Exercise $\PageIndex{8}$

Which of the following is an example of a negative feedback loop in the human body?

Release of oxytocin during childbirth

Blood clotting

Lactation

Regulation of blood glucose levels

Answer: Regulation of blood glucose levels

Exercise $\PageIndex{9}$

The nurse is caring for a client with a fluid imbalance. Which statement accurately describes the distribution of intracellular (ICF) and extracellular fluid (ECF) in the body?

The ICF constitutes approximately 40% of total body fluid, and ECF accounts for 20%.

The ICF constitutes approximately 40% of total body fluid, and ECF accounts for 60%.

The ICF constitutes approximately 20% of total body fluid, and ECF accounts for 80%.

The ICF constitutes approximately 80% of total body fluid, and ECF accounts for 20%.

Answer: The ICF constitutes approximately 40% of total body fluid, and ECF accounts for 20%.

Exercise $\PageIndex{10}$

Which of the following best describes the concept of osmotic equilibrium in the body?

The balance of water and electrolytes in the body

The balance of water and solutes across a semipermeable membrane

The balance of ions in the body’s extracellular and intracellular fluid compartments

The balance of acids and bases in the body’s fluid

Answer: The balance of water and solutes across a semipermeable membrane

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