39.4: Chapter Summary
This chapter provided an overview of the structure and functions of the ear, along with an exploration of various medications used to treat ear-related issues. The ear is a complex organ divided into three main parts: the outer ear, middle ear, and inner ear. The outer ear includes the pinna and ear canal, responsible for collecting and transmitting sound waves. The middle ear contains the ossicles (small bones), which amplify sound, and the inner ear houses the cochlea, responsible for converting sound into electrical signals sent to the brain.
Several types of medications related to ear ailments were discussed. Otic anti-inflammatories are used to reduce inflammation and relieve pain in the ear, particularly for conditions like otitis externa. Anti-infectives are essential in treating ear infections by targeting bacteria or fungi causing the issue. Oral antihistamines help alleviate allergy-related ear symptoms, such as itching and congestion. Decongestants are used to reduce swelling and congestion in the Eustachian tube, aiding in the treatment of middle ear problems. Lastly, cerumenolytics are agents designed to soften and loosen earwax (cerumen) buildup, facilitating its safe removal from the ear canal.