36.6: References
American Academy of Nursing. (2023). Edge runners: Transforming America’s health system through nursing solutions . www.aannet.org/initiatives/edge-runners
American Association of Colleges of Nursing. (2021). The essentials: Core competencies for professional nursing education . https://www.aacnnursing.org/Portals/...tials-2021.pdf
Amjad, S., Chojecki, D., Osornio-Vargas, A., & Ospina, M. B. (2021). Wildfire exposure during pregnancy and the risk of adverse birth outcomes: A systematic review. Environment International , 156 , 106644. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2021.106644
Ariosto, D. A., Harper, E. M., Wilson, M. L., Hull, S. C., Nahm, E.-S., & Sylvia, M. L. (2018). Population health: A nursing action plan. JAMIA Open , 1 (1), 7–10. doi.org/10.1093/jamiaopen/ooy003
Armour, M. (2014). Restorative discipline: A whole school approach [Paper presentation]. 10th Annual Texas Behavior Support State Conference, Houston, TX.
Aronowitz, S. V., Kim, B., & Aronowitz, T. (2021). A mixed-studies review of the school-to-prison pipeline and a call to action for school nurses. The Journal of School Nursing , 37 (1), 51–60. doi.org/10.1177/1059840520972003
Berwick, D. M., Nolan, T. W., & Whittington, J. (2008). The Triple Aim: Care, health, and cost. Health Affairs , 27 (3), 759–769. doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.27.3.759
Bodenheimer, T., & Sinsky, C. (2014). From Triple to Quadruple Aim: Care of the patient requires care of the provider. The Annals of Family Medicine , 12 (6), 573–576. https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.1713
Brownson, R. C., Seiler, R., & Eyler, A. A. (2010). Measuring the impact of public health policy. Preventing Chronic Disease , 7 (4), A77.
Burton, W. N., Schultz, A. B., Shepherd, M. E., McCluskey, M., & Hines, D. (2022). Results of a virtual migraine education program in an employed population. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine , 64 (1), 52–57. doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000002334
Bynum, W. F. (1983). Darwin and the doctors: Evolution, diathesis, and germs in 19th-century Britain. Gesnerus , 40 (1–2), 43–53. https://doi.org/10.1163/22977953-0400102006
Cahan, E. M., Mittal, V., Shah, N. R., & Thadaney-Israni, S. (2020). Achieving a quintuple aim for telehealth in pediatrics. Pediatric Clinics of North America , 67 (4), 683–705. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcl.2020.04.015
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (n.d.). Extreme heat can impact our health in many ways . www.cdc.gov/climateandhealth...-final_508.pdf
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019). Health disparities among LGBTQ youth . Adolescent and School Health. www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/dis...gbtq-youth.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023). Health and economic costs of chronic diseases . National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (NCCDPHP). www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/a...osts/index.htm
Choisy, M., McBride, A., Chambers, M., Ho Quang, C., Nguyen Quang, H., Xuan Chau, N. T., Thi, G. N., Bonell, A., Evans, M., Ming, D., Ngo-Duc, T., Quang Thai, P., Dang Giang, D. H., Dan Thanh, H. N., Ngoc Nhung, H., Lowe, R., Maude, R., Elyazar, I., Surendra, H., . . . Yacoub, S. (2022). Climate change and health in Southeast Asia: Defining research priorities and the role of the Wellcome Trust Africa Asia Programmes. Wellcome Open Research , 6 , 278. https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17263.3
Dabla-Norris, E., Nozaki, M., & Daniel, J. (2021, September). Asia’s climate emergency. Finance & Development , 48–52. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/...licy-IMF-dabla
Ebi, K. L., Vanos, J., Baldwin, J. W., Bell, J. E., Hondula, D. M., Errett, N. A., Hayes, K., Reid, C. E., Saha, S., Spector, J., & Berry, P. (2021). Extreme weather and climate change: Population health and health system implications. Annual Review of Public Health , 42 (1), 293–315. doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publ...-012420-105026
Ely, D. M., & Driscoll, A. K. (2022). Infant mortality in the United States, 2020: Data from the period linked birth/infant death file. National Vital Statistics Reports , 71 (5), 1–17. doi.org/10.15620/cdc:120700
Fawcett, J., & Ellenbecker, C. H. (2015). A proposed conceptual model of nursing and population health. Nursing Outlook , 63 (3), 288–298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2015.01.009
Fornili, K. S. (2022). Expanded conceptual framework for ethical action by nurses on the “further upstream and farther downstream” determinants of health equity. Journal of Addictions Nursing , 33 (3), 203–214. doi.org/10.1097/JAN.0000000000000484
Gan, R. W., Liu, J., Ford, B., O’Dell, K., Vaidyanathan, A., Wilson, A., Volckens, J., Pfister, G., Fischer, E. V., Pierce, J. R., & Magzamen, S. (2020). The association between wildfire smoke exposure and asthma-specific medical care utilization in Oregon during the 2013 wildfire season. Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology , 30 (4), 618–628. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41370-020-0210-x
Ghuman, U. (2022). A policy review of the SEED (Stockton Economic Empowerment Demonstration) project: Is the devil in the details? International Journal of Community Well-Being , 5 (4), 819–830. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42413-021-00145-3
Goldstick, J. E., Cunningham, R. M., & Carter, P. M. (2022). Current causes of death in children and adolescents in the United States. New England Journal of Medicine , 386 (20), 1955–1956. doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2201761
Guide to Community Preventive Services. (2016). Cancer screening: Multicomponent intervention—colorectal cancer . The Community Guide. https://www.thecommunityguide.org/fi...al-cancer.html
Hafeez, H., Zeshan, M., Tahir, M. A., Jahan, N., & Naveed, S. (2017). Health care disparities among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender youth: A literature review. Cureus , 9 (4), e1184. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.1184
Hong, H. S., & Lee, S. (2021). Text network analysis of research topics and trends on global health nursing literature from 1974–2017. Journal of Advanced Nursing , 77 (3), 1325–1334. doi.org/10.1111/jan.14685
Hood, J. E., Behrends, C. N., Irwin, A., Schackman, B. R., Chan, D., Hartfield, K., Hess, J., Banta-Green, C., Whiteside, L., Finegood, B., & Duchin, J. (2019). The projected costs and benefits of a supervised injection facility in Seattle, WA, USA. International Journal of Drug Policy , 67 , 9–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2018.12.015
Issaka, R. B., Avila, P., Whitaker, E., Bent, S., & Somsouk, M. (2019). Population health interventions to improve colorectal cancer screening by fecal immunochemical tests: A systematic review. Preventive Medicine , 118 , 113–121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.10.021
Johnson, S. B., Fair, M. A., Howley, L. D., Prunuske, J., Cashman, S. B., Carney, J. K., Jarris, Y. S., Deyton, L. R., Blumenthal, D., Krane, N. K., Fiebach, N. H., Strelnick, A. H., Morton-Eggleston, E., Nickens, C., & Ortega, L. (2020). Teaching public and population health in medical education: An evaluation framework. Academic Medicine , 95 (12), 1853–1863. doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0000000000003737
Kaminski, M. (2021). Understanding and identifying key components of population health . Population Health Learning Network. https://www.hmpgloballearningnetwork...ulation-health
Kaprielian, V. S., Silberberg, M., McDonald, M. A., Koo, D., Hull, S. K., Murphy, G., Tran, A. N., Sheline, B. L., Halstater, B., Martinez-Bianchi, V., Weigle, N. J., de Oliveira, J. S., Sangvai, D., Copeland, J., Tilson, H. H., Scutchfield, F. D., & Michener, J. L. (2013). Teaching population health: A competency map approach to education. Academic Medicine , 88 (5), 626–637. doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0b013e31828acf27
Kawachi, I., Subramanian, S. V., & Almeida-Filho, N. (2002). A glossary for health inequalities. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health , 56 (9), 647–652. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.56.9.647
Kelly, Y. P., Goodwin, D., Wichmann, L., & Mendu, M. L. (2019). Breaking down health care silos. Harvard Business Review . https://hbr.org/2019/07/breaking-dow...lth-care-silos
Kim, L. H., Vail, D., Azad, T. D., Bentley, J. P., Zhang, Y., Ho, A. L., Fatemi, P., Feng, A., Varshneya, K., Desai, M., Veeravagu, A., & Ratliff, J. K. (2019). Expenditures and health care utilization among adults with newly diagnosed low back and lower extremity pain. JAMA Network Open , 2 (5), e193676. doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.3676
Kindig, D. A. (2007). Understanding population health terminology. Milbank Quarterly , 85 (1), 139–161. doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0009.2007.00479.x
Klein, J., Prabhakaran, K., Latifi, R., & Rhee, P. (2022). Firearms: The leading cause of years of potential life lost. Trauma Surgery & Acute Care Open , 7 (1), e000766. https://doi.org/10.1136/tsaco-2021-000766
LaBerge, A. F. (1993). Mission and method: The early nineteenth-century French public health movement. Bulletin of the History of Medicine , 84 (4), 821–822. doi.org/10.1086/356702
Lee, E.-J., Kim, S. J., Bae, J., Lee, E. J., Kwon, O. D., Jeong, H.-Y., Kim, Y., & Jeong, H.-B. (2021). Impact of onset-to-door time on outcomes and factors associated with late hospital arrival in patients with acute ischemic stroke. PLOS ONE , 16 (3), e0247829. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247829
Li, G., Wu, A. D., Marshall, S. K., Watson, R. J., Adjei, J. K., Park, M., & Saewyc, E. M. (2019). Investigating site-level longitudinal effects of population health interventions: Gay-straight alliances and school safety. SSM: Population Health , 7 , 100350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2019.100350
McCartney, G., Popham, F., McMaster, R., & Cumbers, A. (2019). Defining health and health inequalities. Public Health , 172 , 22–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2019.03.023
McGrath, R., Al Snih, S., Markides, K., Hall, O., & Peterson, M. (2019). The burden of health conditions for middle-aged and older adults in the United States: Disability-adjusted life years. BMC Geriatrics , 19 (1), 100. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-019-1110-6
National Center for Health Statistics. (2021a). NHIS adult summary health statistics . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://data.cdc.gov/d/25m4-6qqq
National Center for Health Statistics. (2021b). NHIS child summary health statistics . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://data.cdc.gov/d/wxz7-ekz9
Noguchi, Y. (2022, December 22). American life expectancy is now at its lowest in nearly two decades . NPR. https://www.npr.org/sections/health-...ly-two-decades
Nundy, S., Cooper, L. A., & Mate, K. S. (2022). The quintuple aim for health care improvement: A new imperative to advance health equity. JAMA , 327 (6), 521–522. doi.org/10.1001/jama.2021.25181
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2022). Social determinants of health . Healthy People 2030. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...minants-health
Petersen, E. E., Davis, N. L., Goodman, D., Cox, S., Syverson, C., Seed, K., Shapiro-Mendoza, C., Callaghan, W. M., & Barfield, W. (2019). Racial/ethnic disparities in pregnancy-related deaths: United States, 2007–2016. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report , 68 (35), 762–765. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6835a3
Porter, D. (1991). Drinking water, a science of impurity: Water analysis in nineteenth century Britain. History of Science , 29 (4), 429–432. doi.org/10.1177/007327539102900406
Porter, S., Qureshi, R., Zha, P., Rawlins, L., Seaman, K., Livich Roberts, M., & Holly, C. (2022). Just a diaper rash? A population health/social determinants of health case study. Rutgers School of Nursing. https://www.aacnnursing.org/portals/...Case-Study.pdf
Public Health Foundation. (2019). Competencies for population health professionals . Resources & Tools. https://www.phf.org/resourcestools/P...petencies.aspx
Raghupathi, W., & Raghupathi, V. (2018). An empirical study of chronic diseases in the United States: A visual analytics approach to public health. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health , 15 (3), 431. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15030431
Salmond, S., & Allread, V. (2019). A population health approach to America’s opioid epidemic. Orthopaedic Nursing , 38 (2), 95–108. doi.org/10.1097/NOR.0000000000000521
Schmidt, A., Ilango, S. M., McManus, M. A., Rogers, K. K., & White, P. H. (2020). Outcomes of pediatric to adult health care transition interventions: An updated systematic review. Journal of Pediatric Nursing , 51 , 92–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2020.01.002
Shrank, W. H., Rogstad, T. L., & Parekh, N. (2019). Waste in the U.S. health care system: Estimated costs and potential for savings. JAMA , 322 (15), 1501–1509. doi.org/10.1001/jama.2019.13978
Smith, H., & Chrisafis, A. (2023, July 23). Greece carries out its biggest ever evacuation as wildfires rage on Rhodes. The Guardian . https://www.theguardian.com/world/20...ires-in-rhodes
Steiner, T. J., & Stovner, L. J. (2023). Global epidemiology of migraine and its implications for public health and health policy. Nature Reviews Neurology , 19 (2), 109–117. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41582-022-00763-1
Stephenson, J. (2021). Unequal access to COVID-19 vaccines leaves less-wealthy countries more vulnerable, poses threat to global immunity. JAMA Health Forum , 2 (3), e210505. doi.org/10.1001/jamahealthforum.2021.0505
Storfjell, J. L., Winslow, B. W., & Saunders, J. S. D. (2017). Catalysts for change: Harnessing the power of nurses to build population health in the 21st century [White paper]. Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. https://www.rwjf.org/en/insights/our...on-health.html
Szreter, S. (2003). The population health approach in historical perspective. American Journal of Public Health , 93 (3), 421–431. doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.93.3.421
Teoli, D., & Bhardwaj, A. (2023). Quality of life. In StatPearls [Internet] . StatPearls Publishing. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK536962/
Todić, J., Cubbin, C., Armour, M., Rountree, M., & González, T. (2020). Reframing school-based restorative justice as a structural population health intervention. Health & Place , 62 , 102289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2020.102289
Ukoha, E. P., Snavely, M. E., Hahn, M. U., Steinauer, J. E., & Bryant, A. S. (2022). Toward the elimination of race-based medicine: Replace race with racism as preeclampsia risk factor. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology , 227 (4), 593–596. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2022.05.048
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2022). Health status . Report on the Environment. https://www.epa.gov/report-environment/health-status
Weiss, D. J., Nelson, A., Vargas-Ruiz, C. A., Gligorić, K., Bavadekar, S., Gabrilovich, E., Bertozzi-Villa, A., Rozier, J., Gibson, H. S., Shekel, T., Kamath, C., Lieber, A., Schulman, K., Shao, Y., Qarkaxhija, V., Nandi, A. K., Keddie, S. H., Rumisha, S., Amratia, P., . . . Gething, P. W. (2020). Global maps of travel time to healthcare facilities. Nature Medicine , 26 (12), 1835–1838. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-1059-1
Wen, J., & Burke, M. (2022). Lower test scores from wildfire smoke exposure. Nature Sustainability , 5 (11), 947–955. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-022-00956-y
Wilson, L., Mendes, I. A. C., Klopper, H., Catrambone, C., Al-Maaitah, R., Norton, M. E., & Hill, M. (2016). “Global health” and “global nursing”: Proposed definitions from the Global Advisory Panel on the Future of Nursing. Journal of Advanced Nursing , 72 (7), 1529–1540. doi.org/10.1111/jan.12973
Zhang, M., Wan, P., Ng, K., Singh, K., Cheng, T. H., Velickovic, I., Dalloul, M., & Wlody, D. (2020). Preeclampsia among African American pregnant women: An update on prevalence, complications, etiology, and biomarkers. Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey , 75 (2), 111–120. doi.org/10.1097/OGX.0000000000000747
Alfonso, Y. N., Leider, J. P., Resnick, B., McCullough, J. M., & Bishai, D. (2021). U.S. public health neglected: Flat or declining spending left states ill equipped to respond to COVID-19. Health Affairs , 40 (4), 664–671. doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2020.01084
American Academy of Family Physicians. (2020). Race based medicine . Policies. https://www.aafp.org/about/policies/...-medicine.html
American Nurses Association. (2022). Public health nursing: Scope and standards of practice (3rd ed.). American Nurses Association.
American Public Health Association. (2022). What is public health? https://www.apha.org/what-is-public-health
American Social History Project. (n.d.). Daughters of free men: Viewer’s guide to the 30-minute documentary by the American Social History Project . https://ashp.cuny.edu/sites/default/...erguide908.pdf
Axelsson, R., & Axelsson, S. B. (2006). Integration and collaboration in public health—A conceptual framework. The International Journal of Health Planning and Management , 21 (1), 75–88. doi.org/10.1002/hpm.826
Baiden, D., Parry, M., Nerenberg, K., Hillan, E. M., & Dogba, M. J. (2022). Connecting the dots: Structural racism, intersectionality, and cardiovascular health outcomes for African, Caribbean, and Black mothers. Health Equity, 6 (1), 402–405. doi.org/10.1089/heq.2021.0077
Bartlett, E. (1841). A vindication of the character and condition of the females employed in the Lowell mills against the charges contained in the Boston times, and the Boston quarterly review. L. Huntress, printer.
Beaudry, M. C., & Mrozowski, S. A. (Eds.). (1989). Interdisciplinary investigations of the Boott Mills, Lowell, Massachusetts (Vol. 3). Division of Cultural Resources, North Atlantic Regional Office, National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior.
Beckles, G. L., & Chou, C.-F. (2016). Disparities in the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes: United States, 1999–2002 and 2011–2014. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report , 65 (45), 1265–1269. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6545a4
Bharel, M., & Seth Mohta, N. (2020). Defining distinctions between public and population health to knock down barriers that impede care. NEJM Catalyst . catalyst.nejm.org/doi/full/1...56/CAT.20.0432
Bogage, J. (2023, May 4). Iowa bill reducing child labor protections to be signed by governor. The Washington Post . www.washingtonpost.com/busin...abor-reynolds/
Britannica Editors. (2023, August 6). Francis Cabot Lowell. In Encyclopaedia Britannica . https://www.britannica.com/biography...s-Cabot-Lowell
CDC Foundation. (2023). What is public health? https://www.cdcfoundation.org/what-public-health ?
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022). Notifiable disease . https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus/sources...e-disease.htm#
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023a). Nationally notifiable infectious diseases and conditions, United States: Weekly tables. https://wonder.cdc.gov/nndss/nndss_w...ables_menu.asp
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023b, June 26). National notifiable diseases surveillance system (NNDSS). https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus/sources...ions/nndss.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023c, July 6). Facts about hypertension . www.cdc.gov/bloodpressure/facts.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023d, September 18). 10 essential public health services . www.cdc.gov/publichealthgate...hservices.html
Crane-Kramer, G., & Buckberry, J. (2023). Changes in health with the rise of industry. International Journal of Paleopathology , 40 , 99–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpp.2022.12.005
Devi, S. (2020). U.S. public health budget cuts in the face of COVID-19. The Lancet Infectious Diseases , 20 (4), 415. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30182-1
Diener, H.-C., Dodick, D., Evers, S., Holle, D., Jensen, R. H., Lipton, R. B., Porreca, F., Silberstein, S., & Schwedt, T. (2019). Pathophysiology, prevention, and treatment of medication overuse headache. The Lancet Neurology , 18 (9), 891–902. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(19)30146-2
Diener, H.-C., & Hankey, G. J. (2020). Primary and secondary prevention of ischemic stroke and cerebral hemorrhage. Journal of the American College of Cardiology , 75 (15), 1804–1818. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2019.12.072
Dopp, A. R., & Lantz, P. M. (2020). Moving upstream to improve children’s mental health through community and policy change. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research , 47 (5), 779–787. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10488-019-01001-5
Dorfman, L., & Krasnow, I. D. (2014). Public health and media advocacy. Annual review of public health , 35 , 293–306. doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publ...-032013-182503
Falkner, B., & Lurbe, E. (2020). Primordial prevention of high blood pressure in childhood: An opportunity not to be missed. Hypertension , 75 (5), 1142–1150. doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.14059
Figueroa. (2023, April 7). Kids at work: States try to ease child labor laws at behest of industry. Missouri Independent . https://missouriindependent.com/2023...t-of-industry/
Fowler, D., Brimblecombe, P., Burrows, J., Heal, M. R., Grennfelt, P., Stevenson, D. S., Jowett, A., Nemitz, E., Coyle, M., Liu, X., Chang, Y., Fuller, G. W., Sutton, M. A., Klimont, Z., Unsworth, M. H., & Vieno, M. (2020). A chronology of global air quality. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences , 378 (2183), 20190314. doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2019.0314
Garment Worker Center, UCLA Center for Labor Research and Education, & UCLA Labor Occupational Safety and Health. (2016). Dirty threads and dangerous factories: Health and safety in Los Angeles’ fashion industry . https://garmentworkercenter.org/wp-c...rtyThreads.pdf
Gautier, L., Karambé, Y., Dossou, J.-P., & Samb, O. M. (2022). Rethinking development interventions through the lens of decoloniality in sub-Saharan Africa: The case of global health. Global Public Health , 17 (2), 180–193. doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2020.1858134
Hanlon, J. J., & Pickett, G. E. (1984). Public health: Administration and practice (8th ed.). Mosby.
Hasbrouck, L. (2021). Healthy People 2030: An improved framework. Health Education & Behavior , 48 (2), 113–114. doi.org/10.1177/1090198121997812
Hill-Briggs, F., Adler, N. E., Berkowitz, S. A., Chin, M. H., Gary-Webb, T. L., Navas-Acien, A., Thornton, P. L., & Haire-Joshu, D. (2021). Social determinants of health and diabetes: A scientific review. Diabetes Care , 44 (1), 258–279. doi.org/10.2337/dci20-0053
Huang, X., Lee, K., Wang, M. C., Shah, N. S., & Khan, S. S. (2022). Age at diagnosis of hypertension by race and ethnicity in the U.S. from 2011 to 2020. JAMA Cardiology , 7 (9), 986. doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2022.2345
Institute of Medicine Committee for the Study of the Future of Public Health. (1988). A history of the public health system. In The Future of Public Health. National Academies Press. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK218224
Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Assuring the Health of the Public in the 21st Century. (2002). The future of the public’s health in the 21st century . National Academies Press (US). www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK221239/
Javed, Z., Haisum Maqsood, M., Yahya, T., Amin, Z., Acquah, I., Valero-Elizondo, J., Andrieni, J., Dubey, P., Jackson, R. K., Daffin, M. A., Cainzos-Achirica, M., Hyder, A. A., & Nasir, K. (2022). Race, racism, and cardiovascular health: Applying a social determinants of health framework to racial/ethnic disparities in cardiovascular disease. Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes , 15 (1). doi.org/10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.121.007917
Kantor, A. F. (1976). Upton Sinclair and the Pure Food and Drugs Act of 1906. “I aimed at the public’s heart and by accident I hit it in the stomach.” American Journal of Public Health , 66 (12), 1202–1205. doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.66.12.1202
Kidd, S. A., Vitopoulos, N., Frederick, T., Leon, S., Karabanow, J., & McKenzie, K. (2019). More than four walls and a roof needed: A complex tertiary prevention approach for recently homeless youth. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 89 (2), 248–257. doi.org/10.1037/ort0000335
King, L. S. (1983).Germ theory and its influence. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association , 249 (6), 794. doi.org/10.1001/jama.1983.03330300076042
Kisling, L. A., & Das, J. (2023). Prevention strategies . StatPearls. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537222/
Koman, P. D., Singla, V., Lam, J., & Woodruff, T. J. (2019). Population susceptibility: A vital consideration in chemical risk evaluation under the Lautenberg Toxic Substances Control Act. PLOS Biology , 17 (8), e3000372. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3000372
Kuehn, B. M. (2011). Public health cuts threaten preparedness, preventive health services. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association , 306 (18), 1965–1966. jamanetwork.com/journals/jam...stract/1731850
Kuehn, B. M. (2021). AHA takes aim at structural racism as a public health crisis. Circulation , 143 (5), 501–502. doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.053306
Levine, D., & Rosencrantz, B. G. (1972). Public health and the state: Changing views in Massachusetts, 1842–1936. The Journal of American History , 59 (3), 1. doi.org/10.2307/1900712
Library of Congress. (n.d.). Work in the late 19th century . U.S. history primary source timeline. https://www.loc.gov/classroom-materi...-19th-century/
Lloyd-Jones, D. M., Albert, M. A., & Elkind, M. (2021). The American Heart Association’s focus on primordial prevention. Circulation , 144 (15). doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.057125
Martins, C., Godycki-Cwirko, M., Heleno, B., & Brodersen, J. (2018). Quaternary prevention: Reviewing the concept: Quaternary prevention aims to protect patients from medical harm. European Journal of General Practice , 24 (1), 106–111. doi.org/10.1080/13814788.2017.1422177
McKinlay, J. B. (2019). A case for refocusing upstream: The political economy of illness. IAPHS Occasional Classics , 1 , 1–10.
Murphy, E., Donnelly, C., & McKean, D. (2019). In a city of mills and canals: Mortality among pre-teen and teenage Irish workers in mid-nineteenth-century industrial Lowell, Massachusetts. Childhood in the Past , 12 (2), 117–128. doi.org/10.1080/17585716.2019.1638557
National Association of School Nurses. (2020). Position brief: Eliminate racism to optimize student health and learning . https://www.nasn.org/advocacy/profes...iefs/pb-racism
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.). Global health . https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj.../global-health
Robinson, H. H. (2011). Loom and spindle: Of life amongst the early mill girls . Applewood Books.
Rosen, G. (1976). Benjamin Rush on health and the American revolution. American Journal of Public Health , 66 (4), 397–398. doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.66.4.397
Rosenkrantz, B. (1972). Public health and the state: Changing views in Massachusetts . 1842-1936 . Harvard University Press.
Shahzad, M., Upshur, R., Donnelly, P., Bharmal, A., Wei, X., Feng, P., & Brown, A. D. (2019). A population-based approach to integrated healthcare delivery: A scoping review of clinical care and public health collaboration. BMC Public Health , 19 (1), 708. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7002-z
Shryock, R. H. (1937). The early American public health movement. American Journal of Public Health and the Nation’s Health , 27 (10), 965–971. doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.27.10.965
Teleky, L. (2012). History of factory and mine hygiene. American Journal of Public Health , 102 (6), 1104–1106. doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2012.10261104
Tulchinsky, T. H., & Varavikova, E. A. (2014). A history of public health. In The New Public Health (3rd ed., pp. 1–42). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-415766-8.00001-X
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2023a). Advancing primary prevention in human services: Convening findings. aspe.hhs.gov/sites/default/f...ning-brief.pdf
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2023b). Surgeon General issues new advisory about effects social media use has on youth mental health . News. www.hhs.gov/about/news/2023/...al-health.html
U.S. Department of Labor. (2023). Children have rights . Child labor. https://www.worker.gov/child-labor-wages/#
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2023). Indoor air quality . Report on the environment. https://www.epa.gov/report-environme...or-air-quality
Vandiver, B. J. (2020). Message from the editor-in-chief: Racism as public health crisis. Journal of Black Psychology , 46 (5), 347–350. doi.org/10.1177/0095798420956806
Winslow, C. E. A. (1924). The evolution and significance of the modern public health campaign . American Journal of Public Health, 14 (4), 343. ajph.aphapublications.org/do...JPH.14.4.343-a
Abbasinia, M., Ahmadi, F., & Kazemnejad, A. (2020). Patient advocacy in nursing: A concept analysis. Nursing Ethics, 27 (1), 141–151. doi.org/10.1177/0969733019832950
About Cori. (2022). Cori Bush: Congresswoman for Missouri’s 1st. bush.house.gov/about
Abrams, S. E. (2004). From function to competency in public health nursing, 1931 to 2003. Public Health Nursing, 21 (5), 507–510. doi.org/10.1111/j.0737-1209.2004.021514.x
Adams, C. (2021). Rep. Cori Bush wants to transform policing and public safety with new bill. NBC News . https://www.nbcnews.com/news/nbcblk/...-bill-n1272490
American Nurses Association. (1980). A conceptual model of community health nursing. American Nurses Association Publications .
American Nurses Association. (2022). Public health nursing: Scope and standards of practice (3rd ed.). American Nurses Association.
American Nurses Association. (2023). Nurses serving in Congress . Practice & Advocacy. https://www.nursingworld.org/practic...g-in-congress/
American Psychiatric Association. (2020). Stigma, prejudice and discrimination against people with mental illness . https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-...discrimination
Associated Press. (1946, March 1). Public health nurses lauded by Truman. New York Times , 27.
Associated Press. (2019, August 8). Timeline of events in shooting of Michael Brown in Ferguson. https://apnews.com/article/shootings...3b61da8fd1fc62
Ayanian, J. Z. & Buntin, M. B. (2020). In pursuit of a deeper understanding of racial justice and health equity. JAMA Health Forum. doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2020.0765
Baptiste, D., Turner, S., Josiah, N., Arscott, J., Alvarez, C., Turkson‐Ocran, R., Rodney, T., Commodore‐Mensah, Y., Francis, L., Wilson, P. R., Starks, S., Alexander, K., Taylor, J. L., Ogungbe, O., Byiringiro, S., Fisher, M. C., Charlemagne‐Badal, S. J., Marseille, B., Delva, S., & Hamilton, J. (2021). Hidden figures of nursing: The historical contributions of Black nurses and a narrative for those who are unnamed, undocumented and underrepresented. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 77 (4), 1627–1632. doi.org/10.1111/jan.14791
Barnum, N. C. (2011). Public health nursing: An autonomous career for World War II nurse veterans. Public Health Nursing, 28 (4), 379–386. doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1446.2011.00949.x
Bell, B. (2021). White dominance in nursing education: A target for anti‐racist efforts. Nursing Inquiry, 28 (1). doi.org/10.1111/nin.12379
Bicki, A., Silva, A., Joseph, V., Handoko, R., Rico, S., Burns, J., Simonelli, A., Harrop, J., Nedow, J., & De Groot, A. S. (2013). A nurse-run walk-in clinic: Cost-effective alternative to non-urgent emergency department use by the uninsured. Journal of Community Health, 38 (6), 1042–1049. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-013-9712-y
Blazer, D. (2020). Social isolation and loneliness in older adults: A mental health/public health challenge. JAMA Psychiatry , 77 (10), 990. doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.1054
Buffum, M. D., & Wolfe, N. S. (1995). Posttraumatic stress disorder and the World War II veteran. Geriatric Nursing , 16(6), 264–270. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0197-4572(95)80006-9 ’
Buhler-Wilkerson, K. (1993). Bringing care to the people: Lillian Wald’s legacy to public health nursing. American Journal of Public Health, 83 (12), 1778–1786. doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.83.12.1778
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021). History, burden, and trends. Legionella (Legionnaires’ Disease and Pontiac Fever) . www.cdc.gov/legionella/about/history.html
Chávez, A. (2022). Progressives want to put Medicare for All back on the table. The Nation . https://www.thenation.com/article/po...are-cori-bush/
Chen, R. (2022). Why some doctors are prescribing ballroom dance or a day at the museum. Time Magazine . https://time.com/6187850/social-pres...mprove-health/
Connolly, C., & Cotter, P. (2023). Effectiveness of nurse‐led clinics on healthcare delivery: An umbrella review. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 32 (9–10), 1760–1767. doi.org/10.1111/jocn.16186
Counts, N. (2023, May 18). Understanding the U.S. behavioral health workforce shortage . The Commonwealth Fund. www.commonwealthfund.org/pub...force-shortage
Cowger, T. L., Murray, E. J., Clarke, J., Bassett, M. T., Ojikutu, B. O., Sánchez, S. M., Linos, N., & Hall, K. T. (2022). Lifting universal masking in schools: Covid-19 incidence among students and staff. New England Journal of Medicine, 387 (21), 1935–1946. doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2211029
Davis, A. T. (1999). Early Black American leaders in nursing: Architects for integration and equality . Jones and Bartlett Publishers.
Donnelly, G. F. (2016). In praise of Harriet Tubman: Nurse, spy, abolitionist. Holistic Nursing Practice, 30 (4), 191. doi.org/10.1097/HNP.0000000000000155
Dorwick, K., Siliciano, R., Dude, A., & Rogers, K. (2023, October 25). AIDS. In Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/AIDS . Accessed 27 October 2023.
Edmonds, J. K., Kneipp, S. M., & Campbell, L. (2020). A call to action for public health nurses during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Public Health Nursing, 37 (3), 323–324. doi.org/10.1111/phn.12733
Evans, L. E., Foxworth, R., Sanchez, G. R., Ellenwood, C., & Roybal, C. M. (2022). Representative voices: Native American representation, political power, and COVID-19 in U.S. States. RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences, 8 (8), 135–152. https://doi.org/10.7758/RSF.2022.8.8.07
Florell, M. C. (2021). Concept analysis of nursing activism. Nursing Forum, 56 (1), 134–140. doi.org/10.1111/nuf.12502
Fraser, D. W., Tsai, T. R., Orenstein, W., Parkin, W. E., Beecham, H. J., Sharrar, R. G., Harris, J., Mallison, G. F., Martin, S. M., McDade, J. E., Shepard, C. C., Brachman, P. S., & the Field Investigation Team. (1977). Legionnaires’ disease: Description of an epidemic of pneumonia. New England Journal of Medicine, 297 (22), 1189–1197. doi.org/10.1056/NEJM197712012972201
Goldstick, J. E., Cunningham, R. M., and Carter, P. M. (2022, May 19). Current causes of death in children and adolescents in the United States. The New England Journal of Medicine , 2022; 386:1955-1956 . www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/nejmc2201761
Goodman, R. A., Bunnell, R., & Posner, S. F. (2014). What is “community health”? Examining the meaning of an evolving field in public health. Preventive Medicine, 67 , S58–S61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.07.028
Guilamo-Ramos, V., Thimm-Kaiser, M., Benzekri, A., Hidalgo, A., Lanier, Y., Tlou, S., de Lourdes Rosas López, M., Soletti, A. B., & Hagan, H. (2021). Nurses at the frontline of public health emergency preparedness and response: Lessons learned from the HIV/AIDS pandemic and emerging infectious disease outbreaks. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 21 (10), e326–e333. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30983-X
Harris, M. (2019). The Henry Street Settlement celebrates 125th anniversary. Home Healthcare Now, 37 (4), 240–240. doi.org/10.1097/NHH.0000000000000789
Howarth, M., Griffiths, A., da Silva, A., & Green, R. (2020). Social prescribing: A ‘natural’ community-based solution. British Journal of Community Nursing, 25 (6), 294–298. doi.org/10.12968/bjcn.2020.25.6.294
Huerta, D. (2020). Bonnie Castillo. The 100 most influential people of 2020. Time Magazine. https://time.com/collection/100-most...nnie-castillo/
Husk, K., Blockley, K., Lovell, R., Bethel, A., Lang, I., Byng, R., & Garside, R. (2020). What approaches to social prescribing work, for whom, and in what circumstances? A realist review. Health & Social Care in the Community, 28 (2), 309–324. doi.org/10.1111/hsc.12839
Jones, M., & James, J. (2021). Role of the nurse in addressing vaccine hesitancy and misinformation on social media. Nursing Standard, 36 (12), 62–66. https://doi.org/10.7748/ns.2021.e11759
Kociolek, L. K., Patel, A. B., Hultquist, J. F., Ozer, E. A., Simons, L. M., McHugh, M., Muller, W. J., & Lorenzo-Redondo, R. (2022). Viral whole-genome sequencing to assess impact of universal masking on SARS-CoV-2 transmission among pediatric healthcare workers. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, 43 (10), 1408–1412. https://doi.org/10.1017/ice.2021.415
Kub, J., Kulbok, P., & Glick, D. (2015). Cornerstone documents, milestones, and policies: Shaping the direction of public health nursing 1890-1950. OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 20 (2). https://doi.org/10.3912/OJIN.Vol20No02Man03
Kulig, J. C. (2000). Community resiliency: The potential for community health nursing theory development. Public Health Nursing, 17 (5), 374–385. doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1446.2000.00374.x
Lee, K. A., & Friese, C. R. (2021). Deaths by suicide among nurses: A rapid response call. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 59 (8), 3–4. doi.org/10.3928/02793695-20210625-01
Luhby, T. (2023, January 25). Obamacare sign-ups soar to record 16.3 million for 2023 . CNN. https://www.cnn.com/2023/01/25/polit...023/index.html
Markel, H. (2018). How a hotel convention became ground zero for this deadly bacteria. PBS News Hour . https://www.pbs.org/newshour/health/...eadly-bacteria
Martins, C., Godycki-Cwirko, M., Heleno, B., & Brodersen, J. (2018). Reviewing the concept: Quaternary prevention aims to protect patients from medical harm. European Journal of General Practice, 24 (1), 106–111. doi.org/10.1080/13814788.2017.1422177
Mass General Brigham McLean. (2023, January 18). The social dilemma: Social media and your mental health . www.mcleanhospital.org/essen...-mental-health
Matthias, M. (2023). Harriet Tubman. In Encyclopedia Britannica . https://www.britannica.com/biography/Harriet-Tubman
McDade, J. E., Shepard, C. C., Fraser, D. W., Tsai, T. R., Redus, M. A., Dowdle, W. R., & the Laboratory Investigation Team. (1977). Legionnaires’ disease: Isolation of a bacterium and demonstration of its role in other respiratory disease. New England Journal of Medicine, 297 (22), 1197–1203. doi.org/10.1056/NEJM197712012972202
National Commission to Address Racism in Nursing. (2022). Report series: Racism in nursing . American Nurses Association. www.nursingworld.org/~49c4d0...ort-series.pdf
National Institute of Mental Health. (2023). Substance use and co-occurring mental disorders . National Institute of Mental Health Information Resource Center. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topi...-mental-health
National Nurses United. (2023). About National Nurses United . https://www.nationalnursesunited.org/about
Office of the Surgeon General (OSG). (2021). Protecting youth mental health: The U.S. Surgeon General’s advisory . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK575984/
Painter, N. I. (2007). Sojourner Truth: A life, a symbol . W W Norton & Co Inc.
Pittman, P. (2019). Rising to the challenge: Re-embracing the Wald model of nursing. AJN, American Journal of Nursing, 119 (7), 46–52. doi.org/10.1097/01.NAJ.0000569444.12412.89
Population Reference Bureau. (2023). Just how many baby boomers are there? https://www.prb.org/resources/just-h...ers-are-there/
Quad Council Coalition Competency Review Task Force. (2018). Community/Public Health Nursing Competencies. https://www.cphno.org/wp-content/upl..._Final-002.pdf
Robinson-Lane, S. G., & Patel, R. V. (2022). The imperative to address institutional racism in nursing practice. Nursing Outlook, 70 (5), 691–693. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2022.06.001
Rothberg, E. (2022). Cori Bush. National Women’s History Museum. https://www.womenshistory.org/educat...hies/cori-bush
Sake-Doucet, N. (2020). Beyond Florence: The racist lady with the lamp. Nursing Clio. https://nursingclio.org/2020/11/05/t...with-the-lamp/
Schaeffer, K. (2023). U.S. Congress continues to grow in racial, ethnic diversity. Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/short-re...nic-diversity/
Schlanger, Z. (2020). Begging for thermometers, body bags, and gowns: U.S. health care workers are dangerously ill-equipped to fight COVID-19. Time Magazine . https://time.com/5823983/coronavirus-ppe-shortage/
Schofield, R., Ganann, R., Brooks, S., McGugan, J., Dalla Bona, K., Betker, C., Dilworth, K., Parton, L., Reid-Haughian, C., Slepkov, M., & Watson, C. (2011). Community health nursing vision for 2020: Shaping the future. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 33 (8), 1047–1068. doi.org/10.1177/0193945910375819
Sharma Rani, R. (2020). This nurse is leading the fight for safer hospitals. The New York Times . www.nytimes.com/2020/06/09/u...ealthcare.html
Temkin, E. (1999). Driving through: Postpartum care during World War II. American Journal of Public Health , 89 (4), 587–595. doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.89.4.587
University of Maryland School of Nursing. (2023). Following the patient: Nursing in the community. History of Nursing Practice. https://www.nursing.umaryland.edu/mu...ng-community/#
Vieites, V. (2020). Nurse recalls his pioneering efforts to humanize AIDS care in the 1980s. FIU Magazine . https://news.fiu.edu/2020/nurse-reca...e-in-the-1980s
Waters, C. M. (2022). Public health nursing’s impact on strengthening community resilience. American Journal of Public Health, 112 (S3), S224–S225. doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.306873
Zweig, S. A., Zapf, A. J., Xu, H., Li, Q., Agarwal, S., Labrique, A. B., & Peters, D. H. (2021). Impact of public health and social measures on the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States and other countries: Descriptive analysis. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, 7 (6), e27917. https://doi.org/10.2196/27917
Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response. (n.d.). Strategic national stockpile . aspr.hhs.gov/SNS/Pages/default.aspx
Ahmad, F. B., Cisewski, J. A., Xu, J., & Anderson, R. N. (2023). Provisional mortality data: United States, 2022. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report , 72 (18), 488–492. doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7218a3
American Cancer Society. (2022, January 12). Risk of dying from cancer continues to drop at an accelerated pace . https://www.cancer.org/research/acs-...ures-2022.html
American Diabetes Association. (n.d.). You can live well with diabetes . www2.diabetes.org/healthy-living
American Heart Association. (n.d.). Healthy living . https://www.heart.org/en/healthy-living
American Liver Foundation. (2022, August 5). How many people have liver disease? https://liverfoundation.org/about-yo...liver-disease/
Ansah, J. P., & Chiu, C.-T. (2022). Projecting the chronic disease burden among the adult population in the United States using a multi-state population model. Front Public Health , 10 , 1082183. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9881650/
Ariosto, D. A., Harper, E. M., Wilson, M. L., Hull, S. C., Nahm, E. S., & Sylvia, M. L. (2018). Population health: A nursing action plan. JAMIA Open , 1 (1), 7–10. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6951917/
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2001). First report of AIDS. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report , 50 (21), 429. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmw...l/mm5021a1.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2018). Well-being concepts . Health-related quality of life (HRQOL). www.cdc.gov/hrqol/wellbeing.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021a, June 16). Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) . www.cdc.gov/hrqol/index.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021b, August 26). Healthy habits to help protect against flu . Influenza (flu). www.cdc.gov/flu/prevent/acti...revent-flu.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021c, December 17). About global health security . Global health protection and security. www.cdc.gov/globalhealth/hea...ghs/about.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021d, December 17). Emergency preparedness & response . Global health protection and security. www.cdc.gov/globalhealth/hea...-response.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022a, February 28). Injuries and violence are leading causes of death . Injury prevention & control. https://www.cdc.gov/injury/wisqars/a...ng-causes.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022b, February 28). An update on cancer deaths in the United States . Cancer. www.cdc.gov/cancer/dcpc/rese...aths/index.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022c, May 18). What is global health security? Global health. www.cdc.gov/globalhealth/security/what.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022d, May 19). Key achievements of GHSA . Global health. www.cdc.gov/globalhealth/res...s-of-ghsa.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022e, July 1). What is health equity? Health equity. www.cdc.gov/healthequity/whatis/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022f, May 20). What is the Global Health Security Agenda? Global health. www.cdc.gov/globalhealth/sec...at-is-ghsa.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022g, October 21). About notifiable infectious diseases and conditions data . National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS). www.cdc.gov/nndss/data-stati...les/about.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023a). COVID Data Tracker . https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023b, February 3). Field Epidemiology Training Program (FETP) fact sheet . Global health protection and security. www.cdc.gov/globalhealth/hea...factsheet.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023c, May 9). About rural health . Rural health. www.cdc.gov/ruralhealth/about.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023d, May 15). Heart disease facts . Heart disease. www.cdc.gov/heartdisease/facts.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023e, May 17). What is Ebola disease? Ebola disease. www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/about.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023f, May 19). Understanding health literacy . www.cdc.gov/healthliteracy/l...rstanding.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023g, August 8). Understanding the opioid overdose epidemic . Opioids. www.cdc.gov/opioids/basics/epidemic.html
Collier, A. Y., & Molina, R. L. (2019). Maternal mortality in the United States: Updates on trends, causes, and solutions. NeoReviews , 20 (10), e561–e574. doi.org/10.1542/neo.20-10-e561
Coronado, F., Melvin, S. C., Bell, R. A., & Zhao, G. (2022, December 8). Global responses to prevent, manage, and control cardiovascular diseases. Preventing Chronic Disease , 19 , 220347. https://doi.org/10.5888/pcd19.220347
Curtin, S., & Spencer, M. (2021). Trends in death rates in urban and rural areas: United States, 1999–2019 . NCHS Data Brief No. 417. National Center for Health Statistics. doi.org/10.15620/cdc:109049
Douthard, R. A., Martin, I. K., Chapple-McGruder, T., Langer, A., & Chang, S. (2021). U.S. maternal mortality within a global context: Historical trends, Current state, and Future directions. Journal of Women’s Health , 30 (2), 168–177. doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2020.8863
GBD U.S. Health Disparities Collaborators. (2023). Cause-specific mortality by county, race, and ethnicity in the USA, 2000–19: A systematic analysis of health disparities. The Lancet , 402 (10407), 1065–1082. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)01088-7
Goldstein, N. D., & Burstyn, I. (2020). On the importance of early testing even when imperfect in a pandemic such as COVID-19. Global Epidemiology , 2 , 100031. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloepi.2020.100031
GreenFacts. (2023). WHO regions . https://www.greenfacts.org/glossary/...ho-regions.htm
Gunja, M. Z., Gumas, E. D., & Williams, R. D., III. (2023, January 31). U.S. health care from a global perspective, 2022: Accelerating spending, worsening outcomes . www.commonwealthfund.org/pub...rspective-2022
Health Analytics. (2022, March 14). What is a quality adjusted life year (QALY)? www.healthanalytics.com/expe...ife-year-qaly/
Hernandez, J. B. R., & Kim, P. Y. (2022). Epidemiology morbidity and mortality. In StatPearls [Internet] . StatPearls Publishing. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK547668/
Hill, L, Artiga, S., & Ranji, U. (2022, November 1). Racial disparities in maternal and infant health: Current status and efforts to address them . KFF. https://www.kff.org/racial-equity-an...-address-them/
Hoyert, D. L. (2023). Maternal mortality rates in the United States, 2021 . NCHS Health E-Stats. doi.org/10.15620/cdc:124678
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. (2020). Global Burden of Disease . https://www.healthdata.org/gbd/gbd-2019-resources
Knight, Nancy. (2020). Message from the director. Updates from the Field , (30), 1–2. www.cdc.gov/globalhealth/hea...all-2020-P.pdf
Lovell, C. M. (2018). 5-2-1-0 Activity and Nutrition Challenge for elementary students. Journal of School Nursing , 34 (2), 98–107. doi.org/10.1177/1059840517689893
Martinez-Ales, G., Hernandez-Calle, D., Khauli, N., & Keyes, K. M. (2020). Why are suicide rates increasing in the United States? Towards a multilevel reimagination of suicide prevention. In E. Baca-Garcia (Ed.), Behavioral neurobiology of suicide and self harm (pp. 1–23). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2020_158
Mathers, C. D., Murray, C. J., Ezzati, M., Gakidou, E., Salomon, J. A., & Stein, C. (2003). Population health metrics: Crucial inputs to the development of evidence for health policy. Population Health Metrics , 1 (1), 6. https://doi.org/10.1186/1478-7954-1-6
McCartney, G., Popham, F., McMaster, R., & Cumbers, A. (2019). Defining health and health inequalities. Public Health , 172 , 22–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2019.03.023
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. (2017). The state of health disparities in the United States. In A. Baciu, Y. Negussie, A. Geller, & J. N. Weinstein (Eds.), Communities in action: Pathways to health equity . National Academies Press. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK425844/
National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2022a, July 21). About chronic diseases . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/about/index.htm
National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2022b, September 6). Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/r...eets/brfss.htm
National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2022c, December 13). Chronic diseases in America . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/r...c-diseases.htm
National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2023, January 23). Division of Population Health at a glance . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/r...ion-health.htm
National Center for Health Statistics. (2022, August 31). Life expectancy in the U.S. dropped for the second year in a row in 2021 . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. www.cdc.gov/nchs/pressroom/n...2/20220831.htm
National Center for Health Statistics. (2023a). Health, United States, 2020–2021: Annual perspective . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hus/hus20-21.pdf
National Center for Health Statistics. (2023b, January 18). Leading causes of death . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/lea...s-of-death.htm
National Center for Health Statistics. (2023c, October 31). National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes/index.htm
National Center for Health Statistics. (2023d, November 9). National Health Interview Survey . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhis/index.htm
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. (n.d.). Kidney disease . National Institutes of Health. https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-inf...kidney-disease
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. (2023). Kidney disease statistics for the United States . National Institutes of Health. https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-inf...kidney-disease
National Institute of Mental Health. (n.d.). What is prevalence? National Institutes of Health. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/stat...-is-prevalence
National Institute of Mental Health. (2023). Suicide . National Institutes of Health. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/suicide
National Research Council & Institute of Medicine. (2015). Data from major studies of premature mortality. In Measuring the risks and causes of premature death: Summary of workshops . National Academies Press. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279981/
Ndugga, N., & Artiga, S. (2023, April 21). Disparities in health and health care: 5 key questions and answers . KFF. https://www.kff.org/racial-equity-an...n-and-answers/
New Mexico Department of Health. (2021, December 28). Summary measures of health status . NM-IBIS. https://ibis.doh.nm.gov/topic/health...yMeasures.html
Norris, K. C. (2021). Socioeconomic and racial disparities related to chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes. ADA Clinical Compendia , 2021 (1), 19–22. doi.org/10.2337/db20211-19
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-a). Access to health services . https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...ealth-services
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-b). Chronic kidney disease . Healthy People 2030. https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...kidney-disease
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-c). Injury prevention . Healthy People 2030. https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...ury-prevention
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-d). Leading health indicators . Healthy People 2030. https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...lth-indicators
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-e). Overall Health and Well-Being Measures . Healthy People 2030. https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...being-measures
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-f). Reduce emergency department visits for COPD in adults—RD-06 . Healthy People 2030. https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...d-adults-rd-06
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-g). Reduce stroke deaths—HDS-03 . Healthy People 2030. https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...-deaths-hds-03
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-h). Reduce the proportion of children and adolescents with obesity—NWS-04 . https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...obesity-nws-04
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-i). Reduce the suicide rate—MHMD-01 . Healthy People 2030. https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...e-rate-mhmd-01
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-j). Social determinants of health . Healthy People 2030. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...minants-health
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2021a, August 24). About Healthy People . Health.gov. health.gov/our-work/national...-people/about- healthy-people
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2021b, August 24). History of Healthy People . Health.gov. https://health.gov/our-work/national...healthy-people
Office of Minority Health. (2022). Infant mortality and African Americans . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://minorityhealth.hhs.gov/infan...ican-americans
Oruche, U. M., & Zapolski, T. C. B. (2020). The role of nurses in eliminating health disparities and achieving health equity. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services , 58 (12), 2–4. doi.org/10.3928%2F02793695-20201112-01
Pan American Health Organization. (2018). Health indicators: Conceptual and operational considerations . https://iris.paho.org/handle/10665.2/49056
Patel, P. R., & Su, S. (2023). Ebola virus. In StatPearls [Internet] . StatPearls Publishing. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560579/
Petrullo, J. (2023, January 31). U.S. has highest infant, maternal mortality rates despite the most health care spending . AJMC. https://www.ajmc.com/view/us-has-hig...-care-spending
Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. (2017, September 1). Catalysts for change: Harnessing the power of nurses to build population health in the 21st century . https://www.rwjf.org/en/insights/our...on-health.html
Roser, M., Ritchie, H., & Spooner, F. (2021, September). Burden of disease . Our World in Data. https://ourworldindata.org/burden-of-disease
Rowney, R., & Barton, G. (2005). The role of public health nursing in emergency preparedness and response. Nursing Clinics of North America , 40 (3), 499–509. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnur.2005.04.005
Salvage, J., & White, J. (2020). Our future is global: nursing leadership and global health. Revista latino-americana de enfermagem , 28 , e3339. https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.4542.3339
Shmerling, R. H. (2022, October 20). Why life expectancy in the U.S. is falling . Harvard Health Blog . https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/...g-202210202835
Tikkanen, R., & Abrams, M. K. (2020, January 30). U.S. health care from a global perspective, 2019: Higher spending, worse outcomes? The Commonwealth Fund. www.commonwealthfund.org/pub...rspective-2019
Tikkanen, R., Gunja, M. Z., FitzGerald, M., & Zephyrin, L. C. (2020, November 18). Maternal mortality and maternity care in the United States compared to 10 other developed countries . The Commonwealth Fund. www.commonwealthfund.org/pub...d-10-countries
Trost, S., Beauregard, J., Chandra, G., Njie, F., Berry, J., Harvey, A., & Goodman, D. A. (2022). Pregnancy-related deaths: Data from maternal mortality review committees in 36 U.S. States, 2017–2019 . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. www.cdc.gov/reproductiveheal...017-2019-H.pdf
United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. (n.d.). The 17 goals . Sustainable development. https://sdgs.un.org/goals
Unruh, L., Allin, S., Marchildon, G., Burke, S., Barry, S., Siersbaek, R., Thomas, S., Rajan, S., Koval, A., Alexander, M., Merkur, S., Webb, E., & Williams, G. A. (2022). A comparison of 2020 health policy responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada, Ireland, the United Kingdom and the United States of America. Health Policy , 126 (5), 427–437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2021.06.012
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2019). The global strategy of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services . www.hhs.gov/sites/default/fi...l-strategy.pdf
The Wharton School. (2016, June 27). Mortality in the United States: Past, present, and future . University of Pennsylvania. https://budgetmodel.wharton.upenn.ed...ent-and-future
World Health Organization. (n.d.-a). Constitution . www.who.int/about/accountabi...e/constitution
World Health Organization. (n.d.-b). Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) . https://www.who.int/data/gho/indicat...mr-details/158
World Health Organization. (n.d.-c). Global health estimates: Life expectancy and leading causes of death and disability . https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/th...alth-estimates
World Health Organization. (n.d.-d). Life expectancy at birth . https://www.who.int/data/gho/indicat...r-details/3131
World Health Organization. (n.d.-e). Years of healthy life lost due to disability (YLD) . https://www.who.int/data/gho/indicat...mr-details/160
World Health Organization. (n.d.-f). Years of life lost from mortality (YLL) . https://www.who.int/data/gho/indicat...mr-details/159
World Health Organization. (2019, December 31). 20 health tips for 2020 . https://www.who.int/philippines/news...-tips-for-2020
World Health Organization. (2021a). Health promotion glossary of terms 2021 . https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240038349
World Health Organization. (2021b, June 11). Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) . https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-s...iseases-(cvds)
World Health Organization. (2022a, February 3). Cancer . https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-s.../detail/cancer
World Health Organization. (2022b, May 20). World health statistics 2022 . https://www.who.int/news/item/20-05-...tatistics-2022
World Health Organization. (2022c, May 28). First-ever global coverage targets for diabetes adopted at the 75th World Health Assembly . https://www.who.int/news-room/featur...ealth-assembly
World Health Organization. (2022d, June 2). Global strategy on human resources for health: Workforce 2030: Reporting at seventy-fifth World Health Assembly . www.who.int/news/item/02-06-...ces-for-health—workforce-2030
World Health Organization. (2022e, June 24). 10 proposals to build a safer world together—Strengthening the global architecture for health emergency preparedness, response and resilience: Draft for consultation . https://www.who.int/publications/m/i...ion--june-2022
World Health Organization. (2022f, June 29). Listings of WHO’s response to COVID-19 . https://www.who.int/news/item/29-06-...-covidtimeline
World Health Organization. (2023a, February 22). Maternal mortality . https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-s...rnal-mortality
World Health Organization. (2023b, March 29). Malaria . https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-s...detail/malaria
World Health Organization. (2023c, April 5). Diabetes . https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-s...etail/diabetes
World Health Organization. (2023d, July 13). HIV and AIDS . https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-s...etail/hiv-aids
World Health Organization. (2023e, April 20). Ebola virus disease . https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-s...-virus-disease
World Health Organization. (2023f, April 21). Tuberculosis . https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-s...l/tuberculosis
World Health Organization. (2023g). SAFER: Raise prices on alcohol through excise taxes and pricing policies . https://www.who.int/initiatives/SAFE...cing-policies#
World Heart Federation. (2023). World heart report 2023: Confronting the world’s number one killer . https://world-heart-federation.org/w...eport-2023.pdf
AARP. (2021, September). Trends in retail prices of specialty prescription drugs widely used by older Americans, 2006 to 2020. https://www.aarp.org/content/dam/aar....00073.006.pdf
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (2020, June). Understanding quality measurement . https://www.ahrq.gov/patient-safety/...and/index.html
America Counts Staff. (2019, December 10). 2020 Census will help policymakers prepare for the incoming wave of aging boomers . United States Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/library/stori...-or-older.html
American Association of Colleges of Nursing. (2023). Fact sheet: Enhancing diversity in the nursing workforce . https://www.aacnnursing.org/Portals/...-Factsheet.pdf
American Hospital Association. (2023a). Data brief: Health care workforce challenges threaten hospitals' ability to care for patients . https://www.aha.org/fact-sheets/2021...s-ability-care
American Hospital Association. (2023b). Fact sheet: Strengthening the health care workforce . https://www.aha.org/fact-sheets/2021...care-workforce
American Hospital Association. (2023c). Fact sheet: Uncompensated hospital care costs . https://www.aha.org/fact-sheets/2020...ital-care-cost
American Nurses Association. (2023). Nurses in the workforce . https://www.nursingworld.org/practic...icy/workforce/
American Psychiatric Association. (2023). Stigma, prejudice and discrimination against people with mental illness. https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-...discrimination
Ashwood, J. S., Mehrotra, A, Cowling, D., & Uscher-Pines, L. (2017). Direct-to-consumer telehealth may increase access to care but does not decrease spending. Health Affairs. www.healthaffairs.org/doi/fu...haff.2016.1130
Baker, D. W. (2020, December 15). Trust in health care in the time of COVID-19. JAMA . jamanetwork.com/journals/jam...rticle/2774033
Balasubramanian, S. (2022). The health care industry is crumbling due to staffing shortages. Forbes . https://www.forbes.com/sites/saibala...h=4a95dbcb7d6e
Buchan, J., & Catton, H. (2020). COVID-19 and the international supply of nurses. International Council of Nurses. http://www.icn.ch/system/files/docum...port_FINAL.pdf
Call, G. (2022, January 28). Telehealth post-COVID: Going digital to reduce costs? Medical Economics. https://www.medicaleconomics.com/vie...-reduce-costs-
Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. (2022, February 10). Tracking the COVID-19 economy’s effects on food, housing, and employment hardships . www.cbpp.org/research/povert...od-housing-and
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019a). Disability and obesity. www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/disabilit...h/obesity.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019b). Strategies used by adults aged 18-64 to reduce their prescription drug costs. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/da...iefs/db333.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020a). Health disparities . www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/dis...ties/index.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020b). Health disparities in HIV, viral hepatitis, STDs, and TB: Asians . www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/healthdi...es/asians.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020c). National diabetes statistics report: Estimates of diabetes and its burden in the United States. www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pdfs/da...ics-report.pdf
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022a). About chronic diseases . www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/about/index.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022b, December 30). Prediabetes - Your chance to prevent type 2 diabetes . www.cdc.gov/diabetes/basics/prediabetes.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022c, July 12). Prioritizing minority mental health . www.cdc.gov/healthequity/fea...lth/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022d). Promoting health for older adults . www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/r...der-adults.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022e). Minority health and health equity . https://www.cdc.gov/minorityhealth/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022f). Reaching the racial and ethnic groups most affected by chronic diseases . www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/r...eets/reach.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022g). What is health equity? www.cdc.gov/healthequity/whatis/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023a). CDC’s CORE commitment to health equity . www.cdc.gov/healthequity/core/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023b). LGBTQ+ youth: Addressing health disparities with a school-based approach . www.cdc.gov/lgbthealth/youth.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023c). Prioritizing minority mental health . www.cdc.gov/healthequity/fea...lth/index.html
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. (2022). Medicaid . https://www.medicaid.gov/medicaid/index.html
Chamlou, N. (2022, December 2). How states are addressing the nursing shortage . Nurse Journal. https://nursejournal.org/articles/ho...sing-shortage/
Chee, M. (2019, May 28). Understanding the impact of Medicaid on poverty . Chicago Policy Review. https://chicagopolicyreview.org/2019...d-on-poverty/#
Commonwealth Fund. (2021, June 9). Racial and ethnic inequities in health care coverage and access, 2013-2019 . www.commonwealthfund.org/pub...cess-2013-2019
Fry, R. (2020, April 28). Millennials overtake baby boomers as America’s largest generation . Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/short-re...st-generation/
Guth, M., & Ammula, M. (2021, May 6). Building the evidence base: Studies on the effects of Medicaid expansion, February 2020 to March 2021. Kaiser Family Foundation. https://www.kff.org/report-section/b...h-2021-report/
Hamel, L., Lopes, L., Artiga, S., & Brodie, M. (2020, October 14). KFF/The undefeated survey on race and health . Kaiser Family Foundation. https://www.kff.org/report-section/k...main-findings/
Harvard Pilgrim Health Care. (2023). How rising health care costs are affecting American consumers . https://www.harvardpilgrim.org/hapig...can-consumers/
Health Care Information and Management Systems Society. (2023). Technology’s vital role in health care and society . www.himss.org/resources/tech...re-and-society
Health Resources and Services Administration. (2023, February 3). Telehealth and remote patient monitoring . https://telehealth.hhs.gov/providers...ent-monitoring
Hill, L., Ndugga, N., & Artiga, S. (2023, March 15). Key data on health and health care by race and ethnicity . Kaiser Family Foundation. https://www.kff.org/racial-equity-an...and-ethnicity/
Huzar, T. (2021, January 15). Medical mistrust linked to race/ethnicity and discrimination . Medical News Today. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/art...discrimination
The Institute for Functional Medicine. (2023). Supporting health in underserved populations . www.ifm.org/news-insights/su...d-populations/
Kagan, J. (2022, August 16). ACA health insurance marketplace: What it is, how it works . Investopedia. https://www.investopedia.com/terms/h...rketplace.asp#
Kaiser Family Foundation. (2021). The toll of coronavirus pandemic on health care workers . https://www.kff.org/report-section/k...-the-pandemic/
Kaiser Family Foundation. (2023, August 14). A snapshot of sources of coverage among Medicare beneficiaries . https://www.kff.org/medicare/issue-b...eneficiaries/#
Kirzinger, A., Montero, A., Sparks, G., Valdes, I., & Hamel, L. (2023, August 21). Public opinion on prescription drugs and their prices. Kaiser Family Foundation. https://www.kff.org/health-costs/pol...-their-prices/
Kuzimesky, C., Maeder, A. J., John, O., Gogia, S. B., Basu, A., Meher, S., & Ito, M. (2019, April 25). Role of artificial intelligence within the telehealth domain . National Library of Medicine. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6697552/
Mayo Clinic. (2017, May 24). Mental health: Overcoming the stigma of mental illness . https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-...h/art-20046477
Mayo Clinic. (2023). Telehealth: Technology meets health care . https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-l...h/art-20044878
Medicare Resources. (2023). Medicare eligibility, enrollment, and coverage options . https://www.medicareresources.org
Medicare.gov. (n.d.) What’s Medicare? https://www.medicare.gov/what-medica...whats-medicare
Nair, L., & Adetayo, O. A. (2019). Cultural competence and ethnic diversity in healthcare. Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Global Open, 16 (5), 1–3.
National Collaborating Centre for Determinants of Health. (2023). Glossary of essential health equity terms - Vulnerable populations . https://nccdh.ca/glossary/entry/vuln...e-populations#
National Institutes of Health. (2023a). About the sexual and gender minority research office . dpcpsi.nih.gov/sgmro
National Institutes of Health. (2023b). Underrepresented population . https://registries.ncats.nih.gov/glo...ed-population/
National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. (2020). Demography and public attitudes of sexual and gender diverse populations . www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK566077/
Oracle. (2023). What is customer loyalty? https://www.oracle.com/cx/marketing/...tomer-loyalty/
Richter, F. (2023, October 13). The ‘great resignation’ is winding down . Statista. https://www.statista.com/chart/26186...nited-states/#
Rudowitz, R., Drake, P., Tolbert, J., & Damico, A. (2023, March 31). How many uninsured are in the coverage gap and how many could be eligible if all states adopted the Medicaid expansion? Kaiser Family Foundation. https://www.kff.org/medicaid/issue-b...aid-expansion/
Rural Health Information Hub. (2022, November 21). Healthcare access in rural communities . https://www.ruralhealthinfo.org/topi...ccess#barriers
Rural Health Information Hub. (2023, February 24). Rural healthcare workforce . https://www.ruralhealthinfo.org/topi...care-workforce
Rusoja, E. A., & Thomas, B. A. (2021, May 6). The COVID-19 pandemic, Black mistrust, and a path forward. EClinicalMedicine , 35 , 100868. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100868
Shearn, C., & Krockow, E. M. (2023). Reasons for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in ethnic minority groups: A systematic review and thematic synthesis of initial attitudes in qualitative research. SSM. Qualitative Research in Health, 3 , 100210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmqr.2022.100210
Shrider, E. A., Kollar, M., Chen, F., & Semega, J. (2021, September). Income and poverty in the United States: 2020 . United States Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/content/dam/C...mo/p60-273.pdf
Tolbert, J., Drake, P., & Damico, A. (2022, December 19). Key facts about the uninsured population. Kaiser Family Foundation. https://www.kff.org/uninsured/issue-...ed-population/
Udalova, V., Powers, D., Robinson, S., & Notter, I. (2022, January 20). Most vulnerable more likely to depend on emergency rooms for preventable care . United States Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/library/stori...ncy-rooms.html
United States Census Bureau. (2020). Demographic turning points for the United States: Population projections for 2020 to 2060 . https://www.census.gov/content/dam/C...o/p25-1144.pdf
United States Department of Health and Human Services. (2020, February 13). Electronic health record systems . www.hhs.gov/sites/default/fi...rd-systems.pdf
United States Department of Health and Human Services. (2023a). About the Affordable Care Act . www.hhs.gov/healthcare/about...aca/index.html
United States Department of Health and Human Services. (2023b). What is the Affordable Care Act? www.hhs.gov/answers/health-i...act/index.html
University of New Hampshire Institute on Disability. (2023). Annual report on people with disabilities in America: 2020 . Disability Compendium. disabilitycompendium.org/sit...Accessible.pdf
Watson, S. (2020). Telehealth: The advantages and disadvantages. Harvard Health Publishing: Harvard Medical School. https://www.health.harvard.edu/stayi...-disadvantages
World Health Organization. (2023). Health inequities and their causes. https://www.who.int/news-room/facts-...d-their-causes
Young, N. A. E., & Crankshaw, K. (2021). Disability rates highest among American Indian and Alaska Native children and children living in poverty. United States Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/library/stori...from-2008.html
Zewde, N., & Wimer, C. (2019, January). Antipoverty impact of Medicaid growing with state expansions over time . Health Affairs. www.healthaffairs.org/doi/fu...aff.2018.05155
Ackerman-Barger, K., London, M., & White, D. (2020). When an omitted curriculum becomes a hidden curriculum: Let’s teach to promote health equity . Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved, 31 (4), 182–192. doi: 10.1353/hpu.2020.0149
American Academy of Family Physicians. (2020). Systemic racism and health disparities: A statement from editors of family medicine journals. American Family Physicians . https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/conten...statement.html
American Academy of Family Physicians. (2021). Incarceration and health: A family medicine perspective (position paper) . https://www.aafp.org/about/policies/...rceration.html
American Association of Colleges of Nursing. (2022). Nursing workforce fact sheet . https://www.aacnnursing.org/news-dat...rce-fact-sheet
American Association of Colleges of Nursing. (2023). Enhancing diversity in the nursing workforce . https://www.aacnnursing.org/news-dat...sing-workforce
American Civil Liberties Union. (2023). Mass incarceration: An animated series . https://www.aclu.org/issues/smart-ju...nimated-series
American Civil Liberties Union Washington. (2022). The keys to our mass incarceration crisis—and who holds them. www.aclu-wa.org/story/keys-o...lds-them%C2%A0
American Medical Association. (n.d.-a). Advancing health equity: A guide to language, narrative and concepts. https://www.ama-assn.org/about/ama-c...and-concepts-0
American Medical Association. (n.d.-b). The AMA’s strategic plan to embed racial justice and advance health equity. https://www.ama-assn.org/about/leade...-health-equity
American Medical Association. (2020). New AMA policies recognize race as a social, not biological, construct . https://www.ama-assn.org/press-cente...ical-construct
American Medical Association. (2021). What is structural racism? https://www.ama-assn.org/delivering-...uctural-racism
American Nurses Association. (2021). The National Commission to Address Racism in Nursing reflects on nurses’ vast contributions during nurses month. https://www.nursingworld.org/news/ne...-nurses-month/
American Nurses Association. (2022). Position statement: The nurse’s role and responsibility in unveiling and dismantling racism in nursing. www.nursingworld.org/~48e2dd...-formatted.pdf
American Psychological Association. (2019). Microaggressions: What they are, and how they are associated with adjustment outcomes . https://www.apa.org/pubs/highlights/...ight/issue-133
Andraska, E. A., Alabi, O., Dorsey, C., Erben, Y., Velazquez, G., Franco-Mesa, C., & Sachdev, U. (2021). Health care disparities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Seminars in Vascular Surgery, 34 , 82–88. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2021.08.002
Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America. (2020). Asthma disparities in America. aafa.org/asthma-allergy-rese...on-minorities/
Avalos, N. (2021). What does it mean to heal from historical trauma? AMA Journal of Ethics, 23 (6), E494–498.
Bailey, Z. D., Feldman, J. M., & Bassett, M. T. (2021). How structural racism works: Racist policies as a root cause of U.S. racial health inequities. The New England Journal of Medicine, 348 (8), 768–773. www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056...icleTools=true
Bailey, Z. D., Krieger, N., Agenor, M., Graves, J., Linios, N., & Bassett, M.T. (2017). Structural racism and health inequities in the USA: Evidence and interventions. The Lancet, 389 , 1453–1463.
Bajaj, S. S., & Stanford, F. C. (2021). Beyond Tuskegee: Vaccine distrust and everyday racism. New England Journal of Medicine, 384 (5), e12–13. doi: 10.1056/NEJMpv2035827
Baker, B. (2021). Race and biology. BioScience, 71 (2), 119–126. doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biaa157
Beech, B. M., Ford, C., Thorpe, R. J., Bruce, M. A., & Norris, K. C. (2021). Poverty, racism, and the public health crisis in America. Frontiers in Public Health, 9 (699049), 1–9. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.699049
Binswanger, I. A., Blatchford, P. J., Forsyth, S. J., Stern, M. F., & Kinner, S. A. (2016). Epidemiology of infectious disease-related death after release from prison, Washington State, United States, and Queensland, Australia: A cohort study. Public Health Reports, 131 (4), 574–582. doi: 10.1177/0033354916662216
Bose, S., Madrigano, J., & Hansel, N. N. (2022). When health disparities hit home: Redlining practices, air pollution, and asthma. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 206 (7), 803–816o. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202206-1063ED
Braveman, P. A., Arkin, E., Proctor, D., Kauh, T., & Holm, N. (2022). Systemic and structural racism: Definitions, examples, health damages, and approaches to dismantling. Health Affairs, 41 (2), 171–178. www.healthaffairs.org/doi/10...aff.2021.01394
Braveman, P., & Dominguez, T.P. (2021). Abandon “race.” Focus on racism. Frontiers in Public Health, 9 (689462), 1–8. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.689462
Brennan Center for Justice. (2022). The impact of voter suppression on communities of color . https://www.brennancenter.org/our-wo...munities-color
Bridges, K. M. (2018). Implicit bias and racial disparities in health care. Human Rights Magazine, 43 (3). www.americanbar.org/groups/c...n-health-care/
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021). Impact of racism on our nation’s health. www.cdc.gov/minorityhealth/r...of-racism.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022a). CDC’s efforts to address racism as a fundamental driver of health disparities . www.cdc.gov/minorityhealth/r...c-efforts.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022b). Social determinants of health at CDC . www.cdc.gov/about/sdoh/index.html#
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022c). The untreated syphilis study at Tuskegee timeline. www.cdc.gov/tuskegee/timeline.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022d). What is epigenetics? www.cdc.gov/genomics/disease/epigenetics.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023). Racism and health . www.cdc.gov/minorityhealth/r...ies/index.html
Churchwell, K., Elkind, M. S., Benjamin, R. M., Carson, A. P., Chang, E. K., Lawrence, W., Mills, A., Odom, T. M., Rodriguez, C. J., Rodriguez, F., Sanchez, E., Sharrief, A. Z., Sims, M., & Williams, O. (2020). Call to action: Structural racism as a fundamental driver of health disparities. Circulation, 142 , e454–e468. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000936
Congress for the New Urbanism. (n.d.-a). Completed highways to boulevard projects . https://www.cnu.org/our-projects/hig...d-h2b-projects
Congress for the New Urbanism. (n.d.-b). Highways to boulevards . https://www.cnu.org/our-projects/highways-boulevards
Cullen, J. (2018). The history of mass incarceration . The Brennan Center for Justice. https://www.brennancenter.org/our-wo...-incarceration
David, E. J., Schroeder, T. M., & Fernandez, J. (2019). Internalized racism: A systematic review of the psychological literature on racism’s most insidious consequence. Journal of Social Issues, 75 (4), 1057–1086. doi: 10.1111/josi.12350
Davies, D. (Host). (2017, January 10). What is driving the “unbanking of America”? [Audio podcast episode]. In Fresh Air . NPR studios. https://www.npr.org/2017/01/10/50912...ing-of-america
DeGue, S., Fowler, K. A., & Calkins, C. (2016). Deaths due to use of lethal force by law enforcement: Findings from the national violent death reporting system, 17 U.S. states, 2009–2012. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 51 (5 Suppl 3), S173–S187. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.08.027
Dent, R. B., Vichare, A., & Casimir, J. (2021). Addressing structural racism in the health workforce. Medical Care, 59 (10), S409–S412.
Devakumar, D., Selvarajah, S., Abubakar, I., Kim, S. S., McKee, M., Sabharwal, N. S., Saini, A., Shannon, G., White, A. R., & Achiume, E. T. (2022). Racism, xenophobia, discrimination, and the determination of health. The Lancet, 400 , 2097–108.
Duru, O. K., Harawa, N. T., Kermah, D., & Norris, K. C. (2012). Allostatic load burden and racial disparities in mortality. Journal of the National Medical Association, 104 (1–2), 89–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0027-9684(15)30120-6
Eberly, L. A., Garg, L., Yang, L., Markman, T. M., Nathan, A. S., Eneanya, N. D., Dixit, S., Marchlinski, F. E., Groeneveld, P. W., & Frankel, D. S. (2021). Racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in management of incident paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. JAMA Network Open, 4 (2), e210247. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0247
Emami, A., & de Castro, B. (2021). Confronting racism in nursing. Nursing Outlook, 69 , 714–716. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2021.06.002
Emory University. (2023). Emory researchers uncover significant race-based disparities in patient outcomes after severe heart attack. https://news.emory.edu/stories/2023/...rch/story.html
Evans, F. (2021). How interstate highways gutted communities—and reinforced segregation . History.com. https://www.history.com/news/interst...on-segregation
Filippino, M. (2017, December 1). Levittown and the rise of the American suburb. [Audio podcast episode]. In Innovation Hub . WGBH. http://blogs.wgbh.org/innovation-hub...erican-suburb/
FitzGerald, C., & Hurst, S. (2017). Implicit bias in healthcare professionals: A systematic review. BMC Medical Ethics, 18 (1), 19. doi: 10.1186/s12910-017-0179-8
Fixico, D. L. (2021). When Native Americans were slaughtered in the name of “civilization.” History.com. https://www.history.com/news/native-...-united-states
Gaines, K. (2023). Nursing ranked as the most trusted profession for 21st year in a row . Nurse.org. https://nurse.org/articles/nursing-r...st-profession/
GBD 2019 Police Violence U.S. Subnational Collaborators. (2021). Fatal police violence by race and state in the USA, 1980–2019: A network meta-regression. The Lancet, 398 (10307), 1239–1255. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01609-3
Gee, G. C., Ro, A., Shariff-Marco, S., & Chae, D. (2009). Racial discrimination and health among Asian Americans: Evidence, assessment, and directions for future research. Epidemiologic Reviews, 31 (1), 130–151. academic.oup.com/epirev/arti...1/1/130/471304
Gingrey, J. P. (2020). Maternal mortality: A U.S. public health crisis. American Journal of Public Health, 110 (4), 462–464. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7067092/
Green, E., & Peneff, O. (2022). An overview of police use of force policies and research. Illinois Criminal Justice Information Authority. https://icjia.illinois.gov/researchh...s-and-research
Greenwald, A. G., Dasgupta, N., Dovidio, J. F., Kang, J., Moss-Racusin, C. A., & Teachman, B. A. (2022). Implicit-bas remedies: Treating discriminatory bias as a public health problem. Psychological Science in Public Interest, 23 (1), 7–40. doi: 10.1177/15291006211070781
Gross, T. (2017, May 3). A “forgotten history” of how the U.S. government segregated America. [Audio podcast episode]. In Fresh Air . NPR. https://www.npr.org/2017/05/03/52665...egated-america
Hacker, J. D. (2020). From “20. And odd” to 10 million: The growth of the slave population in the United States. Slavery and Abolition, 41 (4), 840–855. doi:10.1080/0144039x.2020.1755502
Hagan, E. (2021). 10 signs of internalized racism and gaslighting . Psychology Today. https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/b...nd-gaslighting
Haley, S. J., Jardine, S. J., Kelvin, E. A., Herrmann, C., & Maroko, A. R. (2023). Neighborhood alcohol outlet density, historical redlining, and violent crime in NYC 2014–2018 . International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20 (4), 3212. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20043212
Hall, W. J., Chapman, M. V., Lee, K. M., Merino, Y. M., Thomas, T. W., Payne, B. K., Eng, E., Day, S. H., & Coyne-Beasley, T. (2015). Implicit racial/ethnic bias among health care professionals and its influence on health care outcomes: A systematic review. American Journal of Public Health, 105 (12), e60–e76. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4638275/
Hanks, A., Solomon, D., & Weller, C. E. (2018). Systematic inequality: How America’s structural racism helped create the Black-White wealth gap . Center for American Progress. www.americanprogress.org/art...ic-inequality/
Hayes, T. O., & Barnhorst, M. (2020). Incarceration and poverty in the United States . American Action Forum. https://www.americanactionforum.org/...united-states/
Hill, L., Artiga, S., & Ranji, U. (2022). Racial disparities in maternal and infant health: Current status and efforts to address them. Kaiser Family Foundation. https://www.kff.org/racial-equity-an...-address-them/
Hinton, E., & Cook, D. (2021). The mass criminalization of Black Americans: A historical overview. Annual Review of Criminology, 4 , 261–286. doi.org/10.1146/annurev-crim...-060520-033306
Hinton, E., Henderson, L., & Reed, C. (2018). An unjust burden: The disparate treatment of Black Americans in the criminal justice system. Vera Evidence Brief. https://www.vera.org/downloads/publi...isparities.pdf
History.com editors. (2023). Black Codes. https://www.history.com/topics/black...ry/black-codes
Hoffman, K. M., Trawalter, S., Axt, J. R., & Oliver, M. N. (2016). Racial bias in pain assessment and treatment recommendations, and false beliefs about biological differences between blacks and whites. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), 113 (16), 4296–4301. doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1516047113
Hostetter, M., & Klein, S. (2018). In focus: Reducing racial disparities in health care by confronting racism . The Commonwealth Fund. www.commonwealthfund.org/pub...ronting-racism
Hostetter, M., & Klein, S. (2021). Understanding and ameliorating medical mistrust among Black Americans . The Commonwealth Fund. www.commonwealthfund.org/pub...lack-americans
Hoyert, D. L. (2023). Maternal mortality rates in the United States, 2021 . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hestat...rates-2021.htm
Javed, Z., Maqsood, M. H., Yahya, T., Amin, Z., Acquah, I., Valero-Elizondo, J., Andrieni, J., Dubey, P., Jackson, R. K., Daffin, M. A., Cainzos-Achirica, M., Hyder, A. A., & Nasir, K. (2022). Race, racism, and cardiovascular health: Applying a social determinants of health framework to racial/ethnic disparities in cardiovascular disease. Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes, 15 (1), e007917. doi.org/10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.121.007917
Johnson, A. (2021). Lack of health services and transportation impede access to vaccine in communities of color. The Washington Post . www.washingtonpost.com/healt...c-disparities/
The Joint Commission. (2023). Quick safety 23: Implicit bias in health care . www.jointcommission.org/reso...n-health-care/
Jones, C. P. (2000). Levels of racism: A theoretic framework and a gardener’s tale. American Journal of Public Health, 90 (8), 212–1215. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/art...f/10936998.pdf
Kalocsanyiova, E., Essex, R., & Fortune, V. (2022). Inequalities in Covid-19 messaging: A systematic scoping review. Health Communication . doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2022.2088022
Kowalski, K. M. (2019). Study: Black, low-income Americans face highest risk from power plant pollution . Energy News Network. https://energynews.us/2019/12/11/stu...ant-pollution/
Lane, H. M., Morello-Frosch, R., Marshall, J. D., & Apte, J. S. (2022). Historical redlining is associated with present-day air pollution disparities in U.S. cities. Environmental Science & Technology Letters, 9 , 345–350. doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.1c01012
Lassiter, M. D. (2021a). Detroit under fire: Police violence, crime, politics, and the struggle for racial justice in the Civil Rights Era. National and local war on crime . University of Michigan Carceral State Project. https://policing.umhistorylabs.lsa.u...l-war-on-crime
Lassiter, M. D. (2021b). Detroit under fire: Police violence, crime politics, and the struggle for racial justice in the civil rights era . Stop and frisk: Racial profiling . University of Michigan Carceral State Project https://policing.umhistorylabs.lsa.u...stop-and-frisk
Laurencin, C. T., & Walker, J. M. (2020). Racial profiling is a public health and health disparities issue. Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities, 7 (3), 393–397. doi: 10.1007/s40615-020-00738-2
Library of Congress. (n.d.-a). The African American odyssey: A quest for full citizenship. https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/african...struction.html
Library of Congress. (n.d.-b). Native American . https://www.loc.gov/classroom-materi...tive-american/
Library of Congress. (n.d.-c). Today in history – June 2: Indian citizenship act. https://www.loc.gov/item/today-in-history/june-02/
LoneTree, H. M. (2021). Healing from the trauma of federal residential Indian boarding schools . Administration for Children and Families. https://www.acf.hhs.gov/blog/2021/11...arding-schools
Lopez, L., Hart, L. H., & Katz, M. H. (2021). Racial and ethnic health disparities related to COVID-19. JAMA, 325 (8), 719–720. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.26443
Lynch, E. E., Malcoe, L. H., Laurent, S. E., Richardson, J., Mitchell, B. C., & Meier, H. (2021). The legacy of structural racism: Associations between historic redlining, current mortgage lending, and health. SSM – Population Health, 14 (100793), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100793
Mitchell, B., & Franco, J. (2018). HOLC “redlining” maps: The persistent structure of segregation and economic inequality . National Community Reinvestment Coalition. https://ncrc.org/holc/
Moorley, C., Darbyshire, P., Serrant, L., Mohamed, J., Ali, P., & De Souza, R. (2020). Dismantling structural racism: Nursing must not be caught on the wrong side of history. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 76 (10), 2450–2453. doi.org/10.1111/jan.14469
Nardi, D., Waite, R., Nowak, M., Hatcher, B., Hines-Martin, V., & Stacciarini, J. R. (2020). Achieving health equity through eradicating structural racism in the United States: A call to action for nursing leadership. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 52 (6), 696–704. doi:10.1111/jnu.12602
National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine. (2020). The impacts of racism and bias on Black people pursuing careers in science, engineering, and medicine: Proceedings of a workshop . National Academies Press. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK565035/
National Academy of Medicine. (n.d.). Racism and associated health impacts . nam.edu/racism-and-associated-health-impacts/
National Academy of Medicine. (2022). Culture of health . nam.edu/programs/culture-of-health/
National Archives. (n.d.). Japanese-American internment . Harry S. Truman Library and Museum. https://www.trumanlibrary.gov/educat...can-internment
National Archives. (2021). Milestone documents: Brown v. Board of Education (1954). https://www.archives.gov/milestone-d...d-of-education
National Archives. (2022). Milestone documents: Civil rights act (1964). https://www.archives.gov/milestone-d...vil-rights-act
National Association of Consumer Advocates. (n.d.). Predatory lending. www.consumeradvocates.org/fo...atory-lending/
National Constitution Center. (2023a). Black Codes (1865) . constitutioncenter.org/the-c...ack-codes-1865
National Constitution Center. (2023b). On this day, all American Indians made United States citizens . constitutioncenter.org/blog/...tates-citizens
National Geographic. (n.d.). The Black Codes and Jim Crow laws. https://education.nationalgeographic...jim-crow-laws/
National Institutes of Health. (n.d.). Ending structural racism. https://www.nih.gov/ending-structural-racism
National Institutes of Health. (2016). Microaggressions. diversity.nih.gov/sociocultu...croaggressions
National Institutes of Health. National Human Genome Research Institute. (2022). Eugenics and scientific racism. https://www.genome.gov/about-genomic...entific-Racism
National Institutes of Health. National Human Genome Research Institute. (2023). Race . https://www.genome.gov/genetics-glossary/Race
National Museum of American History, Behring Center. (n.d.) Separate is not equal: Brown v. Board of Education . https://americanhistory.si.edu/brown...d-america.html
National Native American Boarding School Healing Coalition. (2020). Healing voices volume 1: A primer on American Indian and Alaska Native boarding schools in the U.S . https://boardingschoolhealing.org/wp...-1-spreads.pdf
Nellis, A. (2021). The color of justice: Racial and ethnic disparity in state prisons . The Sentencing Project. https://www.sentencingproject.org/ap...te-Prisons.pdf
Ngo, T. (2022). Bad COVID public health messaging is blocking our path to a “new normal.” Scientific American . https://www.scientificamerican.com/a...-a-new-normal/
Obeng-Gyasi, S., Li, Y., & Carson, W. E. (2022). Association of allostatic load with overall mortality among patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. JAMA Network Open, 5 (7), e2221626. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.21626
Ochs, J. H. (2023). Addressing health disparities by addressing structural racism and implicit bias in nursing education. Nurse Education Today, 121 (105670), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2022.105670
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020a). Healthy People 2030: Discrimination . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...discrimination
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020b). Healthy People 2030: Health equity in Healthy People 2030 . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...hy-people-2030
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020c). Healthy People 2030: Incarceration . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri.../incarceration
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020d). Healthy People 2030: Language and Literacy . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...e-and-literacy
O’Reilly, K. B. (2020). AMA: Racism is a threat to public health. American Medical Association. https://www.ama-assn.org/delivering-...-public-health
Parker, H. W., Abreu, A. M., Sullivan, M. C., & Vadiveloo, M. K. (2022). Allostatic load and mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 63 (1), 131–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.003
Pauls, E. P. (2023). Trail of tears: United States history. In Britannica . https://www.britannica.com/event/Trail-of-Tears
PBS. (n.d.). Jim Crow Laws . https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexp...jim-crow-laws/
PBS. (2021). Slavery by another name . Explore the map and timeline of slavery in America . https://www.pbs.org/tpt/slavery-by-a...tive-timeline/
PBS. (2023). The Black Codes: Reconstruction. https://mass.pbslearningmedia.org/re...e-black-codes/
Pearl, B. (2018). Ending the war on drugs: By the numbers . Center for American Progress. www.americanprogress.org/art...drugs-numbers/
Peeples, L. (2020). Brutality and racial bias: What the data say about police brutality and racial bias—and which reforms might work. Nature, 583 (7814), 22–24. doi:10.1038/d41586-020-01846-z
Perez, M. F., & Coutinho, M. T. (2021). An overview of health disparities in asthma. Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine, 94 (3), 497–507. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8461584/
Perry, A. M., & Harshbarger, D. (2019). American’s formerly redlined neighborhoods have changed, and so must solutions to rectify them. Brookings Institute. https://www.brookings.edu/articles/a...ust-solutions/
Population Reference Bureau. (2023). Maternal death among U.S. Black women . https://www.prb.org/resources/matern...s-black-women/
Quach, V. (2020). Racial disparities in healthcare . National Alliance on Mental Illness, Dane County. https://www.namidanecounty.org/blog/...-in-healthcare
Quick, K., & Kahlenberg, R. D. (2019). Attacking the Black-White opportunity gap that comes from residential segregation. The Century Foundation. https://tcf.org/content/report/attac...l-segregation/
Ray, R., Perry, A. M., Harshbarger, D., Elizondo, S., & Gibbons, A. (2021). Homeownership, racial segregation, and policy solutions to racial wealth equity. Brookings Institute. https://www.brookings.edu/essay/home...wealth-equity/
Roberson, K., & Pieterse, A. L. (2021). Internalized racism and self-esteem: Do depressive symptoms matter? Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 27 (3), 531–536. doi.org/10.1037/cdp0000453
Robertson, T., Beveride, G., & Bromley, C. (2017). Allostatic load as a predicator of all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the general population: Evidence from the Scottish Health Survey. PLoS ONE, 12 (8), e0183297. doi. org/10.1371/journal.pone.0183297
Rodriguez, E. J., Kim, E. N., Sumner, A. E., Napoles, A. M., & Perez-Stable, E. J. (2019). Allostatic load: Importance, markers, and score determination in minority and disparity populations. Journal of Urban Health, 96 (Suppl 1), 3–11. doi: 10.1007/s11524-019-00345-5
Rodriguez-Knutsen, A. (2023). Types of racism: internal, interpersonal, institutional, and structural. YWCA. https://www.ywcaworks.org/blogs/ywca/types-racism
Ruckart, P. Z., Ettinger, A. S., Hanna-Attisha, M., Jones, N., Davis, S. I., & Breysse, P. N. (2019). The Flint water crisis: A coordinated public health emergency response and recovery initiative. Journal of Public Health Management & Practice, 25 , S84–S90. doi: 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000871
Rudowitz, R., Drake, P., Tolbert, J., & Damico, A. (2023). How many uninsured are in the coverage gap and how many could be eligible if all states adopted the Medicaid expansion? Kaiser Family Foundation. https://www.kff.org/medicaid/issue-b...aid-expansion/
Sabin, J. A. (2022). Tackling implicit bias in health care. New England Journal of Medicine, 387 , 105–107. doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp2201180
Sawyer, W., & Wagner, P. (2023). Mass incarceration: The whole pie 2023 . Prison Policy Initiative. https://www.prisonpolicy.org/reports/pie2023.html
Schindler, M., & Kittredge, J. (2020). A crisis within a crisis: Police killings of Black emerging adults . Brookings Institute. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/how-w...erging-adults/
Scott, K., Britton, L., & McLemore, M. (2019). The ethics of perinatal care for Black women: Dismantling the structural racism in “mother blame” narratives. The Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing, 33 (2), 108–115. doi: 10.1097/JPN.0000000000000394
Selvarajah, S., Maioli, S. C., Dejvanayagam, A., Sato, P. D., Devakumar, D., Kim, S. S., Wells, J. C., Yoseph, M., Abubakar, I., & Paradies, Y. (2022). Racism, xenophobia, and discrimination: Mapping pathways to health outcomes. The Lancet, 400 , 2109–2124.
Shah, K., & Adolphe, J. (2019). 400 years since slavery: A timeline of American history. The Guardian . https://www.theguardian.com/news/201...avery-timeline
Sina-Odunsi, A. J. (2021). COVID-19 vaccines inequity and hesitancy among African Americans. Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health, 12 , 100876. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cegh.2021.100876
Sullivan, Andy. (2021). Divided highway. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/graphics/USA...S/qzjpqbzzyvx/
Swope, C. B., Hernández, D., & Cushing, L. J. (2022). The relationship of historical redlining with present-day neighborhood environmental and health outcomes: A scoping review and conceptual model. Journal of Urban Health, 99 (6), 959–983. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11524-022-00665-z
Taifa, N. (2021). Race, mass incarceration, and the disastrous war on drugs. Brennan Center for Justice. https://www.brennancenter.org/our-wo...rous-war-drugs
Taylor, J., Novoa, C., Hamm, K., & Phadke, S. (2019). Eliminating racial disparities in maternal and infant mortality . Center for American Progress. www.americanprogress.org/art...ant-mortality/
Thompson, C. W. (2021). Fatal police shootings of unarmed Black people reveal troubling patterns . NPR. https://www.npr.org/2021/01/25/95617...bling-patterns
Trost, S., Beauregard, J., Chandra, G., Njie, F., Berry, J., Harvey, A., & Goodman, D. A. (2022). Pregnancy-related deaths: Data from maternal mortality review committees in 36 U.S. states, 2017–2019 . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. www.cdc.gov/reproductiveheal...data-mmrc.html
U.S. Government Accountability Office. (2021). Racial and ethnic health disparities: Before and during the pandemic . https://www.gao.gov/blog/racial-and-...uring-pandemic
Villarruel, A. M., & Broome, M. E. (2020). Beyond the naming: Institutional racism in nursing. Nursing Outlook, 68 (4), 375–376. doi: 10.1016/j.outlook.2020.06.009
Wildeman, C., & Wang, E. A. (2017). Mass incarceration, public health, and widening inequality in the USA. The Lancet, 389 , 1464–1474.
Williams, D. R., Lawrence, J. A., & Davis, B. A. (2019). Racism and health: Evidence and needed research. Annual Review of Public Health, 40 , 105–125. doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publ...-040218-043750
Willis, H. A., Sosoo, E. E., Bernard, D. L., Neal, A., & Neblett, E. W. (2021). The associations between internalized racism, racial identity, and psychological distress. Emerging Adulthood, 9 (4), 384–400. doi.org/10.1177/21676968211005598
Wong, A. (2019). The schools that tried—but failed—to make Native Americans obsolete. The Atlantic . https://www.theatlantic.com/educatio...chools/584017/
Yearby, R., Clark, B., & Figueroa, J. F. (2022). Structural racism in historical and modern U.S. health care policy. Health Affairs, 41 (2), 187–194. doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2021.01466
Yudell, M., Roberts, D., DeSalle, R., & Tishkoff, S. (2016). Taking race out of human genetics. Science, 351 (6273), 564–565. doi: 10.1126/science.aac4951
Zhavoronkova, M., Khattar, R., & Brady, M. (2022). Occupational segregation in America . Center for American Progress. www.americanprogress.org/art...on-in-america/
Zonta, M. (2019). Racial disparities in home appreciation . Center for American Progress. www.americanprogress.org/art...-appreciation/
Alfred, Nikeya. (2022, January 18). Growing concern for people living in medical deserts . K Health. https://khealth.com/blog/growing-con...dical-deserts/
American Academy of Pediatrics. (2015). Promoting food security for all children. Pediatrics, 136 : e1431–e1438.
American Diabetes Association. (n.d.). Get to know your diabetes care team. www2.diabetes.org/healthy-li...alth-care-team
American Hospital Association. (2019a). Evolving care models: Aligning care delivery to emerging payment models . https://www.aha.org/system/files/med...delsReport.pdf
American Hospital Association. (2019b). Rural report: Challenges facing rural communities and the roadmap to ensure local access to high-quality, affordable care . https://www.aha.org/guidesreports/20...al-report-2019
American Hospital Association. (2022). Rural hospital closures threaten access: Solutions to preserve care in local communities . https://www.aha.org/system/files/med...ess-report.pdf
American Hospital Association. (2023). Current & emerging payment models. https://www.aha.org/advocacy/current...payment-models
American Lung Association. (2023). State “smoker protection” laws. https://www.lung.org/policy-advocacy...ati/appendix-f
American Medical Association. (2022). Physician payment models guide . www.ama-assn.org/system/file...dels-guide.pdf
American Public Health Association. (2023). About APHA. https://www.apha.org/About-APHA
Association of American Medical Colleges. (2023). Attracting the next generation of physicians to rural medicine. www.aamc.org/news/attracting...ural-medicine#
Association of State and Territorial Health Officials. (2022, December 14). ASTHO unveils top 10 public health policy issues to watch in 2023. https://www.astho.org/communications...watch-in-2023/
Bosworth, A., Sheingold, S., Finegold, K., De Lew, N., & Sommer, B.D. (2022, September 30). Price increases for prescription drugs, 2016–2022 . ASPE: Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation. aspe.hhs.gov/reports/prescri...rice-increases
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2016). Requirements and laws. www.cdc.gov/vaccines/imz-man...aws/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020a, April 15). Community approaches to reducing sexually transmitted diseases . www.cdc.gov/std/health-disparities/cars.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020b, May 12). HIV: Expanded testing initiative. www.cdc.gov/hiv/policies/eti.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022a, April 29). Mission, role, and pledge . www.cdc.gov/about/organization/mission.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022e, September 30). Diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES) toolkit . www.cdc.gov/diabetes/dsmes-toolkit/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022c, December 19). Vaccination laws . www.cdc.gov/phlp/publication...ationlaws.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023a). Current cigarette smoking among adults in the United States. www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_sta...king/index.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023b, August 21). Drug overdose: Partnerships between public health and public safety . www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/str...ic-safety.html
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. (2022, December 15). Historical . https://www.cms.gov/research-statist...untshistorical
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. (2023, September 6). History . https://www.cms.gov/about-cms/who-we-are/history
Choe, J., Crane, M., Greene, J., Long, J., Mwanga, J., Sharfstein, J., Socal, M., & Strodel, R. (2020). The pandemic and the supply chain: Addressing gaps in pharmaceutical production and distribution. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. https://publichealth.jhu.edu/sites/d...pply-chain.pdf
Collaborative Family Healthcare Association. (2023). What is integrated care? https://www.cfha.net/learn-network/w...tegrated-care/ .
Commonwealth Fund. (2021, August 4). Mirror, mirror 2021: Reflecting poorly . www.commonwealthfund.org/pub...lecting-poorly
Commonwealth Fund. (2023, January 26). What employers say about the future of employer-sponsored health insurance. www.commonwealthfund.org/pub...alth-insurance
Congressional Budget Office. (2016, March 24). F e deral subsidies for health insurance coverage for people under age 65: 2016 to 2026. https://web.archive.org/web/20161209...lication/51385
Costantino R. C. (2021). The U.S. medicine chest: Understanding the U.S. pharmaceutical supply chain and the role of the pharmacist. Journal of the American Pharmacists Association: JAPhA , 61 (1), e87–e92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japh.2020.07.018
Council of Public Health Nursing Organizations. (2023). About CPHNO. https://www.cphno.org/about/
Edwards, E. (2021, August 12). The U.S. needs to reimagine its pharma supply chain. Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org/2021/08/the-u-s-need...a-supply-chain
Eikemo, T., & Oversveen, E. (2019). Social inequalities in health: Challenges, knowledge gaps, key debates, and the need for new data. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 47 (6), 593–597.
Ellis, L. (2019). The need to treat the ailing U.S. pharmaceutical pricing system . Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/ecpe/un...tical-pricing/
Gostin, L.O. (2005). Jacobson v Massachusetts at 100 years: police power and civil liberties in tension. American Journal of Public Health, 95 (4), 576–581. doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2004.055152
Hadler, J., Varma, J., Vugia, D., & Goodman, R. (2018). Developing interventions . CDC. www.cdc.gov/eis/field-epi-ma...rventions.html
Harsha, D. (2022, April 12). How do hospital closures in the United States impact patient care? Harvard Kennedy School. https://www.hks.harvard.edu/faculty-...t-patient-care
Harvard Public Health. (2023). Healthcare is a human right — but not in the United States . https://harvardpublichealth.org/equi...a-human-right/
HealthCare.gov. (n.d.). Federally qualified health center (FQHC) . https://www.healthcare.gov/glossary/...h-center-fqhc/
Health Resources and Services Administration. (2023). National Health Services Corps . https://nhsc.hrsa.gov
Institute for Healthcare Improvement. (2009, June 29). Triple Aim – concept design . www.ihi.org/Engage/Initiativ...ceptDesign.pdf
Institute for Healthcare Improvement. (2023). IHI Triple Aim Initiative . https://www.ihi.org/Engage/Initiativ...s/default.aspx
Jost, T. (2023). Health care in the United States and the Affordable Care Act. American Bar Association. www.americanbar.org/groups/c...are-in-us-aca/
Joynt, K.E., Nguyen, N., Samson, L.W., & Snyder E. (2016 October 19). Rural hospital participation and performance in value-based purchasing and other delivery system reform initiatives. ASPE: Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation. aspe.hhs.gov/system/files/pd...spitalsDSR.pdf
Kaylor, A. (2023, March 23). Fundamentals of the pharmaceutical supply chain. Pharma News Intelligence. pharmanewsintel.com/news/fun...l-supply-chain
KFF. (2020a, April 15). How much more than Medicare do private insurers pay? A review of the literature . https://www.kff.org/medicare/issue-b...he-literature/
KFF. (2020b, September 17). Urban hospitals of last resort cling to life in time of COVID . Health News. https://kffhealthnews.org/news/urban...time-of-covid/
Levinson, Z., Godwin, J., & Hulver, S. (2023, February 23). Rural hospitals face renewed financial challenges, especially in states that have not expanded Medicaid . KFF. https://www.kff.org/health-costs/iss...ded-medicaid/#
March of Dimes. (2022). Nowhere to go: Maternity care deserts across the U.S. 2022 report. https://www.marchofdimes.org/materni...deserts-report
Mate, Kedar. (2022, February 4). On the Quintuple Aim: Why expand beyond the Triple Aim? Institute for Healthcare Improvement. https://www.ihi.org/communities/blog...the-triple-aim
Medicare.gov. (n.d.). I’m getting Social Security benefits before 65 . https://www.medicare.gov/basics/get-...care/before-65
Meier, B., Evans, D., Kavanaugh, M., Keralis, J., & Armas-Cardona, G. Meier. (2018). human rights in public health: Deepening engagement at a critical time. Health Hum Rights, 20 (2), 85–91. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6293343/
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; National Academy of Medicine; Committee on the Future of Nursing 2020–2030. (2021a). Paying for equity and health and healthcare. In J. Flaubert, S. Le Menestrel, D. Williams, & M. Wakefield (Eds.), The Future of Nursing 2020-2030 : Charting a Path to Achieve Health Equity. (pp. 147–188). National Academies Press. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK573911/
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; National Academy of Medicine; Committee on the Future of Nursing 2020–2030. (2021b). The role of nurses in improving health equity. In J. Flaubert, S. Le Menestrel, D. Williams, & M. Wakefield (Eds.), The Future of Nursing 2020-2030 : Charting a Path to Achieve Health Equity. (pp. 127–146). National Academies Press. https://nap.nationalacademies.org/re...5982/chapter/7
The Network for Public Health Law. (2021, February 24). Individual rights and the public’s health: Constitutional, ethical, and political aspects of COVID-19 measures and their enforcement . https://www.networkforphl.org/news-i...r-enforcement/
Nguyen, A., & Kim, S. (2021, September 9). Mapping healthcare deserts: 80% of the country lacks adequate access to healthcare . GoodRx Health. www.goodrx.com/healthcare-ac...lthcare-access
Nugent R., & Knaul, F. (2006). Fiscal policies for health promotion and disease prevention. In: D. Jamison, J. Breman, A. Measham, G. Alleyne, M. Claeson, D. B. Evans, P. Jha, A. Mills & P. Musgrove (Eds.), Disease control priorities in developing countries (2nd ed., pp. 211–223). The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK11714/
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-a). Healthy People 2030 Framework . Healthy People 2030. https://health.gov/healthypeople/abo...030-framework#
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-b). Health policy. Healthy People 2030. https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj.../health-policy
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-c). Leading health indicators (LHI) . Healthy People 2030. https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...lth-indicators
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-d). Tobacco use. Healthy People 2030. https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...es/tobacco-use
Radley, D., Baumgertner, J., Collins, S., Zephyrin, L., & Schneider, E. (2021, November 18). Achieving racial and ethnic equity in U.S. health care: A scorecard of state performance. Commonwealth Fund. www.commonwealthfund.org/pub...te-performance
Rajkumar, V.S. (2020, April 23). The high cost of prescription drugs: causes and solutions. Blood Cancer Journal . 10 , 71. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41408-020-0338-x
Rural Health Information Hub. (2021). Telehealth use in rural healthcare . https://www.ruralhealthinfo.org/topics/telehealth
Rural Health Information Hub. (2022, November 21). Healthcare access in rural communities . https://www.ruralhealthinfo.org/topi...ccess#barriers
Soto, J., Zhang, Y., Huang, J., Feng, D. (2018). An overview of the American trauma system. Chin J Traumatol, 21 (2):77–79. doi.org.10.1016/j.cjtee.2018.01.003
Tolbert, J., Drake, P., & Damico, A. (2022, December 19). Key facts about the uninsured population. KFF. https://www.kff.org/uninsured/issue-...d-population/#
Town of Arlington, Massachusetts. (n.d.). Title V - Regulations Upon the Use of Private Property. www.arlingtonma.gov/town-gov...te-property#A3
United States Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service. (n.d.) Special supplemental nutrition program for women, infants, and children (WIC). https://www.fns.usda.gov/wic
United States Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service. (2023, October 1). SNAP eligibility. https://www.fns.usda.gov/snap/recipient/eligibility
United States Department of Health and Human Services. (n.d.). About HHS . www.hhs.gov/about/index.html
United States Department of Health and Human Services. (2022). New reports show record 35 million people enrolled in coverage related to the Affordable Care Act, with historic 21 million people enrolled in Medicaid expansion coverage. www.hhs.gov/about/news/2022/...-care-act.html
United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). (2023, May 1). Progress cleaning the air and improving people’s health . https://www.epa.gov/clean-air-act-ov...peoples-health
United States Food and Drug Administration. (n.d.). COVID-19 vaccines . https://www.fda.gov/emergency-prepar...id-19-vaccines
United States Food and Drug Administration. (2020). Full text of the Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA). https://www.fda.gov/food/food-safety...ation-act-fsma
United States Food and Drug Administration. (2023). What we do . https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/what-we-do
United States Government Accountability Office. (2022, September 29). Telehealth in the pandemic—How has it changed health care delivery in Medicaid and Medicare? https://www.gao.gov/blog/telehealth-...d-and-medicare
United States Pharmacopeial Convention. (2023). Standards build a stronger supply chain and trust in medicines . https://www.usp.org/supply-chain
Weitzman Institute. (2023). Marginalized populations . https://www.weitzmaninstitute.org/re...d-populations/
World Health Organization. (2022, December 10). Human Rights . https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-s...hts-and-health
World Health Organization. (2023a). Constitution . https://www.who.int/about/governance/constitution
World Health Organization. (2023b). COVID-19 Policy Briefs . https://www.who.int/emergencies/dise...-policy-briefs
Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab. (n.d.). Evaluating the impact of moving to opportunity in the United States . Massachusetts Institute of Technology. https://www.povertyactionlab.org/eva...-united-states
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. (2016, November 3). Health effects of asbestos . www.atsdr.cdc.gov/asbestos/h..._asbestos.html
Alfonsi, S. (2020). Early results from 174 Flint children exposed to lead during water crisis shows 80% of them will require special education services . CBS News. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/flint-w...es-2020-03-15/
Alliance of Nurses for Healthy Environments. (n.d.). About ANHE . https://envirn.org/about/
American Psychological Association. (2022, October 31). Discrimination: What it is and how to cope . https://www.apa.org/topics/racism-bi...n/types-stress
American Psychological Association. (2023). Civic engagement . https://www.apa.org/education-career...vic-engagement
American Public Health Association. (2022). Social justice and health . https://www.apha.org/what-is-public-...social-justice
The Annie E. Casey Foundation. (2021, February 13). Food deserts in the United States . https://www.aecf.org/blog/exploring-...s-food-deserts
Benefits.gov. (2021). Learn the difference between SNAP and WIC programs . https://www.benefits.gov/news/article/439
Bonaccio, M., Castelnuovo, A.D., Gaetano, G, D., & Iacoviello, L. (2020). Socioeconomic gradient in health: Mind the gap in “invisible” disparities. Annals of Translational Medicine , 8 (18), 1–4. http://doi.org/10.21037/atm.2020.04.46
Braveman, P.A., Arkin, E., Proctor, D., Kauh, T., & Holm, N. (2022). Systemic and structural racism: Definitions, examples, health damages, and approaches to dismantling. Health Affairs , 41 (2), 171–178. doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2021.01394
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2009). Indoor air pollutants and toxic materials . www.cdc.gov/nceh/publication...sing/cha05.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019). Loneliness and social isolation linked to serious health conditions . www.cdc.gov/aging/publicatio...er-adults.html
Centers for Disease and Control Prevention. (2020a). Flint water crisis . www.cdc.gov/nceh/casper/pdf-...risis_pdf.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020b). Waterborne disease in the United States . www.cdc.gov/healthywater/sur...den/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022a). Why is addressing social determinants of health important for CDC and public health? www.cdc.gov/about/sdoh/addressing-sdoh.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022b). Social determinants of health at CDC . www.cdc.gov/about/sdoh/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022c). Fast facts: Preventing adverse childhood experiences . www.cdc.gov/violencepreventi.../fastfact.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022d). Chemicals that can contaminate tap water . www.cdc.gov/healthywater/dri...chemicals.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022e). Drinking water regulations . www.cdc.gov/healthywater/dri...gulations.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022f). Health effects of lead exposure . www.cdc.gov/nceh/lead/preven...th-effects.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022g). What is health equity? www.cdc.gov/healthequity/whatis/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023). Asbestos . www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/asb...s/default.html
Creamer, J., Shrider, E.A., Burns, K., and Chan, F. (2022, September). Poverty in the United States: 2021 . United States Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/content/dam/C...mo/p60-277.pdf
Denchak, M., & Turrentine, J. (2021). What is climate change? Natural Resources Defense Council. https://www.nrdc.org/stories/what-climate-change
Fuller, R., Landrigan, P. J., Balakrishnan, K., Bathan, G., Bose-O’Reilly, S., Brauer, M., Caravanos, J., Chiles, T., Cohen, A., Corra, L., Cropper, M., Ferraro, G., Hanna, J., Hanrahan, D., Hu, H., Hunter, D., Janata, G., Kupka, R., Lanphear, B., Lichtveld, M., Martin, K., Mustapha, A., Sanchez-Triana, E., Sandilya, K., Schaefli, L., Shaw, J., Seddon, J., Suk, W., Tellez-Rojo, M. M., & Yan, C. (2022). Pollution and health: A progress update. The Lancet , 6 (6), E535–E547. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(22)00090-0
Glasmeier, A. (2023). New data posted: 2023 living wage calculator . https://livingwage.mit.edu/articles/...age-calculator
Global Living Wage Coalition. (2018). What is a living wage? https://www.globallivingwage.org/abo...a-living-wage/
Gramlich, J. (2020, May 6). Black imprisonment rate in the U.S. has fallen by a third since 2006 . Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tan...-2018-vs-2006/
Habitat for Humanity. (2023). What is poverty? https://www.habitat.org/stories/what-is-poverty
Infurna, F. J., Okun, M. A., & Grimm, K. J. (2016). Volunteering is associated with lower risk of cognitive impairment. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society , 64 (11), 2263–2269. doi.org/10.1111/jgs.14398
Kansas Department of Health and Environment, Bureau of Health Promotion. (2015). Economic instability: A social determinant of health . https://cdm16884.contentdm.oclc.org/...84coll4/id/818
Kennedy, M. (2016). Lead-laced water in Flint: A step-by-step look at the makings of a crisis . NPR. https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-...gs-of-a-crisis
Khan, A., & Khattar, R. (2022). It’s long past time to increase the federal minimum wage . Center for American Progress. www.americanprogress.org/art...-minimum-wage/
Langston, A. (2018). 100 million and counting: A portrait of economic insecurity in the United States . Policy Link and the Program for Environmental and Regional Equity. https://www.policylink.org/resources...ls/100-million
Levy, K., Smith, S. M., & Carlton, E. J. (2018). Climate change impacts on waterborne diseases: Moving toward designing interventions. Current Environmental Health Reports , 5 (2), 272–282. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40572-018-0199-7
Massachusetts General Hospital Institute of Health Professions. (2023). Center for Climate Change, Climate Justice, and Health . https://www.mghihp.edu/nursing/cente...ice-and-health
Matsaganis, M. D., & Wilkin, H. A. (2015). Communicative social capital and collective efficacy as determinants of access to health-enhancing resources in residential communities. Journal of Health Communication , 20 (4), 377–386. doi.org/10.1080/10810730.2014.927037
Merriam-Webster. (2023). Poverty . https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/poverty
Milken Institute School of Public Health. (2020). Equity vs. equality: What’s the difference? The George Washington University. https://onlinepublichealth.gwu.edu/r...y-vs-equality/
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. (2021). Lead . www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/lead/default.html
Ndugga, N., & Artiga, S. (2021). Extreme heat and racial health equity . Kaiser Family Foundation. https://www.kff.org/policy-watch/ext...health-equity/
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020a). Economic stability . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...omic-stability
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020b). Poverty . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...maries/poverty
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020c). Education access and quality . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...ss-and-quality
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020d). Neighborhood and built environment . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...lt-environment
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020e). Crime and violence . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...e-and-violence
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020f). Social and community context . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...munity-context
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020g). Civic participation . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...-participation
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020h). Discrimination . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...discrimination
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020i). Incarceration . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri.../incarceration
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020j). Social cohesion . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...ocial-cohesion
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020k). Quality of housing . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...uality-housing
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020l). Language and literacy . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...e-and-literacy
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020m). Early childhood development and education . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...-and-education
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020n). Enrollment in higher education . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...gher-education
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020o). High school graduation . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...ool-graduation
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020p). Environmental conditions . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...tal-conditions
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020q). Access to foods that support healthy dietary patterns . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...etary-patterns
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020r). Food insecurity . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...ood-insecurity
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020s). Housing instability . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...ng-instability
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020t). Language and literacy . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...e-and-literacy
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020u). Employment . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...ies/employment
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020v). Social determinants of health . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...e-and-literacy
Rivara, F., Adhia, A., Lyons, V., Massey, A., Mills, B., Morgan, E., Simckes, M. & Rowhani-Rahbar, A. (2019). The effects of violence on health. Health Affairs , 38 (10), 1622–1629. doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2019.00480
Ruckart, P. Z., Ettinger, A. S., Hanna-Attisha, M., Jones, N., Davis, S. I., & Breysse, P. N. (2019). The Flint water crisis: A coordinated public health emergency response and recovery initiative. Journal of Public Health Management & Practice , 25 , S84–S90. doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000000871
Rural Health Information Hub. (2020a). Economic stability . https://www.ruralhealthinfo.org/tool...omic-stability
Rural Health Information Hub. (2020b). Defining the social determinants of health . https://www.ruralhealthinfo.org/tool...h/1/definition
Shah, A. S., Alonso, A., Whitsel, E. A., Soliman, E. Z., Vaccarino, V., & Shah, A. J. (2021). Association of psychosocial factors with short-term resting heart rate variability: The atherosclerosis risk in communities study. Journal of the American Heart Association , 10 (5), e017172. doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.120.017172
Stevens, C., Liu, C. H., & Chen, J. A. (2018). Racial/ethnic disparities in U.S. college students’ experience: Discrimination as an impediment to academic performance. Journal of American College Health , 66 (7), 665–673. doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2018.1452745
Szaflarski, M., & Bauldry, S. (2019). The effects of perceived discrimination on immigrant and refugee physical and mental health. In R. Frank (Ed.), Immigration and health (pp. 173–204). Emerald Publishing.
Taylor, A. (2022). Millions of Americans live near toxic waste sites. How does this affect their health? Housing Matters. housingmatters.urban.org/art...t-their-health
Taylor, J., Novoa, C., & Hamm, K. (2019). Eliminating racial disparities in maternal and infant mortality . Center for American Progress. www.americanprogress.org/art...ant-mortality/
United States Census Bureau. (2023). How the Census Bureau measures poverty . https://www.census.gov/topics/income...-measures.html
United States Consumer Product Safety Commission. (n.d.). Asbestos in the home . https://www.cpsc.gov/safety-educatio.../asbestos-home
United States Department of Agriculture. (n.d.). Climate hubs: Extreme weather . https://www.climatehubs.usda.gov/con...xtreme-weather
United States Department of Agriculture. (2017). Low-income and low-supermarket-access census tracts, 2010-2015 . https://www.ers.usda.gov/publication...s/?pubid=82100
United States Department of Agriculture. (2022). Definitions of food security . https://www.ers.usda.gov/topics/food...food-security/
United States Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Minority Health. (2021). Infant mortality and African Americans . minorityhealth.hhs.gov/omh/b...lvl=4&lvlid=23
United States Department of Health and Human Services, Office on Women’s Health. (2021). Effects of domestic violence on children . https://www.womenshealth.gov/relatio...lence-children
United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Community Planning and Development. (2022, December). The 2022 annual homelessness assessment report (AHAR) to congress . https://www.huduser.gov/portal/sites...HAR-Part-1.pdf
Wagmiller, R.L. and Adelman, R.M. (2009, November). Childhood and intergenerational poverty: The long-term consequences of growing up poor. National Center for Children in Poverty. https://www.nccp.org/publication/chi...ional-poverty/
Wakefield, M. K., Williams, D. R., Le Menestrel, S., & Flaubert, J. L. (Eds.). (2021). The future of nursing 2020–2030: Charting a path to achieve health equity . National Academies Press. https://nap.nationalacademies.org/ca...ting-a-path-to
Wang, L. (2022). Both sides of the bars: How mass incarceration punishes families . Prison Policy Initiative. https://www.prisonpolicy.org/blog/20...incarceration/
Weinstein, J. N., Geller, A., Negussie, Y., & Baciu, A. (Eds.). (2017). The root causes of health inequity. In Communities in action: Pathways to health equity (pp. 99–184). National Academies Press. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK425845/
Whitman, A., Lew, N. D., Chappel, A., Aysola, V., Zuckerman, R., & Sommers, B. D. (2022). Addressing social determinants of health: Examples of successful evidence-based strategies and current federal efforts . Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation. aspe.hhs.gov/sites/default/f...nce-Review.pdf
Wisniewski, M. (2022). What is the gender wage gap in your state? United States Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/library/stori...our-state.html
World Health Organization. (2018). Health inequities and their causes . https://www.who.int/news-room/facts-...d-their-causes
World Health Organization. (2021). Health equity and its determinants . https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/defau...terminants.pdf
Yaluma, C. B., & Tyner, A. (2021). Are U.S. schools closing the “gifted gap”? Analyzing elementary and middle schools’ gifted participation and representation trends (2012–2016). Journal of Advanced Academics , 32 (1), 28–53. doi.org/10.1177/1932202X20937633
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (October 2022). 2022 national healthcare quality and disparities report . https://www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/f...dr/2022qdr.pdf
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (2023). Access to care . https://www.ahrq.gov/topics/access-care.html
Alzheimer’s Association. (2023). Black Americans and Alzheimer’s . https://www.alz.org/help-support/res...and-alzheimers
Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America. (2018). Asthma capitals 2018. https://community.aafa.org/blog/2018...s-asthma-belts
Braveman, P. A., Arkin, E., Proctor, D., Kauh, T., & Holm, N. (2022). Systemic and structural racism: Definitions, examples, health damages, and approaches to dismantling. Health Affairs, 41 (2). www.healthaffairs.org/doi/10...aff.2021.01394
Business Credit and Assistance, 13 C.F.R. § 124.103 (2023). https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-1...ection-124.103
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2017, September 22). Rural and urban differences in passenger-vehicle–occupant deaths and seat belt use among adults — United States, 2014. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/ss/ss6617a1.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020, June 23). Commercial tobacco use within American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) populations . www.cdc.gov/healthytribes/na...n-smoking.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021). Trends in racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 hospitalizations, by region—United States, March–December 2020. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/70/wr/mm7015e2.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022a, May 17). National diabetes statistics report. www.cdc.gov/diabetes/data/st...ort/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022b, July 1). What is health equity? www.cdc.gov/healthequity/whatis/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022c, November 3). Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender health . www.cdc.gov/lgbthealth/index.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022d, November 14). Binge drinking . www.cdc.gov/alcohol/fact-she...e-drinking.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023a, May 4). Data and statistics. Smoking and tobacco use . www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/index.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023b, March 23). Pregnancy mortality surveillance system. www.cdc.gov/reproductiveheal...ce-system.htm#
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023c, April 3). Working together to reduce black maternal mortality . www.cdc.gov/healthequity/fea...ity/index.html
Christie-Mizell, C. A. (2022). Neighborhood disadvantage and poor health: The consequences of race, gender, and age among young adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19 (13), 8107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19138107
Crenshaw, K. (1991). Mapping the margins: Intersectionality, identity politics, and violence against women of color. Stanford Law Review , 43 (6), 1241–1299. doi.org/10.2307/1229039
Daher, M., Rifai, M., Kherallah, R., Rodriguez, F., Mahtta, D., Michos, E., Khan, S., Petersen, L., & Virani, S. (2021). Gender disparities in difficulty accessing healthcare and cost-related medication non-adherence: The CDC behavioral risk factor surveillance system (BFRSS) survey. Preventive Medicine, 153, 106779. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106779
Everding, J, & Marcus, J. (2019). The effect of unemployment on the smoking behavior of couples. Health Economics, 29 (2), 154–170. doi.org/10.1002/hec.3961
Federal Communications Commission. (2022, November 30). 988 Suicide and crisis lifeline . https://www.fcc.gov/988-suicide-and-crisis-lifeline
Garfield, R., Orgera, K., & Damico, A. (2019, January 25). The uninsured and the ACA: A primer—key facts about health insurance and the uninsured amidst changes to the Affordable Care Act. KFF. https://www.kff.org/report-section/t...d-why-do-they/
Hill, S. E., Bell, C., Bowie, J. V., Kelley, E., Furr-Holden, D., LaVeist, T. A., & Thorpe, R. J., Jr. (2017). Differences in obesity among men of diverse racial and ethnic background. American Journal of Men’s Health, 11 (4), 984–989. doi.org/10.1177/1557988315580348
Holmes, J., Tootoo, J., Chosy, E., Bowie, A., & Starr, R. (2018). Examining variation in life expectancy estimates by zip code tabulation area (ZCTA) in Hawaii’s four main counties, 2008–2012. Preventing Chronic Disease, 15 . http://dx.doi.org/10.5888/pcd15.180035
Javed, Z., Maqsood, M., Yahya, T., Amin, Z., Acquah, I., Valero-Elizondo, J., Andrieni, J., Dubey, P., Jackson, R., Daffin, M., Cainzos-Achiric, M., Hyder, A., & Nasir, K. (2022). Race, racism, and cardiovascular health: Applying a social determinants of health framework to racial/ethnic disparities in cardiovascular disease. Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes, 15 (1). doi.org/10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.121.007917
Long, M., Frederiksen, B., Ranji, U., Diep, K., & Salganicoff, A. (2023, February 22). Women’s experiences with provider communication and interactions in health care settings: Findings from the 2022 KFF Women’s Health Survey. KFF. https://www.kff.org/womens-health-po...health-survey/
Medina, C., Santos, T., Mahowald, L., & Gruberg, S. (2021, August 18). Protecting and advancing health care for transgender adult communities . Center for American Progress. www.americanprogress.org/art...t-communities/
Medina-Martínez, J., Saus-Ortega, C., Sánchez-Lorente, M., Sosa-Palanca, E., García-Martínez, P., & Mármol-López, M. (2021). Health inequities in LGBT people and nursing interventions to reduce them: A systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health , 18 (22), 11801. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211801
Merriam-Webster. (2023). Geography. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary . https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/geography
Na, L., Banks, S., & Wang, P. P. (2023). Racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 vaccine uptake: A mediation framework. Vaccine, 41 (14), 2404-2411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.02.079
National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities. (2017). NIMHD research framework . https://nimhd.nih.gov/about/overview...framework.html
National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities. (2023). Minority health and health disparities definitions . https://www.nimhd.nih.gov/resources/...finitions.html
OECD. (2022, March 1). The unequal impact of COVID-19: A spotlight on frontline workers, migrants and racial/ethnic minorities . www.oecd.org/coronavirus/pol...ties-f36e931e/
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-a) Browse objectives . https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...wse-objectives
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-b). Health equity in Healthy People 2030. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...hy-people-2030
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-c). Social determinants of health . https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...minants-health
Office of Management & Budget, Exec. Office of the President, Standards for Maintaining, Collecting, and Presenting Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity , 62 Fed. Reg. 58,782 (Oct. 30, 1997). https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/...f/97-28653.pdf .
Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. (2023). Gender stereotyping: OHCHR and women’s human rights and gender equality . United Nations. www.ohchr.org/en/women/gender-stereotyping
Office on Women’s Heath. (2020, December 17). Addressing sex differences in health. https://www.womenshealth.gov/30-achievements/27
Pate, C., Zahran, H., Qin, X., Johnson, C., Hummelman, E., & Malilay, J. (2021). Asthma Surveillance—United States, 2006–2018. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Surveillance Summaries , 70 (5), 1–32. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.ss7005a1
Raghupathi, W., & Raghupathi, V. (2018). An empirical study of chronic diseases in the United States: A visual analytics approach. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health , 15 (3), 431. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15030431
Rural Health Information Hub. (2023). Rural health disparities . https://www.ruralhealthinfo.org/topi...th-disparities
Save the Children. (2023). Gender roles can create lifelong cycle of inequality . https://www.savethechildren.org/us/c...oys-and-girls#
Semega, J., & Kollar, M. (2022, September 13). Increase in income inequality driven by real declines in income at the bottom. U.S. Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/library/stori...ncreased.html#
Shearn, C., & Krockow, E. M. (2023). Reasons for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in ethnic minority groups: A systematic review and thematic synthesis of initial attitudes in qualitative research. SSM—Qualitative Research in Health, 3 , 100210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmqr.2022.100210
Singh, G. K., & Jemal, A. (2017). Socioeconomic and racial/ethnic disparities in cancer mortality, incidence, and survival in the United States, 1950–2014: Over six decades of changing patterns and widening inequalities. Journal of Environmental and Public Health, 2017 , 2819372. doi.org/10.1155/2017/2819372
Tabuchi, T. (2020). Cancer and socioeconomic status. In Kondo, K. (Ed.), Social determinants of health in non-communicable diseases . Springer Series on Epidemiology and Public Health. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1831-7_4
Thakral, M., Lacroix, A., & Molton, I. (2019). Sex/gender disparities in health outcomes of individuals with long-term disabling conditions. Rehabilitation Psychology , 64 (2), 221–228. doi.org/10.1037/rep0000248
U.S. Census Bureau. (2022, December 29). Nation’s urban and rural populations shift following 2020 Census . https://www.census.gov/newsroom/pres...ulations.html#
U.S. Census Bureau. (2023, September 26). Urban and rural . https://www.census.gov/programs-surv...an-rural.html#
U.S. Department of Agriculture. (2023, September 8). What is rural? www.nal.usda.gov/rural-devel.../what-is-rural
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2022a). About the Affordable Care Act. www.hhs.gov/healthcare/about...aca/index.html
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2022b, March 8). Fact sheet: Celebrating the Affordable Care Act. www.hhs.gov/about/news/2022/...-care-act.html
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Minority Health. (2022a). Infant mortality and African Americans . https://minorityhealth.hhs.gov/infan...ican-americans
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Minority Health. (2022b). Obesity and African Americans . https://minorityhealth.hhs.gov/obesi...ican-americans
U.S. Department of the Treasury. (2022, July 21). Racial inequality in the United States. https://home.treasury.gov/news/featu...united-states#
U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2021). Rural health . https://www.fda.gov/consumers/minori...s/rural-health
World Health Organization. (2023). Gender and health . https://www.who.int/health-topics/gender#tab=tab_1
Yedjou, C. G., Sims, J. N., Miele, L., Noubissi, F., Lowe, L., Fonseca, D. D., Alo, R. A., Payton, M., & Tchounwou, P. B. (2019). Health and racial disparity in breast cancer. In Ahmad, A. (Ed.), Breast cancer metastasis and drug resistance . Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology series. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20301-6_3
Zang, E., Lynch, S., & West, J. (2021). Regional differences in the impact of diabetes on population health in the USA. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health , 75 (1), 56–61. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2020-214267
Aguayo-Romero, R. A. (2021). (Re)centering black feminism into intersectionality research. American Journal of Public Health , 111 (1), 101–103. doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2020.306005
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes , 50 (2), 179–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
Al Shamsi, H., Almutairi, A. G., Al Mashrafi, S., & Al Kalbani, T. (2020). Implications of language barriers for healthcare: A systematic review. Oman Medical Journal , 35 (2), e122–e122. https://doi.org/10.5001/omj.2020.40
Angeli, F., Jaiswal, A. K., & Shrivastava, S. (2022). Integrating poverty alleviation and environmental protection efforts: A socio-ecological perspective on menstrual health management. Social Science & Medicine , 314 , 115427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115427
Bandura, A. (1991). Social cognitive theory of self-regulation. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes , 50 (2), 248–287. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90022-L
Bandura, A. (2001a). Social cognitive theory: An agentic perspective. Annual Review of Psychology , 52 (1), 1–26. doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.1
Bandura, A. (2001b). Social cognitive theory of mass communication. Media Psychology , 3 (3), 265–299. doi.org/10.1207/S1532785XMEP0303_03
Bandura, A., Freeman, W. H., & Lightsey, R. (1999). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy , 13 (2), 158–166. doi.org/10.1891/0889-8391.13.2.158
Baudot, C. (2015). A social and behavior change agenda for inclusion and equity in education (Programme Brief). UNICEF. https://www.unicef.org/esa/media/175...-Inclusion.pdf
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1977). Toward an experimental ecology of human development. American Psychologist , 32 (7), 513–531. doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.32.7.513
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1986). Ecology of the family as a context for human development: Research perspectives. Developmental Psychology , 22 (6), 723–742. doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.22.6.723
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1995). Developmental ecology through space and time: A future perspective. In P. Moen, G. H. Elder, & K. Lüscher (Eds.), Examining lives in context: Perspectives on the ecology of human development. (pp. 619–647). American Psychological Association. doi.org/10.1037/10176-018
Cardel, M. I., Szurek, S. M., Dillard, J. R., Dilip, A., Miller, D. R., Theis, R., Bernier, A., Thompson, L. A., Dulin, A., Janicke, D. M., & Lee, A. M. (2020). Perceived barriers/facilitators to a healthy lifestyle among diverse adolescents with overweight/obesity: A qualitative study. Obesity Science & Practice , 6 (6), 638–648. doi.org/10.1002/osp4.448
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2019). Frequently asked questions . www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/socialde...nants/faq.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022). The Social-Ecological Model: A framework for prevention . www.cdc.gov/violencepreventi...icalmodel.html
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. (2017). Federally qualified health center. Medicare Learning Network . https://static1.squarespace.com/stat...cfactsheet.pdf
Chaudhury, M., Hinckson, E., Badland, H., & Oliver, M. (2019). Children’s independence and affordances experienced in the context of public open spaces: A study of diverse inner-city and suburban neighbourhoods in Auckland, New Zealand. Children’s Geographies , 17 (1), 49–63. doi.org/10.1080/14733285.2017.1390546
Choi, D., & Johnson, K. K. P. (2019). Influences of environmental and hedonic motivations on intention to purchase green products: An extension of the theory of planned behavior. Sustainable Production and Consumption , 18 , 145–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2019.02.001
Cox, C., & Fritz, Z. (2022). Presenting complaint: Use of language that disempowers patients. BMJ , e066720. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2021-066720
Crenshaw, K. (1991). Mapping the margins: Intersectionality, identity politics, and violence against women of color. Stanford Law Review , 43 (6), 1241. doi.org/10.2307/1229039
D’cruz, M., & Banerjee, D. (2020). “An invisible human rights crisis”: The marginalization of older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic – An advocacy review. Psychiatry Research , 292 , 113369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113369
DiClemente, C. C., & Prochaska, J. O. (1982). Self-change and therapy change of smoking behavior: A comparison of processes of change in cessation and maintenance. Addictive Behaviors , 7 (2), 133–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4603(82)90038-7
Eriksson, M., Ghazinour, M., & Hammarström, A. (2018). Different uses of Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory in public mental health research: What is their value for guiding public mental health policy and practice? Social Theory & Health , 16 (4), 414–433. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41285-018-0065-6
Ezenwaka, U., Mbachu, C., Ezumah, N., Eze, I., Agu, C., Agu, I., & Onwujekwe, O. (2020). Exploring factors constraining utilization of contraceptive services among adolescents in Southeast Nigeria: An application of the socio-ecological model. BMC Public Health , 20 (1), 1162. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09276-2
Gibb, J. K., DuBois, L. Z., Williams, S., McKerracher, L., Juster, R., & Fields, J. (2020). Sexual and gender minority health vulnerabilities during the COVID-19 health crisis. American Journal of Human Biology , 32 (5). doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.23499
Greaney, M. L., Wallington, S. F., Rampa, S., Vigliotti, V. S., & Cummings, C. A. (2020). Assessing health professionals’ perception of health literacy in Rhode Island community health centers: A qualitative study. BMC Public Health , 20 (1), 1289. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09382-1
Greene, J., & Ramos, C. (2021). A mixed methods examination of health care provider behaviors that build patients’ trust. Patient Education and Counseling , 104 (5), 1222–1228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2020.09.003
Jalili Bahabadi, F., Estebsari, F., Rohani, C., Rahimi Khalifeh Kandi, Z., Sefidkar, R., & Mostafaei, D. (2020). Predictors of health-promoting lifestyle in pregnant women based on Pender’s Health Promotion Model. International Journal of Women’s Health , Volume 12 , 71–77. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S235169
Janz, N. K., & Becker, M. H. (1984). The Health Belief Model: A decade later. Health Education Quarterly , 11 (1), 1–47. doi.org/10.1177/109019818401100101
Kaplan Serin, E., & Citlik Saritas, S. (2021). The effect of the Transtheoretical Model based walking exercise training and follow-up on improving exercise behavior and metabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Clinical Nursing Research , 30 (3), 273–284. doi.org/10.1177/1054773820920487
Kephart, L. (2022). How racial residential segregation structures access and exposure to greenness and green space: A review. Environmental Justice , 15 (4), 204–213. doi.org/10.1089/env.2021.0039
Knobel, P., Zhao, X., Müller, J. K., & Grigoleit, L. (2023). Sun-safe behavior and perceptions during winter sports: An Austrian study based on the Theory of Planned Behavior. Psychology, Health & Medicine , 28 (2), 316–323. doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2022.2041205
Kodish, S. R., Matean, M., Grey, K., Palaniappan, U., Northrup-Lyons, M., Yalvigi, A., Gwavuya, S., Mclean, J., & Erasmus, W. (2022). Conceptualizing multi-level determinants of infant and young child nutrition in the Republic of Marshall Islands—a socio-ecological perspective. PLOS Global Public Health , 2 (12), e0001343. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001343
Kozhimannil, K. B., Interrante, J. D., Henning-Smith, C., & Admon, L. K. (2019). Rural-urban differences in severe maternal morbidity and mortality in the US, 2007–15. Health Affairs , 38 (12), 2077–2085. doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2019.00805
Lane, H. M., Morello-Frosch, R., Marshall, J. D., & Apte, J. S. (2022). Historical redlining is associated with present-day air pollution disparities in U.S. cities. Environmental Science & Technology Letters , 9 (4), 345–350. doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.1c01012
Latkin, C., Dayton, L. A., Yi, G., Konstantopoulos, A., Park, J., Maulsby, C., & Kong, X. (2021). COVID-19 vaccine intentions in the United States, a social-ecological framework. Vaccine , 39 (16), 2288–2294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.02.058
Manisalidis, I., Stavropoulou, E., Stavropoulos, A., & Bezirtzoglou, E. (2020). Environmental and health impacts of air pollution: A review. Frontiers in Public Health, 8 , 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00014
McCormick, R. (2017). Does access to green space impact the mental well-being of children: A systematic review. Journal of Pediatric Nursing , 37 , 3–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2017.08.027
Meyer, M. (2017). Combatting femicide in Mexico: Achievements and ongoing challenges. In P. L. Ellman (Ed.), The courage to fight violence against women: Psychoanalytic and multidisciplinary perspectives (1st ed., pp. 12–20). Routledge.
Miller, Z. D. (2017). The enduring use of the Theory of Planned Behavior. Human Dimensions of Wildlife , 22 (6), 583–590. doi.org/10.1080/10871209.2017.1347967
National Cancer Institute. (2020). BRCA gene mutations: Cancer risk and genetic testing . https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/...rca-fact-sheet
National Gaucher Foundation. (2023). The 5 most common Ashkenazi genetic diseases . NGF blog. https://www.gaucherdisease.org/blog/...etic-diseases/
National Institute for Health Care Management. (2023). Gun violence: The impact on public health. https://nihcm.org/publications/updat...-public-health
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-a). Healthy People 2030: Social determinants of health. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...minants-health
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-b). Reduce firearm-related deaths . https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...-deaths-ivp-13
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-c). Reduce infections of HPV types prevented by the vaccine in young adults . https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...-adults-iid-07
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-d). Reduce the proportion of students in grades 9 through 12 who report sunburn . https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...t-sunburn-c-10
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-e). Reduce the rate of infant deaths . https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...deaths-mich-02
Oh, K. M., Alqahtani, N., Chang, S., & Cox, C. (2021). Knowledge, beliefs, and practice regarding human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among American college students: Application of the health belief model. Journal of American College Health , 1–10. doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2021.1967362
Ohta, R., Ryu, Y., Kitayuguchi, J., Sano, C., & Könings, K. D. (2021). Educational intervention to improve citizen’s healthcare participation perception in rural Japanese communities: A pilot study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health , 18 (4), 1782. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041782
Olaniyan, A., Isiguzo, C., & Hawk, M. (2021). The Socioecological Model as a framework for exploring factors influencing childhood immunization uptake in Lagos state, Nigeria. BMC Public Health , 21 (1), 867. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10922-6
O’Rourke, T. W. (2023). Reducing gun violence: using an upstream/downstream incremental and public opinion approach. American Journal of Health Education, 54 (1), 1–9. doi.org/10.1080/19325037.2022.2142707
Pender, N. (2011). The health promotion model manual . University of Michigan. https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitst...Rev_5-2011.pdf
Prochaska, J. O., & Velicer, W. F. (1997). The Transtheoretical Model of health behavior change. American Journal of Health Promotion , 12 (1), 38–48. doi.org/10.4278/0890-1171-12.1.38
Rejeski, W. J., & Fanning, J. (2019). Models and theories of health behavior and clinical interventions in aging: A contemporary, integrative approach. Clinical Interventions in Aging , 14 , 1007–1019. https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S206974
Rosenstock, I. M. (1974). Historical origins of the Health Belief Model. Health Education Monographs , 2 (4), 328–335. doi.org/10.1177/109019817400200403
Savari, M., & Gharechaee, H. (2020). Application of the extended theory of planned behavior to predict Iranian farmers’ intention for safe use of chemical fertilizers. Journal of Cleaner Production , 263 , 121512. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121512
Schunk, D. H., & DiBenedetto, M. K. (2020). Motivation and social cognitive theory. Contemporary Educational Psychology , 60 , 101832. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2019.101832
Short, S. E., & Mollborn, S. (2015). Social determinants and health behaviors: Conceptual frames and empirical advances. Current Opinion in Psychology , 5 , 78–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2015.05.002
Skinner, C. S., Tiro, J., & Champion, V. L. (2015). The health belief model. In K. Glanz, B. K. Rimer, & K. Viswanath (Eds.), Health behavior and health education: Theory, research, and practice (5th ed.). Jossey-Bass.
Soga, M., Evans, M. J., Tsuchiya, K., & Fukano, Y. (2021). A room with a green view: The importance of nearby nature for mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Ecological Applications , 31 (2). doi.org/10.1002/eap.2248
Srof, B. J., & Velsor-Friedrich, B. (2006). Health promotion in adolescents: A review of Pender’s Health Promotion Model. Nursing Science Quarterly , 19 (4), 366–373. doi.org/10.1177/0894318406292831
Ulker-Demirel, E., & Ciftci, G. (2020). A systematic literature review of the theory of planned behavior in tourism, leisure, and hospitality management research. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management , 43 , 209–219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2020.04.003
van den Berg, N., Rodríguez-Girondo, M., van Dijk, I. K., Mourits, R. J., Mandemakers, K., Janssens, A. A. P. O., Beekman, M., Smith, K. R., & Slagboom, P. E. (2019). Longevity defined as top 10% survivors and beyond is transmitted as a quantitative genetic trait. Nature Communications , 10 (1), 35. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07925-0
Wang, J., & Geng, L. (2019). Effects of socioeconomic status on physical and psychological health: Lifestyle as a mediator. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health , 16 (2), 281. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16020281
Willand, N., & Nethercote, M. (2020). Smoking in apartment buildings: Spatiality, meanings, and understandings. Health & Place , 61 , 102269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2019.102269
Willie, T. C., Bastida, C., Olavarrieta, C. D., Scolese, A., Campos, P. A., Falb, K. L., & Gupta, J. (2020). Socioecological determinants of community resource utilisation among low-income women in Mexico City who experienced male-to-female intimate partner violence. Global Public Health , 15 (11), 1627–1638. doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2020.1775868
World Health Organization. (2023). Adolescent pregnancy . https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-s...cent-pregnancy
Wu, D., Gu, H., Gu, S., & You, H. (2021). Individual motivation and social influence: A study of telemedicine adoption in China based on social cognitive theory. Health Policy and Technology , 10 (3), 100525. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hlpt.2021.100525
Yuchi, W., Sbihi, H., Davies, H., Tamburic, L., & Brauer, M. (2020). Road proximity, air pollution, noise, green space, and neurologic disease incidence: A population-based cohort study. Environmental Health , 19 (1), 8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-020-0565-4
Zhou, Y., Mak, L., Zhao, C., He, F., Huang, X., Tian, X., Yi-zheng, & Sun, J. (2022). Correlates of suicidal ideation in rural Chinese junior high school left-behind children: A socioecological resilience framework. Frontiers in Psychiatry , 13 , 901627. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.901627
Ayub, S. M. (2022). “See one, do one, teach one”: Balancing patient care and surgical training in an emergency trauma department. Journal of Global Health . https://jogh.org/2022/jogh-12-03051
Brandt, A. M. (1978). Racism and research: The case of the Tuskegee syphilis study. The Hastings Center Report, 8 (6), 21–29. https://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/h...d=y&sequence=1
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2021). Research implications . The U.S. Public Health Service Syphilis Study at Tuskegee. www.cdc.gov/tuskegee/after.htm#
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2022). The syphilis study at Tuskegee timeline . The U.S. Public Health Service Syphilis Study at Tuskegee. www.cdc.gov/tuskegee/timeline.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2023a). Event-based surveillance. www.cdc.gov/globalhealth/hea...veillance.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2023b). 10 essential public health services . www.cdc.gov/publichealthgate...hservices.html
Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC). (2023). Evidence-based decision making . https://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/...nce-based-care
Copeland, D. (2021). Nurses’ participation in the Holocaust: A call to nursing educators. Journal of Professional Nursing, 37 (2), 426–428. doi: 10.1016/j.profnurs.2020.05.003
Erwin, P. C., Padek, M. M., Allen, P., Smith, R., & Brownson, R. C. (2020). The association between evidence-based decision making and accreditation of state health departments. Journal of Public Health Management and Practice , 26 (5), 419–427. doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000001162
Henry, J. (2022). Henry JHNEBPModel [video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/iI-sFeLP148
Johns Hopkins Hospital. (2017). Appendix D: Evidence level and quality guide . https://hsl.upstate.edu/uploads/2020...lity-Guide.pdf
Johns Hopkins University & Medicine. (2020). Nursing resources . https://browse.welch.jhmi.edu/nursin...sources/jhnebp
National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools (NCCMT). (2017). Using evidence in public health decisions: Why it matters [video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/S0KQb1F9azY
National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools (NCCMT). (2018). NCCMT – URE – Evidence informed decision making – A guiding framework for public health [video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/QtrnT3sFSLo
National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools (NCCMT). (2023a). Evidence-informed decision making in public health . https://www.nccmt.ca/tools/eiph
National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools (NCCMT). (2023b). How National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools’ learning centre supports evidence-informed public health. https://www.nccmt.ca/learning-centre
National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools (NCCMT). (2023c). 6S search pyramid tool . https://www.nccmt.ca/tools/6s-search-pyramid
National Institutes of Health. (2023). List of registries. https://www.nih.gov/health-informati...ist-registries
Ruebush, E. (2019). Advancing evidence-based public health: A scoping review of trainings for public health practitioners [MPH Capstone, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health]. Johns Hopkins University.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (n.d.). The Belmont report . www.hhs.gov/ohrp/regulations...ort/index.html
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2023a). Evidence-based practices resource center . Healthy People 2030. https://health.gov/healthypeople/too...esource-center
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2023b). Health Equity in Healthy People 2030 . Healthy People 2030. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...hy-people-2030
Wolters Kluwer. (2023a). About Lexicomp . https://www.wolterskluwer.com/en/solutions/lexicomp
Wolters Kluwer. (2023b). About UpToDate . https://www.wolterskluwer.com/en/sol...uptodate/about
World Health Organization. (2021). 21st century health challenges: Can the essential public health functions make a difference? iris.who.int/bitstream/handl...pdf?sequence=1
World Health Organization. (2023). Assessment of essential public health functions in countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region. www.emro.who.int/about-who/p...ons/index.html
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (2019). Communication and dissemination strategies to facilitate the use of health-related evidence . Effective Health Care Program. https://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov...earch-protocol
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (2023a). Evidence-based practice center (EPC) reports . https://www.ahrq.gov/research/findin...rts/index.html
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (2023b). Mission and budget . https://www.ahrq.gov/cpi/about/mission/index.html
Aldrich, M. C., Hidalgo, B., Widome, R., Briss, P., Brownson, R. C., & Teutsch, S. M. (2015). The role of epidemiology in evidence-based policy making: A case study of tobacco use in youth. Annals of Epidemiology, 25 (5), 360–365. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/art...ihms599570.pdf
Andersson, C., Nayor, M., Tsao, C. W., Levy, D., & Vasan, R. S. (2021). Framingham Heart Study: JACC focus seminar, 1/8. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 77 (21), 2680–2692. https://doi.org
Andrews, R. J. (2022). How Florence Nightingale changed data visualization forever . Scientific American . https://www.scientificamerican.com/a...ation-forever/
Bradshaw, N. A. (2020). Florence Nightingale (1820–1910): An unexpected master of data. Patterns, 1 , 1–3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patter.2020.100036
Catalogue of Bias Collaboration, Nunan, D., Bankhead, C., & Aronson, J. K. (2017). Selection bias. Catalogue of Bias 2017 . https://catalogofbias.org/biases/selection-bias/
Celentano, D. D., & Szklo, M. (2019). Gordis epidemiology (6th ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (1999). Achievements in public health, 1900–1999: Tobacco use—United States, 1900–1999. MMWR Weekly, 48 (43), 986–993. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmw...l/mm4843a2.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2003). Hepatitis A outbreak associated with green onions at a restaurant—Monaca, Pennsylvania, 2003. MMWR Weekly , 52 (47), 1155–1157. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmw...l/mm5247a5.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2012). Principles of epidemiology in public health practice (3rd ed.). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://archive.cdc.gov/#/details?ur...978/SS1978.pdf
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022a). 10 essential public health services. www.cdc.gov/publichealthgate...hservices.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022b). Drug overdose deaths . www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/deaths/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022c). Racial and ethnic approaches to community health . www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpao/st...each/index.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023). Current cigarette smoking among adults in the United States . www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_sta...king/index.htm
Fee, E., & Garofalo, M. E. (2010). Florence Nightingale and the Crimean War. American Journal of Public Health, 100 (9), 1591. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2009.188607
Frérot, M., Lefebvre, A., Aho, S., Callier, P., Astruc, K., & Glélé, S. A. (2018). What is epidemiology? Changing definitions of epidemiology 1978–2017. PLoS ONE, 13 (12), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0208442
Gershon, L. (2020). Florence Nightingale, data visualization visionary . JSTOR Daily. https://daily.jstor.org/florence-nig...ion-visionary/
Green, M. D., Freedman, M., & Gordis, L. (2011). Reference Manual on Scientific Evidence (3rd ed.). The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/13163
Hodis, H. N., & Mack, W. J. (2022). Menopausal hormone replacement therapy and reduction of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease: It’s about time and timing. Cancer Journal, 28 (3), 208–223. doi:10.1097/PPO.0000000000000591
Kleisiaris, C. F., Sfakianakis, C., & Papathanasiou, I. V. (2014). Health care practices in ancient Greece: The Hippocratic ideal. Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine . www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4263393/
Louten, J. (2022). Essential human virology (p. 323). Elsevier Science.
Mawdsley, S. (2022). More than truth or lies: Staging Dr Semmelweis . The Lancet, 399 (10325), 623. www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals
McDonald, L. (2014). Florence Nightingale, statistics, and the Crimean War. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A, 177 (3), 569–586. www.jstor.org/stable/43965414
Omair, A. (2016). Selecting the appropriate study design: Case-control and cohort study designs. Journal of Health Specialties, 4 (1), 37–41. https://applications.emro.who.int/im..._4_1_37_41.pdf
Riedel, S. (2005). Edward Jenner and the history of smallpox and vaccination. Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 18 (1), 21–25. doi: 10.1080/08998280.2005.11928028
Society for Public Health Education. (2020). REACH rural areas . https://www.sophe.org/focus-areas/he...h-rural-areas/
Soto, L. (2018). Framingham: The study and the town that changed the health of a generation. American Heart Association. https://www.heart.org/en/news/2018/1...f-a-generation
Thomas, K. K. (2020). The experiment that proved airborne transmission . Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. https://publichealth.jhu.edu/2020/th...e-transmission
Trumpey, A. J., Daigle, D., & Nowak, G. (2018). The CDC field epidemiology manual (S. A. Rasmussen & R. A. Goodman, Eds.). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. www.cdc.gov/eis/field-epi-manual/index.html
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. (n.d.). About the USPSTF. https://www.uspreventiveservicestask...f/about-uspstf
Ventriglio, A., Bellomo, A., & Bhugra, D. (2016). Web of causation and its implications for epidemiological research. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 62 (1), 3–4. doi.org/10.1177/0020764015587629
Wheeler, C., Vogt, T. M., Armstrong, G. L., Vaughan, G., Weltman, A. Nainan, O. V., Dat, V., Xia, G., Waller, K., Amon, J., Lee, T., Highbaugh-Battle, A., Hembree, C., Evenson, S., Ruta, M. A., Williams, I. T., Fiore, A. E., & Bell, B. P. (2005, September 1). An outbreak of hepatitis A associated with green onions. New England Journal of Medicine , 353 , 890–897. www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/nejmoa050855
Wills, M. (2018). John Snow and the birth of epidemiology. JSTOR Daily. https://daily.jstor.org/john-snow-an...-epidemiology/
The Alliance for Child Protection in Humanitarian Action. (2018). Guidance note: Protection of children during infectious disease outbreaks . https://alliancecpha.org/en/child-pr...ctious-disease
American Lung Association. (2022). Pneumonia . https://www.lung.org/lung-health-dis...okup/pneumonia
Association of Public Health Nurses (APHN). (2022). What is a PHN? https://www.phnurse.org/what-is-a-phn-
Ayala, G., & Spieldenner, A. (2021). HIV is a story first written on the bodies of gay and bisexual men. American Journal of Public Health, 111 (7), 1240–1242. ajph.aphapublications.org/do...PH.2021.306348
Beyrer, C. (2021). A pandemic anniversary: 40 years of HIV/AIDS. The Lancet, 397 (10290), 2142–2143. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01167-3
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (1999, July 30). Achievements in public health, 1900-1999: Control of infectious diseases. MMWR Weekly. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmw...l/mm4829a1.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2012). Principles of epidemiology in public health practice (3rd ed.). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/6914
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2018a). 1918 Pandemic influenza historic timeline . www.cdc.gov/flu/pandemic-res...eline-1918.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2018b). Introduction to public health surveillance . www.cdc.gov/training/publich...veillance.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2018c). Our history: Our story . Retrieved from www.cdc.gov/about/history/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019a). 1918 Pandemic: Why it matters 100 years later . blogs.cdc.gov/publichealthma...8/05/1918-flu/
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019b). 1957–1958 Pandemic (H2N2 virus). www.cdc.gov/flu/pandemic-res...-pandemic.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019c). 1968 Pandemic (H3N2 virus). www.cdc.gov/flu/pandemic-res...-pandemic.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019d). 2009 H1N1 Pandemic . www.cdc.gov/flu/pandemic-res...-pandemic.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019e). 2009 H1N1 Timeline . www.cdc.gov/flu/pandemic-res...-timeline.html
Centers for Disease and Control Prevention. (2019f). Detecting and investigating waterborne diseases and outbreaks . www.cdc.gov/healthywater/sur...stigating.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019g). Importance of outbreak investigations . www.cdc.gov/healthywater/sur...lance/why.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019h). Investing and reporting. www.cdc.gov/healthywater/sur...reporting.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019i). NCEZID: Vector-borne diseases . www.cdc.gov/ncezid/what-we-d...-diseases.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019j). Parasites – Cryptosporidium (also known as “Crypto”). www.cdc.gov/parasites/crypto/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019k). Role of public health departments . www.cdc.gov/healthywater/sur...partments.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019l). Waterborne diseases & outbreak surveillance reporting . www.cdc.gov/healthywater/sur...g-systems.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019m). Zika Virus: Clinical evaluation and disease . www.cdc.gov/zika/hc-provider...ondisease.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020a). CDC and malaria . www.cdc.gov/malaria/about/activities.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020b). Diseases carried by vectors . www.cdc.gov/climateandhealth...ts/vectors.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020c). Findings . www.cdc.gov/healthywater/sur.../findings.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020d). Flint water crisis . www.cdc.gov/nceh/casper/pdf-...risis_pdf.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020e). Implications of waterborne disease estimates . www.cdc.gov/healthywater/sur...lications.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020f). Hepatitis C questions and answers for health professionals. www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hcv/hcvfaq.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020g). HIV: Populations at greater risk . https://web.archive.org/web/20230209.../hip/risk.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020h). Waterborne disease in the United States . www.cdc.gov/healthywater/sur...den/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021a). The AIDS epidemic in the United States, 1981–early 1990s . https://www.cdc.gov/museum/online/st...ids/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021b). Chronic diseases: A 21st century public health challenge . https://www.cdc.gov/museum/online/st...nic/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021c). Common settings of norovirus outbreaks. www.cdc.gov/norovirus/outbre...-settings.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021d). Diarrhea and swimming. www.cdc.gov/healthywater/swi...l-illness.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021e). Global viral hepatitis: Millions of people are affected. www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/global/index.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021f). Legionella (Legionnaires’ Disease and Pontiac Fever). https://www.cdc.gov/legionella/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022a). About HIV . www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/whatishiv.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022b). CDC and food safety . www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/cdc-a...od-safety.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022c). Chlamydia – CDC detailed fact sheet www.cdc.gov/std/chlamydia/st...a-detailed.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022d). Cholera: General information . www.cdc.gov/cholera/general/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022e). COVID-19 timeline . https://www.cdc.gov/museum/timeline/covid19.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022f). Diseases & related conditions. www.cdc.gov/std/default.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022g). Diseases you almost forgot about (thanks to vaccines). www.cdc.gov/vaccines/parents...-diseases.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022h). Drinking water standards and regulations . www.cdc.gov/healthywater/dri...gulations.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022i). Drug-resistant TB . www.cdc.gov/tb/topic/drtb/default.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022j). E. coli (Escherichia coli). https://www.cdc.gov/ecoli/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022k). E. coli and food safety. www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/commu...od-safety.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022l). Foodborne germs and illnesses . www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/foodborne-germs.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022m). Food safety . https://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022n). Frequently asked questions for health professionals. www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hbv/hbvfaq.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022o). Gonorrhea – CDC detailed fact sheet . www.cdc.gov/std/gonorrhea/st...a-detailed.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022p). Health disparities in TB . www.cdc.gov/tb/topic/populat...es/default.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022q). Health, United States, 2020–2021: Vaccination. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus/topics/vaccination.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022r). HIV: Getting tested. www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/hiv-t...ng-tested.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022s). HIV Testing . https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/testing/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022t). How flu viruses can change: “Drift” and “shift.” www.cdc.gov/flu/about/viruses/change.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022u). How TB spreads. www.cdc.gov/tb/topic/basics/howtbspreads.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022v). How we conduct case surveillance. www.cdc.gov/nndss/about/conduct.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022w). How you can prevent sexually transmitted diseases. www.cdc.gov/std/prevention/default.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022x). Key facts about influenza (flu). www.cdc.gov/flu/about/keyfacts.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022y). Lyme disease . www.cdc.gov/ticks/tickbornediseases/lyme.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022z). Malaria: Frequently asked questions . www.cdc.gov/malaria/about/faqs.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022aa). Plague in the United States . www.cdc.gov/plague/maps/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022ab). Pneumonia . https://www.cdc.gov/pneumonia/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022ac). Preventing waterborne germs at home. www.cdc.gov/healthywater/dri...s-at-home.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022ad). Salmonella and food. www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/commu...ella-food.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022ae). Salmonella: Information for healthcare professionals and laboratories. https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/general/technical.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022af). The state of STDs – Infographic . www.cdc.gov/std/statistics/infographic.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022ag). Steps in a multistate foodborne outbreak investigation . www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/outbr...eps/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022ah). Surveillance case definitions for current and historical conditions. https://ndc.services.cdc.gov/
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022ai). Surveillance reports for drinking water-associated disease and outbreaks. www.cdc.gov/healthywater/sur...e-reports.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022aj). Surveillance reports for recreational water-associated disease & outbreaks . www.cdc.gov/healthywater/sur...e-reports.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022ak). Syphilis – CDC detailed fact sheet. www.cdc.gov/std/syphilis/std...s-detailed.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022al). Testing for TB infection. www.cdc.gov/tb/topic/testing/tbtesttypes.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022am). West Nile virus. www.cdc.gov/westnile/
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022an). What is case surveillance? www.cdc.gov/nndss/about/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022ao). Whooping cough outbreaks . www.cdc.gov/pertussis/outbreaks.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022ap). Who we are. www.cdc.gov/ncezid/what-we-d...ho-we-are.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022aq). Zika virus. www.cdc.gov/zika/
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023a). Basic statistics . www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/statistics.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023b). CDC timeline . www.cdc.gov/museum/timeline/
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023c). Clinical evaluation & disease. www.cdc.gov/westnile/healthc...inLabEval.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023d). Food poisoning symptoms . www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/symptoms.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023e). Hepatitis B. www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hbv/index.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023f). Hepatitis C: CDC Yellow Book. https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowb...es/hepatitis-c
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023g). HIV treatment and care . www.cdc.gov/hiv/clinicians/t...are/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023h). Leading causes of death . https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/lea...s-of-death.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023i). Listeria (Listeriosis). www.cdc.gov/listeria/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023j). Locally acquired malaria cases identified in the United States . emergency.cdc.gov/han/2023/han00494.asp
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023k). Morbidity and mortality weekly report (MMWR). www.cdc.gov/mmwr/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023l). Norovirus . www.cdc.gov/norovirus/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023m). Treatment for latent TB infection and TB disease . www.cdc.gov/tb/topic/treatment/default.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023n). Tuberculosis (TB ). www.cdc.gov/tb/default.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023o). Tuberculosis: Data and statistics . www.cdc.gov/tb/statistics/
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023p). What is viral hepatitis? www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/abc/index.htm
Christensen, R., Fisher, D., Salmon, S., Drury, P., & Effler, P. (2021). Training for outbreak response through the Global Outbreak Alert and Response Network. BMC Medicine, 19 (123), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-021-01996-5
Dadonaite, B., & Roser, M. (2019). Pneumonia . Our world in data. https://ourworldindata.org/pneumonia
Eisinger, R. W., & Fauci, A. S. (2018). Ending the HIV/AIDS pandemic. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 24 (3), 413–416. https://doi.org/10.3201%2Feid2403.171797
Eldred, S. M. (2022). Research shows that medical caregivers often don’t know what tick bites look like on Black and brown skin. That can mean delayed diagnoses of Lyme disease and other illnesses. Sahan Journal . https://sahanjournal.com/climate-env...sota-outdoors/
Frith, J. (2012). The history of plague – Part 1. The three great pandemics. Journal of Military and Veterans’ Health, 20 (2), 1–16. https://jmvh.org/article/the-history...eat-pandemics/
Hajar R. (2012). The air of history (part II) medicine in the middle ages. Heart Views, 13 (4), 158–162. doi.org/10.4103/1995-705X.105744
Hunt, K. M., Michelson, K. A., Balamuth, F., Thompson, A. D., Levas, M. N., Neville, D. N., Kharbanda, A. B., Chapman, L., & Nigrovic, L. E. (2023). Racial differences in the diagnosis of Lyme disease in children. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 76 (6), 1129–1131. doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciac863
Jester, B. J., Uyeki, T. M., & Jernigan, D. B. (2020). Fifty years of Influenza A (H3N2) following the pandemic of 1968. American Journal of Public Health, 110 (5), 669–676. doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2019.305557
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. (n.d.). Geography, ticks and you. https://www.hopkinslymetracker.org/g...ticks-and-you/
Jordan, D., Tumpey, T., & Jester, B. (2019). The Deadliest Flu: The Complete Story of the Discovery and Reconstruction of the 1918 Pandemic Virus. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD) , December, 17.
Klein, C. (2020). Why October 1918 was American’s deadliest month ever . History. https://www.history.com/news/spanish...s-october-1918
Little, B. (2020). How the 1957 flu pandemic was stopped early in its path . History. https://www.history.com/news/1957-fl...ccine-hilleman
Ly, D. (2021). Black-white differences in the clinical manifestations and timing of initial Lyme disease diagnoses. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 37 (10), 2597–2600. DOI: 10.1007/s11606-021-07129-1
Matta, S., Arora, V. K., & Chopra, K. K. (2020). Lessons to be learnt from 100 year old 1918 influenza pandemic viz a viz 2019 corona pandemic with an eye on NTEP. Indian Journal of Tuberculosis, 67 (4), S132–S138. doi: 10.1016/j.ijtb.2020.09.032
Minority Nurse. (2013). Darker skin tones slow detection of Lyme disease . https://minoritynurse.com/darker-ski...-lyme-disease/
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; National Academy of Medicine; Committee on the Future of Nursing 2020–2030. (2021). Nurses in disaster preparedness and public health emergency response. In J. L. Flaubert, S. Le Menestrel, & D. R. Williams (Eds.), The Future of Nursing 2020-2030: Charting a Path to Achieve Health Equity . National Academies Press. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK573904/
National Archives and Records Administration. (n.d.). The deadly virus: The influenza epidemic of 1918. https://www.archives.gov/exhibits/influenza-epidemic/
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. (2018). NIAID emerging infectious diseases/pathogens. www.niaid.nih.gov/research/e...ases-pathogens
Onion, A., Sullivan, M., & Mullen, M. (2021). Pandemics that changed history . History. https://www.history.com/topics/middl...emics-timeline
Palmiere, J. R., Kushwaha-Wagner, A., Bekele, A. M., Chang, J., Nguyen, A., Hoskins, N. N., Menon, R., Mohamed, M., & Mecham, S. L. (2019). Missed diagnosis and the development of acute late lyme disease in dark skinned populations of Appalachia . Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research, 21 (2), 15782–15787. doi: 10.26717/BJSTR.2019.21.003583
Piret, J., & Boivin, G. (2020). Pandemics throughout history. Frontiers in Microbiology, 11 , 1–16. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.631736
Regunath, H., & Oba, Y. (2022). Community-acquired pneumonia . StatPearls. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430749/
Ruckart, P. Z., Ettinger, A. S., Hanna-Attisha, M., Jones, N., Davis, S. I., & Breysse, P. N. (2019). The Flint water crisis: A coordinated public health emergency response and recovery initiative. Journal of Public Health Management & Practice, 25 , S84–S90. doi: 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000871
Somse, P., & Eba, P.M. (2020). Lessons from HIV to guide COVID-19 responses in the Central African Republic. Health and Human Rights Journal, 22(1), 371 – 374. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7348452/
Sullivan, P. S., Johnson, A. S., Pembleton, E. S., Stephenson, R., Justice, A. C., Althoff, K. N., Bradley, H., Castel, A. D., Oster, A. M., Rosenberg, E. S., Mayer, K. H, & Beyrer, C. (2021). Epidemiology of HIV in the USA: Epidemic burden, inequities, contexts, and responses. The Lancet, 397 (10279), 1095–1106. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00395-0
UNAIDS. (n.d.). Fact sheet 2023. www.unaids.org/sites/default...ctSheet_en.pdf
United Nations. (2022). World must ‘speed up’ efforts to end AIDS pandemic by 2030. UN News. https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/06/1120122
Vaccinate your family. (2022). Outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases . https://vaccinateyourfamily.org/ques...able-diseases/
Viney, K., Islam, T., Hoa, N.B., Morishita, F., & Lonnroth, K. (2019). The financial burden of tuberculosis for patients in the Western-Pacific region. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, 4(94), 1 – 12. doi:10.3390/tropicalmed4020094
Wang, W.H., Thitithanyanont, A., Urbina, A. N., & Wang, S. F. (2021). Emerging and re-emerging diseases. Pathogens, 10 (7), 827. doi: 10.3390/pathogens10070827
World Health Organization. (2014). A brief guide to emerging infectious diseases and zoonoses . apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/...=1&isAllowed=y
World Health Organization. (2019). 1 in 3 people globally do not have access to safe drinking water. https://www.who.int/news/item/18-06-...ter-unicef-who
World Health Organization. (2020). Vector-borne diseases . https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-s...borne-diseases
World Health Organization. (2022a). Cholera: Global situation . https://www.who.int/emergencies/dise...em/2022-DON426
World Health Organization. (2022b). Tuberculosis . https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-s...l/tuberculosis
World Health Organization. (2023a). Communicable and noncommunicable diseases, and mental health . https://www.who.int/our-work/communi...-mental-health
World Health Organization. (2023b). Coronavirus (COVID-19) dashboard . https://covid19.who.int/
World Health Organization. (2023c, September 13). Drinking-water: Key facts. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-s...drinking-water
Air Now. (2023). Air quality index (AQI) basics . https://www.airnow.gov/aqi/aqi-basics/
Aizenman, N. (2019). Why climate change poses a particular threat to child health . NPR. https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsan...to-childhealth
Ajlabs. (2023). Mapping the scale of Canada’s record wildfires . Al Jazeera. https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/...cord-wildfires
Alliance of Nurses for Healthy Environments [ANHE]. (2023). Climate justice agenda for nursing . https://envirn.org/climate-justice-a...a-for-nursing/
American Lung Association. (2023a, September 13). Cockroaches . https://www.lung.org/clean-air/at-ho...ts/cockroaches
American Lung Association. (2023b, September 13). Dust mites . https://www.lung.org/clean-air/at-ho...nts/dust-mites
The Associated Press. (2023a). Phoenix ends 31-day streak of highs at or above 110 degrees — by reaching 108 . NPR. https://www.npr.org/2023/08/01/11912...y-reaching-108
The Associated Press. (2023b). Smoke from Canadian wildfires sent more asthma sufferers to the emergency room . NPR. https://www.npr.org/2023/08/25/11959...ospital-visits
Atwoli, L., Baqui, A. H., Benfield, T., Bosurgi, R., Godlee, F., Hancocks, S., Horton, R., Laybourn-Langton, L., Monteiro, C. A., Norman, I., Patrick, K., Praities, N., Olde Rikkert, M. G. M., Rubin, E. J., Sahni, P., Smith, R., Talley, N., Turale, S., & Vázquez, D. (2021). Call for emergency action to limit global temperature increases, restore biodiversity, and protect health. New England Journal of Medicine, 385 (12), 1134–1137. doi.org/10.1056/nejme2113200
Baggaley, K. (2017). Drones are fighting wildfires in some very surprising ways . NBC. https://www.nbcnews.com/mach/science...ays-ncna820966
Braun, J. M. (2023). Enhancing regulations to reduce exposure to PFAS— Federal action on “forever chemicals.” New England Journal of Medicine, 388 (21), 1924–1926. doi.org/DOI: 10.1056/NEJMp2303333
Buonocore, J. J., Reka, S., Yang, D., Chang, C., Roy, A., Thompson, T., Lyon, D., McVay, R., Michanowicz, D., & Arunachalam, S. (2023). Air pollution and health impacts of oil and gas production in the United States. Environmental Research: Health, 1 (2), 021006. https://doi.org/10.1088/2752-5309/acc886
Butterfield, P. (2021, June 14). Nursing’s pivotal role in global climate action. BMJ; 373 :n1049 doi:10.1136/bmj.n1049
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022a). Biomonitoring factsheet . www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/pd..._Factsheet.pdf
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022b). Exposure assessment program . www.cdc.gov/niosh/programs/exap/default.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022c). FY 2022 strategic framework . www.cdc.gov/climateandhealth...mework-508.pdf
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022d). Health effects of lead exposure . www.cdc.gov/nceh/lead/preven...th-effects.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022e). Health problems caused by secondhand smoke . www.cdc.gov/tobacco/secondha...ke/health.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022f). One Health basics . www.cdc.gov/onehealth/basics/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023, January 3). How to control wild rodent infestations . www.cdc.gov/healthypets/pets...t-control.html
Chatterjee, R. (2023, June 16). How the 1984 Bhopal gas tragedy in India has hurt multiple generations [Radio broadcast transcript]. NPR. https://www.npr.org/2023/06/16/11828...le-generations
Dawson, C. (2022). In a warmer world, half of all species are on the move. Where are they going? USC, Viterbi School of Engineering. https://viterbischool.usc.edu/news/2...re-they-going/
Dion, K. W., Oerther, D. B., & Lavin, R. (2022). Promoting climate change resilience. Nursing Economic$, 40 (3), 139–145.
Environmental Protection Agency. (2021a). EPA report shows disproportionate impacts of climate change on socially vulnerable populations in the United States . https://www.epa.gov/newsreleases/epa...lly-vulnerable
Environmental Protection Agency. (2021b). Toxics in the food web . https://www.epa.gov/salish-sea/toxics-food-web
Environmental Protection Agency. (2022a, October 12). Pesticides’ impact on indoor air quality (IAQ) . https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quali...or-air-quality
Environmental Protection Agency. (2022b, December 13). Climate change and the health of older adults [Overviews and factsheets] . https://www.epa.gov/climateimpacts/c...h-older-adults
Environmental Protection Agency. (2023a). Basic information about lead in drinking water . https://www.epa.gov/ground-water-and...drinking-water
Environmental Protection Agency. (2023b). Climate change indicators: Arctic sea ice . https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicato...arctic-sea-ice
Environmental Protection Agency. (2023c). Climate change indicators: Atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases . https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicato...eenhouse-gases
Environmental Protection Agency. (2023d). Climate change indicators: Coastal flooding . https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicato...astal-flooding
Environmental Protection Agency. (2023e). Climate change indicators: Greenhouse gases . https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicato...eenhouse-gases
Environmental Protection Agency. (2023f). Climate change indicators: Heat waves . https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicato...ors-heat-waves
Environmental Protection Agency. (2023g). Climate change indicators: Ice sheets . https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicato...ors-ice-sheets
Environmental Protection Agency. (2023h). Climate change indicators: Ocean acidity . https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicato...-ocean-acidity
Environmental Protection Agency. (2023i). Climate change indicators: Oceans . https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicators/oceans
Environmental Protection Agency. (2023j). Environmental justice . https://www.epa.gov/environmentaljustice
Environmental Protection Agency. (2023k). Human health risk assessment . https://www.epa.gov/risk/human-health-risk-assessment
Environmental Protection Agency. (2023l). Overview of EPA’s brownfields program . www.epa.gov/brownfields/over...fields-program
Environmental Protection Agency. (2023m). Summary of Executive Order 12898 - Federal Actions to Address Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations . https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations...mental-justice
Environmental Protection Agency. (2023n). What is superfund? https://www.epa.gov/superfund/what-superfund
Exec. Order No. 14008, 86 Fed. Reg. 7619 (January 27, 2021). https://www.federalregister.gov/docu...ome-and-abroad
Gilbert, H.A. (2020). Florence Nightingale’s environmental theory and its influence on contemporary infection control. Collegian, Volume 27, Issue 6, pages 626-633, ISSN 1322-7696. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colegn.2020.09.006
Goodwin, S., & Jacobs, D. (2022, August 16). Inflation reduction act includes new funds for climate resiliency and improved indoor air quality in homes . National Center for Healthy Housing. https://nchh.org/2022/08/inflation-r...lity-in-homes/
Grinsted, A., Ditlevsen, P., & Christensen, J. H. (2019). Normalized US hurricane damage estimates using area of total destruction, 1900−2018. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116 (48), 23942–23946. doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1912277116
Guterras, Antonio. (2023). Secretary-General’s opening remarks at press conference on climate . United Nations. www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/...erence-climate
Hassan, A., & Betts, H. (2023). Maui wildfires latest: Lahaina reopens to residents. New York Times . www.nytimes.com/article/maui...es-hawaii.html
Herscher, R. (2023). This week has had several days of the hottest temperatures on record . NPR. https://www.npr.org/2023/07/05/11860...-breaking-heat
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. (2019). Polar regions. In The Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate: Special Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Chang (pp. 203–320). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009157964.005
Jo, S., Kim, Y.-J., Park, K. W., Hwang, Y. S., Lee, S. H., Kim, B. J., & Chung, S. J. (2021). Association of NO 2 and other air pollution exposures with the risk of Parkinson disease. JAMA Neurology, 78 (7), 800. doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.1335
Kuta, S. (2023). Water temperatures hit ‘hot tub’ levels in the Florida Keys. Smithsonian Magazine . www.smithsonianmag.com/smart...eys-180982610/
Lai, H., Liu, X., & Qu, M. (2022). Nanoplastics and human health: Hazard identification and biointerface. Nanomaterials, 12 (8), 1298. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12081298
Lilienfeld, E., Nicholas, P. K., Breakey, S., & Corless, I. B. (2018). Addressing climate change through a nursing lens within the framework of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Nursing Outlook , 66(5), 482-494. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2018.06.010
Lokmic-Tomkins, Z., Nayna Schwerdtle, P., & Armstrong, F. (2023). Engaging with our responsibility to protect health from climate change. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 79 (6). doi.org/10.1111/jan.15508
Lynch, E. E., Malcoe, L. H., Laurent, S. E., Richardson, J., Mitchell, B. C., & Meier, H. (2021). The legacy of structural racism: Associations between historic redlining, current mortgage lending, and health. SSM-Population Health, 14 (100793), 1–10.
Manisalidis, I., Stavropoulou, E., Stavropoulos, A., & Bezirtzoglou, E. (2020). Environmental and health impacts of air pollution: A review. Frontiers in Public Health , 8, 505570. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00014
Martin, M. A., Pugach, O., Mosnaim, G., Weinstein, S., Rosales, G., Roy, A., Pappalardo, A. A., & Walton, S. (2021). Community health worker asthma interventions for children: Results from a clinically integrated randomized comparative effectiveness trial (2016–2019). American Journal of Public Health, 111 (7), 1328–1337. doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2021.306272
McCauley, L., & Hayes, R. (2021). From Florence to fossil fuels: Nursing has always been about environmental health. Nursing Outlook , 69(5), 720–731. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2021.06.007
National Aeronautics and Space Administration. (2020). Annual 2020 global climate report . https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/mon...global/202013#
National Aeronautics and Space Administration. (2023). Ocean heat content . NASA global climate change. https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/ocean-warming
National Center for Healthy Housing. (2023). The principles of a healthy home . https://nchh.org/information-and-evi...es-principles/
National Integrated Drought Information System. (2023). Wildfire management . Drought.gov. https://www.drought.gov/sectors/wildfire-management
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. (2017, September 16–30). Hurricane Maria (AL152017). National Hurricane Center Tropical Cyclone Report . https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL152017_Maria.pdf
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. (2023a, January 18). Climate change: Global temperature. www.climate.gov/news-feature...l-temperature#
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. (2023b, January 20). How does climate change affect coral reefs? https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/...f-climate.html
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. (2023c, August 14). Record shattering: Earth had its hottest July in 174 years . https://www.noaa.gov/news/record-sha...y-in-174-years
National Weather Service. (2019, October 9). Hurricane Michael 2018 . https://www.weather.gov/tae/HurricaneMichael2018
NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. (2023, July 14). Global climate summary for June 2023 . Climate.gov. www.climate.gov/news-feature...mary-june-2023
Ostrander, M. (2022, July 23). The era of climate change has created a new emotion. The Atlantic . https://www.theatlantic.com/science/...talgia/670614/
Our World in Data. (n.d.). Life expectancy, 1880 to 2021. ourworldindata.org/grapher/l...A®ion=World
Paranzino, G. K., Butterfield, P., Nastoff, T., & Ranger, C. (2005). I PREPARE: development and clinical utility of an environmental exposure history mnemonic. AAOHN Journal: Official Journal of the American Association of Occupational Health Nurses, 53 (1), 37–42.
Pfleiderer, P., Nath, S., & Schleussner, C.-F. (2022). Extreme Atlantic hurricane seasons made twice as likely by ocean warming. Weather and Climate Dynamics, 3 (2), 471–482. https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-3-471-2022
Rogers-Bennett, L., & Catton, C. A. (2019). Marine heat wave and multiple stressors tip bull kelp forest to sea urchin barrens. Scientific Reports, 9 (1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-51114-y
Romanello, M., Di Napoli, C., Drummond, P., Green, C., Kennard, H., Lampard, P., Scamman, D., Arnell, N., Ayeb-Karlsson, S., Ford, L. B., Belesova, K., Bowen, K., Cai, W., Callaghan, M., Campbell-Lendrum, D., Chambers, J., Van Daalen, K. R., Dalin, C., Dasandi, N., . . . Costello, A. (2022). The 2022 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: Health at the mercy of fossil fuels. The Lancet, 400 (10363), 1619–1654. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(22)01540-9
Salvador Costa, M. J., Melo, P., Azeiteiro, U., Carvalho, S., & Ryan, R. (2023). Nursing interventions to reduce health risks from climate change impact in urban areas: A scoping review protocol. Nursing Reports, 13 , 496–505. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3...ursrep13010045
Sheahan, M., Gould, C., Neumann, J. E., Kinney, P., Hoffman, S., Fant, C., Wang, X., & Kolian, M. (2022). Examining the relationship between climate change and vibriosis in the United States: Projected health and economic impacts for the 21st century. Environmental Health Perspectives, 130 (8), 1–13. ehp.niehs.nih.gov/doi/full/10.1289/EHP9999a
Suran, M. (2022). GAO calls for nationwide analysis of “forever chemicals.” JAMA, 328 (20), 2002. doi.org/10.1001/jama.2022.18482
Trevisan, R., Uzochukwu, D., & Di Giulio, R. T. (2020). PAH sorption to nanoplastics and the Trojan horse effect as drivers of mitochondrial toxicity and PAH localization in zebrafish. Frontiers in Environmental Science , 8, 540362. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2020.00078
United Nations. (2015). Key aspects of the Paris Agreement. https://unfccc.int/most-requested/ke...aris-agreement
United States Consumer Product Safety Commission. (n.d.). Asbestos in the home . https://www.cpsc.gov/safety-educatio.../asbestos-home
U.S. Department of Energy. (2023). What is environmental justice? www.energy.gov/lm/what-environmental-justice
U.S. Global Change Research Program. (2016). The impacts of climate change on human health in the United States: A scientific assessment. (A. Crimmins, J. Balbus, J. L. Gamble, C. B. Beard, J. E. Bell, D. Dodgen, R. J. Eisen, N. Fann, M. D. Hawkins, S. C. Herring, L. Jantarasami, D. M. Mills, S. Saha, M. C. Sarofim, J. Trtanj, & L. Ziska, Eds.). https://health2016.globalchange.gov/...port_small.pdf
U.S. Global Change Research Program. (2018). Impacts, risks, and adaptation in the United States: Fourth national climate assessment, Volume II . (D. R. Reidmiller, C. W. Avery, D. R. Easterling, K. E. Kunkel, K. L. M. Lewis, T. K. Maycock, and B. C. Stewart, Eds.). https://nca2018.globalchange.gov/dow...FullReport.pdf
U.S. Government Accountability Office. (2022). Persistent chemicals: EPA should use new data to analyze the demographics of communities with PFAS in their drinking water . https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-22-105135
Wade, R. (2023). Climate change and healthcare: Creating a sustainable and climate-resilient health delivery system. Journal of Healthcare Management, 68 (4), 227–238. doi.org/10.1097/JHM-D-23-00096
Western Fire Chiefs Association. (2023, August 22). Deadliest wildfires in U.S. history . https://wfca.com/articles/deadliest-...in-us-history/
World Health Organization. (2023a). Environmental health. https://www.who.int/health-topics/en...alth#tab=tab_1
World Health Organization. (2023b). Climate change. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-s...ge-and-health#
World Meteorological Organization. (2023). State of the global climate 2022 . library.wmo.int/doc_num.php?explnum_id=11593
Wylie, B. & Malits, J. (2022). Beware of “forever chemicals.” Well Woman, 66 (7). https://www.proquest.com/openview/e2...olar&cbl=48920
Yee, M. S.-L., Hii, L.-W., Looi, C. K., Lim, W.-M., Wong, S.-F., Kok, Y.-Y., Tan, B.-K., Wong, C.-Y., & Leong, C.-O. (2021). Impact of microplastics and nanoplastics on human health. Nanomaterials, 11 (2), 496. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11020496
Airports Council International. (2023). ACI airport health accreditation . https://aci.aero/programs-and-servic...ation-program/
American Association of Colleges of Nursing. (2021). The essentials: Core competencies for professional nursing education . https://www.aacnnursing.org/Portals/...tials-2021.pdf
American Nurses Association. (n.d.). Advocacy . https://www.nursingworld.org/practic...licy/advocacy/
American Nurses Association. (2015). View the code of ethics for nurses with interpretive statements. https://www.nursingworld.org/practic...cs-for-nurses/
American Public Health Association. (2022). About public health nursing. https://www.apha.org/apha-communitie...ing/who-we-are
Austin Public Health. (2023). My faith community . https://www.healthyplaceshealthypeop...ith-community/
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2017). Fact sheet: Talking about fall prevention with your patients. www.cdc.gov/steadi/pdf/Talki...ents-print.pdf
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019a, May 2). About CDC healthy schools . www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/about.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019b, March 27). Standards for Health Education. www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/s...ards/index.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019c, September 24). Virtual healthy school. www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/f...thy_school.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022). Correctional health is community health . www.cdc.gov/correctionalhealth/default.htm
Churchwell, K., Elkind, M. S. V., Benjamin, R. M., Carson, A. P., Change, E. K., Lawrence, W., Mills, A., Odom, T. M., Rodriguez., C. J., Rodriguez, F., Sanchez, E., Sharrief, A. Z., Sims, M., & Williams, O. (2020, November 10). Call to action: Structural racism as a fundamental driver of health disparities: A presidential advisory from the American Heart Association. Circulation, 142 (24), e454–e468. doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000936
Community Health Coalition. (2023). About Community Health Coalition . https://www.chealthc.org/about
Freitas, Â., Rodrigues, T. C., & Santana, P. (2020). Assessing Urban Health Inequities through a Multidimensional and Participatory Framework: Evidence from the EURO-HEALTHY Project. Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 97(6), 857–875. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11524-020-00471-5
Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society. (2020, November 30). Social determinants of health: Breaking down the barriers . www.himss.org/resources/soci...-down-barriers
House of Commons. (2022, September 5). The future of coastal communities. commonslibrary.parliament.uk...cdp-2022-0153/
International Council of Nurses. (2021). The ICN code of ethics for nurses. https://www.icn.ch/sites/default/fil...ics_EN_Web.pdf
Iriarte-Roteta, A., Lopez-Dicastillo, O., Mujika, A., Ruiz-Zaldibar, C., Hernantes, N., Bermejo-Martins, E., & Pumar-Mendez, M. J. (2020). Nurses’ role in health promotion and prevention: A critical interpretive synthesis. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 29 (21–22), 3937–3949. doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15441
Kisling, L. A., & Das, J. M. (2023, August 1). Prevention strategies. In StatPearls . StatPearls Publishing. Retrieved February 4, 2023 from www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537222/
Kokko, S., & Baybutt, M. (2022). Handbook of settings-based health promotion . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95856-5
Kwon, S. C., Choy, C., Zanowiak, J., Rideout, C., Yi, S., Wyatt, L., Gardia-Dia, M. J., Kim, S. S., Denholm, T. K., Kavethe, R., & Islam, N. S. (2017). Implementing health promotion activities using community-engaged approaches in Asian American faith-based organizations in New York City and New Jersey. Translational Behavioral Medicine, 7 (3), 444–466. doi.10.1007/s13142-017-0506-0
Meals on Wheels America. (2021). Learn more . https://www.mealsonwheelsamerica.org...-more/national
National Cancer Institute. (2005). Theory at a glance: A guide for health promotion practice (2nd ed.). National Institutes of Health. https://cancercontrol.cancer.gov/sit...-06/theory.pdf
National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2023, May 8). Chronic disease . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/index.htm
Ohkubo, S., Limaye, R., & Harlan, S. (2015). K4Health theory primer: Diffusion of innovations . Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00M9RG.pdf
Oxford Reference. (2023). Intersectoral action. www.oxfordreference.com/disp...7AB78123F10420
Platt, J. M., Keyes, K. M., & Galea, S. (2017). Efficiency or equity? Simulating the impact of high-risk and population intervention strategies for the prevention of disease. SSM Population Health, 3 , 1–8. www.sciencedirect.com/scienc...434?via%3Dihub
Rejeski, W. J., & Fanning, J. (2019). Models and theories of health behavior and clinical interventions in aging: A contemporary, integrative approach. Clinical Interventions in Aging, 14 , 1007–1019. doi.10.2147/CIA.S206974
Rogers, H. L., Herbando, S. P., Núñez-Fernández, S., Sanchez, A., Martos, C., Moreno, M., & Grandes, G. (2021). Barriers and facilitators in the implementation of an evidence-based health promotion intervention in a primary care setting: A qualitative study. Journal of Health Organization and Management, 35 (9), 349–367. doi.10.1108/JHOM-12-2020-0512
Rose, G. A. (1992). Roses’s strategy of preventive medicine . Oxford University Press.
Rural Health Information Hub. (2022). LIFE: Living well through intergenerational fitness and exercise. www.ruralhealthinfo.org/project-examples/774
Tomalin, E., Sadgrove, J., & Summers, R. (2019). Health, faith, and therapeutic landscapes: Places of worship as Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) public health settings in the United Kingdom . Social Science & Medicine, 230 , 57–65. www.sciencedirect.com/scienc...42X?via%3Dihub
The University of Alabama at Birmingham. (2023). Health promoting university . https://www.uab.edu/health-promoting-university/
The University of Kansas. (2023). Chapter 2. Section 2. Precede/proceed . Community Tool Box. https://ctb.ku.edu/en/table-contents...-proceder/main
University of Michigan. (2023). Thrive! stress management resources. Human resources. https://hr.umich.edu/benefits-wellne...gement-program
U.S. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. (n.d). Preventive services. https://www.healthcare.gov/glossary/...tive-services/
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (n.d.-a). Healthy People 2030 framework . Healthy People 2030. https://health.gov/healthypeople/abo...2030-framework
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (n.d.-b). Social determinants of health. Healthy People 2030. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...minants-health
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2021, July 7). Health literacy. National Institutes of Health. https://www.nih.gov/institutes-nih/n...ealth-literacy
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2022, September 26). Undiagnosed hypertension. Million Hearts. https://millionhearts.hhs.gov/about-...rtension.html#
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. (2021, May). U.S. Preventive Services Task Force procedure manual. https://www.uspreventiveservicestask...anual-2022.pdf
Walker, S. N., Sechrist, K. R., & Pender, N. J. (1995). Psychometric evaluation of the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II [unpublished manuscript]. University of Michigan Library. https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/handle/2027.42/85349
Weintraub, W. S., Daniels, S. R., Burke, L. E., Franklin, B. A., Goff, D. C, Jr., Hayman, L. L., Lloyd-Jones, D., Pandey, D. K., Sanchez, E. J., Schram, A. P., Whitsel, L. P., American Heart Association Advocacy Coordinating Committee, Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, Council on the Kidney in Cardiovascular Disease, Council on Epidemiology and Prevention, Council on Cardiovascular Nursing, Council on Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, … & Stroke Council. (2011, August 23). Value of primordial and primary prevention for cardiovascular disease. A policy statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation, 124 (8), 967–990. doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0b013e3182285a81
Wilson, A., Barnett, P., Rowbotham, S., & Wutzke, S. (2017, March 30). High risk prevention strategies. Oxford Bibliographies: Public Health. https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com...56797-0159.xml
Woodall, J., & Freeman, C. (2019). Promoting health and well-being in prisons: An analysis of one year’s prison inspection reports. Critical Public Health, 30 (5), 555–566. doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2019.1612516
Woodard, N., Williams, R. M., Fryer, C. S., Wang, M. Q., Zhang, J., & Knott, C. L. (2020). Correlates of health promotion in a community sample of African American churches. Journal of Community Health, 45 (4), 828–835. https://link.springer.com/article/10...00-020-00799-8
World Health Organization. (1986). Ottawa charter for health promotion, 1986. apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/349652
World Health Organization. (2021a). Global strategy on digital health 2020-2025. https://www.who.int/docs/default-sou...ca799dce4d.pdf
World Health Organization. (2021b). Health promotion glossary of terms 2021. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240038349
World Health Organization. (2023a). The 1st International Conference on Health Promotion, Ottawa, 1986. https://www.who.int/teams/health-pro...bal-conference
World Health Organization. (2023b, February 10). WHO kicks off deliberations on ethical framework and tools for social listening and infodemic management . https://www.who.int/news/item/10-02-...mic-management
World Health Organization. Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean. (2023). About us. www.emro.who.int/about-who/p...revention.html
Zajacova, A., & Lawrence, E. M. (2018). The relationship between education and health: Reducing disparities through a contextual approach. Annual Reviews of Public Health, 39 , 273–289. doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publ...-031816-044628
Adhikari, B., Pell, C., & Cheah, P. Y. (2020). Community engagement and ethical global health research. Global Bioethics , 31 (1), 1–12. doi.org/10.1080/11287462.2019.1703504
Albalawi, Y., & Sixsmith, J. (2015). Agenda setting for health promotion: Exploring an adapted model for the social media era. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance , 1 (2), e21. https://doi.org/10.2196/publichealth.5014
American Psychological Association. (2009). Civic engagement . Undergraduate Education. https://www.apa.org/education-career...vic-engagement
Behm, B., Tevendale, H., Carrigan, S., Stone, C., Morris, K., & Rosenthal, J. (2022). A national communication effort addressing maternal mortality in the United States: Implementation of the Hear Her campaign. Journal of Women’s Health , 31 (12), 1677–1685. doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2022.0428
Bekkers, V., Moody, R., & Edwards, A. (2011). Micro-mobilization, social media and coping strategies: Some Dutch experiences. Policy & Internet , 3 (4), 1–29. doi.org/10.2202/1944-2866.1061
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2010). Action step 4: Gather data. In Community Health Assessment and Group Evaluation (CHANGE) action guide: Building a foundation of knowledge to prioritize community health needs (pp. 13–18). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dch/prog...ctionguide.pdf
Chandra, A., Acosta, J., Carman, K. G., Dubowitz, T., Leviton, L., Martin, L. T., Miller, C., Nelson, C., Orleans, T., Tait, M., Trujillo, M., Towe, V., Yeung, D., & Plough, A. L. (2017). Building a national culture of health: Background, action framework, measures, and next steps. Rand Health Quarterly , 6 (2), 3. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28845341
Chandra, A., Miller, C. E., Acosta, J. D., Weilant, S., Trujillo, M., & Plough, A. (2016). Drivers of health as a shared value: Mindset, expectations, sense of community, and civic engagement. Health Affairs , 35 (11), 1959–1963. doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2016.0603
Chisholm, E., & O’Sullivan, K. (2017). Using Twitter to explore (un)healthy housing: Learning from the #characterbuildings campaign in New Zealand. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health , 14 (11), 1424. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14111424
Dubowitz, T., Orleans, T., Nelson, C., May, L. W., Sloan, J. C., & Chandra, A. (2016). Creating healthier, more equitable communities by improving governance and policy. Health Affairs , 35 (11), 1970–1975. doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2016.0608
Fontenot, J., & McMurray, P. (2020). Decolonizing entry to practice: Reconceptualizing methods to facilitate diversity in nursing programs. Teaching and Learning in Nursing , 15 (4), 272–279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.teln.2020.07.002
Gordon, M. (1982). Nursing diagnosis: Process and application . McGraw-Hill.
Haldane, V., Chuah, F. L. H., Srivastava, A., Singh, S. R., Koh, G. C. H., Seng, C. K., & Legido-Quigley, H. (2019). Community participation in health services development, implementation, and evaluation: A systematic review of empowerment, health, community, and process outcomes. PLOS ONE , 14 (5), e0216112. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0216112
Hefler, M., Freeman, B., & Chapman, S. (2013). Tobacco control advocacy in the age of social media: Using Facebook, Twitter, and Change. Tobacco Control , 22 (3), 210–214. https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2012-050721
Jackson, M., Brennan, L., & Parker, L. (2021). The public health community’s use of social media for policy advocacy: A scoping review and suggestions to advance the field. Public Health , 198 , 146–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2021.07.015
Kimani, R. W. (2023). Racism, colonialism, and the implications for nursing scholarship: A discussion paper. Journal of Advanced Nursing , 79 (5), 1745–1753. doi.org/10.1111/jan.15634
Kriegler, N. F., & Harton, M. K. (1992). Community Health Assessment Tool: A patterns approach to data collection and diagnosis. Journal of Community Health Nursing , 9 (4), 229–234. doi.org/10.1207/s15327655jchn0904_4
Li, Y., & Pagán, J. A. (2016, October 17). The Culture of Health Action Framework and systems science: Opportunities and challenges. Health Affairs . doi.org/10.1377/forefront.20161017.057073
Lin, C. Y., Loyola-Sanchez, A., Boyling, E., & Barnabe, C. (2020). Community engagement approaches for Indigenous health research: Recommendations based on an integrative review. BMJ Open , 10 (11), e039736. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039736
Lotfi, M., Zamanzadeh, V., Valizadeh, L., Khajehgoodari, M., Ebrahimpour Rezaei, M., & Khalilzad, M. A. (2020). The implementation of the nursing process in lower‐income countries: An integrative review. Nursing Open , 7 (1), 42–57. doi.org/10.1002/nop2.410
Martin, L. T., Plough, A., Carman, K. G., Leviton, L., Bogdan, O., & Miller, C. E. (2016). Strengthening integration of health services and systems. Health Affairs , 35 (11), 1976–1981. doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2016.0605
McCreedy, D., Maryboy, N., Litts, B., Streit, T., & Jafri, J. (2018). What does working “with” (not “for”) our communities look like? National Science Foundation, Center for Advancement of Informal Science Education. www.informalscience.org/site...ommunities.pdf
Peuchaud, S. (2014). Social media activism and Egyptians’ use of social media to combat sexual violence: An HiAP case study. Health Promotion International , 29 (suppl. 1), i113–i120. doi.org/10.1093/heapro/dau046
Quinn, B. L., El Ghaziri, M., & Knight, M. (2019). Incorporating social justice, community partnerships, and student engagement in community health nursing courses. Teaching and Learning in Nursing , 14 (3), 183–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.teln.2019.02.006
Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. (n.d.-a). Our history and founder . About RWJF. https://www.rwjf.org/en/about-rwjf/o...r-history.html
Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. (n.d.-b). Why build a culture of health? https://www.rwjf.org/en/building-a-c...th-equity.html
Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. (2018). Putting the Culture of Health Action Framework to use . https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/COH...eworktoUse.pdf
Tan, M. L., Vlahov, D., Hagan, E., Glymour, M. M., Gottlieb, L. M., Matthay, E. C., & Adler, N. E. (2019). Building the evidence on Making Health a Shared Value: Insights and considerations for research. SSM - Population Health , 9 , 100474. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2019.100474
Thornton, L. (2019). A brief history and overview of holistic nursing. Integrative Medicine: A Clinician’s Journal , 18 (4), 32–33. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32549829
Towe, V. L., Leviton, L., Chandra, A., Sloan, J. C., Tait, M., & Orleans, T. (2016). Cross-sector collaborations and partnerships: Essential ingredients to help shape health and well-being. Health Affairs , 35 (11), 1964–1969. doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2016.0604
Wagoro, M. C. A., & Rakuom, C. P. (2015). Mainstreaming Kenya-Nursing Process in clinical settings: The case of Kenya. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences , 3 , 31–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijans.2015.07.002
Wray‐Lake, L., & Abrams, L. S. (2020). Pathways to civic engagement among urban youth of color. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development , 85 (2), 7–154. doi.org/10.1111/mono.12415
Xue, Y., Kannan, V., Greener, E., Smith, J. A., Brasch, J., Johnson, B. A., & Spetz, J. (2018). Full scope-of-practice regulation is associated with higher supply of nurse practitioners in rural and primary care health professional shortage counties. Journal of Nursing Regulation , 8 (4), 5–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2155-8256(17)30176-X
Zhang, D., Son, H., Shen, Y., Chen, Z., Rajbhandari-Thapa, J., Li, Y., Eom, H., Bu, D., Mu, L., Li, G., & Pagán, J. A. (2020). Assessment of changes in rural and urban primary care workforce in the United States from 2009 to 2017. JAMA Network Open , 3 (10), e2022914. doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.22914
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (2020). AHRQ Health Literacy Universal Precautions toolkit. https://www.ahrq.gov/health-literacy...ons/index.html
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. (2023). ATSDR Action Model . www.atsdr.cdc.gov/sites/brow...lds/model.html
American Hospital Association. (2017). Association for Community Health Improvement, Community Health Assessment toolkit. Healthy Communities. https://www.healthycommunities.org/r...ssment-toolkit
Berkman, N. D., Sheridan, S. L., Donahue, K. E., Halpern, D. J., Viera, A., Crotty, K., Holland, A., Brasure, M., Lohr, K. N., Harden, E., Tant, E., Wallace, I., & Viswanathan, M. (2011). Health literacy interventions and outcomes: An updated systematic review . Evidence Report/Technology Assessment, 199. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Boston University. (2023). Health Literacy Tool Shed: A database of health literacy measures . http://healthliteracy.bu.edu/
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2010). Community Health Assessment aNd Group Evaluation (CHANGE) action guide: Building a foundation of knowledge to prioritize community needs . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dch/prog...ctionguide.pdf
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019). GIS and public health at CDC . www.cdc.gov/gis/index.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022). Health literacy: Plain language materials and resources . www.cdc.gov/healthliteracy/d...nlanguage.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023). Community health assessment & health improvement planning: Assessment & planning models, frameworks & tools. www.cdc.gov/publichealthgate...ssessment.html
Couillard, B. K., Foote, C. L., Gandhi, K., Meara, E., & Skinner, J. (2021). Rising geographic disparities in U.S. mortality. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 35 (4), 123–146. DOI: 10.1257/jep.35.4.123
Davis-Ajami, M. L., Costa, L., & Kulik, S. (2014). Gap analysis: Synergies and opportunities for effective nursing leadership. Nursing Economics, 32 (1), 17–25.
Hollar, D. W. (2016). Evaluating the interface of health data and policy: Applications of geospatial analysis to county-level national data. Children’s Health Care, 45 (3), 266–285. doi.org/10.1080/02739615.2014.996884
Lhachimi, S. K., Bala, M. M., & Vanagas, G. (2016). Evidence-based public health. BioMed Research International , 2016 . doi.org/10.1155/2016/5681409
National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO). (2016). National public health performance standards: Glossary. https://www.naccho.org/uploads/downl...e/Glossary.pdf
National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO). (2020). MAPP evaluation blueprint executive summary . https://www.naccho.org/uploads/full-...y-V3-FINAL.pdf
National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO). (2023). Mobilizing for Action through Planning and Partnerships (MAPP) . www.naccho.org/programs/publ...ssessment/mapp
National Cancer Institute. (2005). Theory at a glance: A guide for health promotion practice (2nd ed.). National Institutes of Health. https://cancercontrol.cancer.gov/sit...-06/theory.pdf
Nutbeam, D. & Muscat, D. M. (2020). Advancing health literacy interventions. In R. A. Logan & E. R. Siegel (Eds.), Health literacy in clinical practice and public health (pp. 115–127). IOS Press. doi:10.3233/SHTI200026
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2021). Health literacy in Healthy People 2030 . https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...hy-people-2030
Ohio Department of Health. (2023). OHYES! Ohio Youth Surveys . ohyes.ohio.gov/
Pedigo, A., Aldrick, T., & Odoi, A. (2011). Neighborhood disparities in stroke and myocardial infarction mortality: A GIS and spatial scan statistics approach. BMC Public Health, 11 (644). https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-11-644
Porter, C. M. (2016). Revisiting Precede–Proceed: A leading model for ecological and ethical health promotion. Health Education Journal , 75 (6), 753–764. doi.org/10.1177/0017896915619645
Public Health Accreditation Board (PHAB). (2022). Standards and measures for reaccreditation, Version 2022. https://phaboard.org/wp-content/uplo...reditation.pdf
Rudd, R. E., Oelschlegel, S., Grabeel, K. L., Tester, E., & Heidel, E. (2019) HLE2: The Health Literacy Environment of Hospitals and Health Centers . Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health. cdn1.sph.harvard.edu/wp-cont...nt2_Locked.pdf
Santana, S., Brach, C., Harris, L., Ochiai, E., Blakey, C., Bevington, F., Kleinman, D., & Pronk, N. (2021). Updating health literacy for Healthy People 2030: Defining its importance for a new decade in public health. Journal of Public Health Management and Practice, 27 (6), S258–S264. doi:10.1097/PHH.0000000000001324
Schmidt, E. (2022). Reading the numbers: 130 million American adults have low literacy skills, but funding differs drastically by state . American Public Media. https://www.apmresearchlab.org/10x-adult-literacy
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response. (2023). Declarations of a public health emergency . aspr.hhs.gov/legal/PHE/Pages/default.aspx
Akrami, F., Zali, A., Abbasi, M., Majdzadeh, R., Karimi, A., Fadavi, M., & Bahar, A. M. (2018). An ethical framework for evaluation of public health plans: A systematic process for legitimate and fair decision making. Public Health, 164 , 30–38. https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.puhe.2018.07.018
American Public Health Association. (APHA). (2019). Public health code of ethics . https://www.apha.org/-/media/files/p...of_ethics.ashx
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (CDC). (2013). Program planning: Participant workbook. www.cdc.gov/globalhealth/hea...l_09252013.pdf
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (CDC). (2019). NCHHSTP social determinants of health: Frequently asked questions . www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/socialde...ants/faq.html#
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (CDC). (2021). A guide for using incentives to enroll and retain participants in the National Diabetes Prevention Program Lifestyle Change Program. nccdphp.my.salesforce.com/sfc/p/#t
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (CDC). (2023). Program Performance and Evaluation Office (PPEO) . www.cdc.gov/evaluation/
Dahlgren, G. (1995). The need for intersectional action for health. In P. Harrington & A. Ritsatakis (Eds.), European Health Policy Conference: Opportunities for the Future, Copenhagen 5-9 December 1994 Volume II. The policy framework to meet the challenges—Intersectoral action for health . Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe.
De Lew, N., & Sommers, B. D. (2022). Addressing social determinants of health in federal programs. JAMA Health Forum, 3 (3), e221064. doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2022.1064
Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention (DHDSP). (2018). Evaluation Briefs: Writing SMART objectives. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. www.cdc.gov/tb/programs/eval..._objective.pdf
Dozier, A., Hacker, K., Silberberg, M., & Ziegan, L. (2015). The value of social networking in community engagement. In Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (Eds.), Principles of community engagement (pp. 151–160). www.atsdr.cdc.gov/communitye...ial_intro.html
Fernandez, M. E., Ruiter, R. A., Markham, C. M., & Kok, G. (2019). Intervention mapping: Theory- and evidence-based health promotion program planning: Perspectives and examples. Frontiers in Public Health, 7 (209). doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2019.00209
Healthy Places by Design. (2016). Communities in action: New Orleans, LA. https://healthyplacesbydesign.org/co...ew-orleans-la/
Hood, C. M., Gennuso, K. P., Swain, G. R., & Catlin, B. B. (2016). County health rankings: Relationship between determinant factors and health outcomes. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 50 (2), 129–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2015.08.024 .
Hunsicker, J. (2020). Evaluation of the Kenton Hardin County Family Bike Program [Doctoral dissertation, Case Western Reserve University]. OhioLINK. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?a...71153144525499
Issel, L. M., & Wells, R. (2018). Health program planning and evaluation: A practical systematic approach for community health (4th ed.). Jones & Bartlett.
John Snow, Inc. (JSI). (2014). Engaging your community: A toolkit for partnership, collaboration, and action. publications.jsi.com/JSIInte...id=14333&lid=3
NC Farmworker Health Program, Office of Rural Health (NCFHP). (2023). NC Farmworker Heath Program. https://ncfhp.ncdhhs.gov/
Porter, C. M. (2016). Revisiting Precede-Proceed: A leading model for ecological and ethical health promotion. Health Education Journal, 75 (6), 753764. doi: 10.1177/0017896915619645
Public Health Accreditation Board. (PHAB). (2022). Acronyms & glossary of terms . https://phaboard.org/wp-content/uplo...y-of-Terms.pdf
Sharma, A. (2023). Effective methods to improve team dynamics and employee behaviors . Adaface. https://www.adaface.com/blog/team-dynamics/
Society for Public Health Education. (SOPHE). (2016). Coalition guide resource . https://www.sophe.org/wp-content/upl...urce-Guide.pdf
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (SAMHSA). (2018). Setting goals and developing specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound objectives. https://www.samhsa.gov/sites/default...fact-sheet.pdf
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). (n.d.). Social determinant of health . Healthy People 2030. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...minants-health
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (HHS). (2001). Planned approach to community health: Guide for the local coordinator . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.sophe.org/wp-content/upl...CH-a-guide.pdf
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. (HUD). (2012). Community involvement in program planning. https://www.hud.gov/sites/documents/..._FINAL_CH2.PDF
Walsh, L., Hyett, N., Juniper, N., Li, C., Rodier, S., & Hill, S. (2021). The use of social media as a tool for stakeholder engagement in health service design and quality improvement: A scoping review. Digital Health, 7 , 1–28. doi.org/10.1177/2055207621996870
Whitman, A., De Lew, N., Chappel, A., Aysola, V., Zuckerman, R., & Sommers, B. D. (2022). Addressing social determinants of health: Examples of successful evidence-based strategies and current efforts. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Health Policy. aspe.hhs.gov/sites/default/f...nce-Review.pdf
W. K. Kellogg Foundation. (2004). Logic model development guide . https://www.naccho.org/uploads/downl...122_162808.pdf
World Health Organization & UNICEF. (2020). Integrating stakeholder and community engagement in quality of care initiatives for maternal, newborn, and child health . The Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child, and Adolescent Health. https://www.qualityofcarenetwork.org...-strengthening
Zhang, W. J., & Fornili, K. (2023). Screening for social determinants of health among Medicare beneficiaries in primary care during the COVID-19 pandemic in Prince George’s County, Maryland. Journal of Community Health, 48 , 903–911. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-023-01236-2
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (2023). TeamSTEPPS . https://www.ahrq.gov/teamstepps/inst...cketguide.html
Ahmad, N. A., Abd Rauf, M. F., Mohd Zaid, N. N., Zainal, A., Tengku Shahdan, T. S., & Abdul Razak, F. H. (2022). Effectiveness of instructional strategies designed for older adults in learning digital technologies: A systematic literature review. SN Computer Science , 3 (2), 130. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-022-01016-0
American Public Health Association. (2023). What is public health? https://www.apha.org/what-is-public-health
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022a). Drug-free communities coalitions . www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/dru...oalitions.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022b). HEAR HER campaign . www.cdc.gov/hearher/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023a). 10 Essential Public Health Services. www.cdc.gov/publichealthgate...hservices.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023b). High blood pressure. www.cdc.gov/bloodpressure/measure.htm
D’souza, F., Shah, S., Oki, O., Scrivens, L. & Guckian, J. (2021). Social media: Medical education’s double-edged sword. Future Healthcare Journal 8 (2), 307–310. www.rcpjournals.org/content/.../e307.full.pdf
National Institute of Mental Health. (2023). The teen brain: 7 things to know. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publ...things-to-know
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2021). Health literacy and health equity: Connecting the dots . https://health.gov/news/202110/healt...onnecting-dots
Rodziewicz, T. L, Houseman, B., & Hipskind, J. E. (2023). Medical error reduction and prevention . StatPearls. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499956/
Rural Health Information Hub. (2023). Health education. https://www.ruralhealthinfo.org/tool...alth-education
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2019). Health literacy reports and publications . www.hhs.gov/surgeongeneral/r...acy/index.html
Virginia Commonwealth University. (2022). Why education matters to health: Exploring the causes. https://societyhealth.vcu.edu/work/t...html#gsc.tab=0
World Health Organization. (2023). Health promotion and disease prevention through population-based interventions, including action to address social determinants and health inequity. www.emro.who.int/about-who/p...revention.html
Barnes-Proby, D., Shcults, D., Jaycox, L. H., & Ayer, L. (2017). A RAND toolkit: Five strategies for successful recruitment and retention of children and families in human service programs. RAND Corporation. www.rand.org/content/dam/ran...RAND_TL242.pdf
Carter, N., Corey, M., & O’Brien, C. (2016). Integrating community health workers in Ohio’s health care teams. UHCAN Ohio. https://www.chcf.org/wp-content/uplo...hCareTeams.pdf
Center for Rural Health. (2023). Creating a communication plan. University of North Dakota School of Medicine & Health Sciences. https://ruralhealth.und.edu/communication/plan
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (1999). Framework for program evaluation in public health. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 48 . www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/rr/rr4811.pdf
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2011). Developing an effective evaluation plan . www.cdc.gov/obesity/download...rkbook-508.pdf
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2012). Introduction to program evaluation for public health programs: A self-study guide. www.cdc.gov/evaluation/guide...tion/index.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2014). Types of evaluation. www.cdc.gov/std/program/pupe...evaluation.pdf
Cooper, J., Murphy, J., Woods, C., Van Nassau, F., McGrath, A., Callaghan, D., Carroll, P., Kelly, P., Murphy, N., Murphy, M., & Irish Physical Activity Research Collaboration. (2021). Barriers and facilitators to implementing community-based physical activity interventions: A qualitative systematic review. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 18 (118). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-021-01177-w
Fernandez, M. E., Damschroder, L., & Balasubramanian, B. (2022). Understanding barriers and facilitators for implementation across settings. In B. J. Weiner, C. C. Lewis, & K. Sherr (Eds.), Practical implementation science: Moving evidence into action . Springer Publishing. DOI: 10.1891/9780826186935
Georgia Health Policy Center. (2011). Bringing the future into focus: A step-by-step sustainability planning workbook. https://www.ruralhealthinfo.org/sust...g-workbook.pdf
Georgia Health Policy Center. (2020). The DNA of program sustainability: Findings from a study of federal office of rural health policy grantees . ghpc.gsu.edu/download/the-dn...licy-grantees/
Hull, K. J., Suellentrop, K., & Rios Villacorta, N. (2022). Recruitment and retention . Administration on Children, Youth and Families, Family and Youth Services Bureau. https://teenpregnancy.acf.hhs.gov/si...dRetention.pdf
Hunsicker, J. (2020). Evaluation of the Kenton Hardin County Family Bike Program [Doctoral dissertation, Case Western Reserve University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?a...71153144525499
Issel, L. M. & Wells, R. (2018). Health program planning and evaluation: A practical systematic approach for community health (4th ed.). Jones & Bartlett.
Krebs, F., Lorenz, L., Nawabi, F., Luck, I., Bau, A-M., Alavli, A., & Stock, S. (2021). Recruitment in health services research: A student on facilitators and barriers for recruitment of community-based healthcare providers. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health , 18 (10521). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910521
Mathieson, A., Grande, G., & Luker, K. (2019). Strategies, facilitators and barriers to implementation of evidence-based practice in community nursing: A systematic mixed-studies review and qualitative synthesis. Primary Health Care Research & Development, 20 (e6). DOI: 10.1017/S1463423618000488
National Archives. (2023). Top 10 principles for plain language . https://www.archives.gov/open/plain-...rinciples.html
Ontario Agency for Health Protection and Promotion (Public Health Ontario), Snelling, S., & Meserve, A. (2016). Evaluating health promotion programs: Introductory workbook . Queens Printer for Ontario. ISBN: 978-14606-8317-0
Prevention First. (2022). Delivering culturally response prevention services professional development resource guide . https://www.prevention.org/Resources...22%20FINAL.pdf
Rural Health Information Hub. (2018a). Health communication . https://www.ruralhealthinfo.org/tool...-communication
Rural Health Information Hub. (2018b). Recruiting and retaining program participants. https://www.ruralhealthinfo.org/tool...nd-maintaining
Rural Health Information Hub. (2022). Module 5: Planning for funding and sustainability . https://www.ruralhealthinfo.org/tool...ility-planning
Smith, N. M. & Wallace, A. D. (n.d.). Plain English: At a glance . U.S. General Services Administration. https://www.plainlanguage.gov/resour...s/at-a-glance/
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2014). Making health communication programs work . https://www.cancer.gov/publications/.../pink-book.pdf
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. (2012). Program sustainability. In U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Healthy Homes and Lead Hazard Control (Eds.), Healthy Homes Program guidance manual (pp 157–172) . https://www.hud.gov/sites/documents/..._FINAL_CH7.PDF
W. K. Kellogg Foundation. (2004). Logic model development guide . https://www.naccho.org/uploads/downl...122_162808.pdf
Adhikari, B., & Mishra, S. R. (2019). Culture and epidemiology of diabetes in South Asia. Journal of Global Health , 9 (2), 020301. https://doi.org/10.7189/jogh.09.020301
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (2020). Consider culture, customs, and beliefs: Tool 10. In AHRQ health literacy universal precautions toolkit (2nd ed.). https://www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/f...it2_tool10.pdf
Auguste, E., & Rasmussen, A. (2019). Vodou’s role in Haitian mental health. Global Mental Health , 6 , e25. https://doi.org/10.1017/gmh.2019.23
Baig, A. A., Benitez, A., Quinn, M. T., & Burnet, D. L. (2015). Family interventions to improve diabetes outcomes for adults. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences , 1353 (1), 89–112. doi.org/10.1111/nyas.12844
Begic, I., & Mercer, S. (2017). Looking back, looking forward, living in the moment: Understanding the individual temporal perspectives of secondary school EFL learners. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching , 11 (3), 267–281. doi.org/10.1080/17501229.2017.1317261
Bhandari, P., & Titzmann, F. (2017). Family realities in South Asia: Adaptations and resilience. South Asia Multidisciplinary Academic Journal , 16 . https://doi.org/10.4000/samaj.4365
Clayton, J. (2020). Multiculturalism. In A. Kobayashi (Ed.), International encyclopedia of human geography (2nd ed., pp. 211–219). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-102295-5.10296-3
Dowling, J. (2002). Transversing the Cultural Gap—Cultural Awareness on Deployments. First Annual ADF Nurses Forum
Droixhe, D., & Gsir, S. (2017). Linguistic diversity and integration in Belgium: Language, power, and social cohesion. In J. W. Harris (Ed.), Routledge handbook of language and identity (pp. 285–299). Routledge.
Estacio, V. E., McKinley, R., Saidy-Khan, S., Karic, T., Clark, L., & Kurth, J. (2015). Health literacy: Why it matters to South Asian men with diabetes. Primary Health Care Research & Development , 16(2), 214-218. doi:10.1017/S1463423614000152
Fabietti, U. E. (2016). Cultural traits and identity. In F. Panebianco & E. Serrelli (Eds.), Understanding cultural traits (pp. 43–59). Springer.
Fatehi, K., Priestley, J. L., & Taasoobshirazi, G. (2020). The expanded view of individualism and collectivism: One, two, or four dimensions? International Journal of Cross Cultural Management , 20 (1), 7–24. doi.org/10.1177/1470595820913077
Fiese, B. H., Tomcho, T. J., Douglas, M., Josephs, K., Poltrock, S., & Baker, T. (2002). A review of 50 years of research on naturally occurring family routines and rituals: Cause for celebration? Journal of Family Psychology , 16 (4), 381–390. doi.org/10.1037/0893-3200.16.4.381
Forbes, B. D., & Mahan, J. H. (Eds.). (2017). Religion and population culture in America (3rd ed.). University of California Press. doi.org/10.1515/9780520965225
Forbes, N., Yang, L.C., & Lim, S. (2023). Intersectional discrimination and its impact on Asian American women’s mental health: A mixed-methods scoping review. Public Health Education and Promotion , 11 , 993396. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.993396
García, A. (2018). Race and ethnicity: Fluid concepts in society. Journal of Cultural Diversity , 25 (3), 112–130.
García, J. D. (2020). Race and ethnicity. In N. Brown, T. McIlwraith, & L. T. de González (Eds.), Perspectives: An open introduction to cultural anthropology (2nd ed.). American Anthropological Association. https://pressbooks.pub/perspectives/...and-ethnicity/
Giger, J. N., & Davidhizar, R. (2002). The Giger and Davidhizar Transcultural Assessment Model. Journal of transcultural nursing : official journal of the Transcultural Nursing Society , 13 (3), 185–201. doi.org/10.1177/10459602013003004
Giger, J., & Haddad, L. (2021). Transcultural nursing (8th ed.). Elsevier.
Hall, E. T. (1976). Beyond culture . Anchor Press/Doubleday.
Halliday, M. A. K. (2006). Linguistic studies of text and discourse (Vol. 2). A&C Black.
Hills, A. P., Arena, R., Khunti, K., Yajnik, C. S., Jayawardena, R., Henry, C. J., Street, S. J., Soares, M. J., & Misra, A. (2018). Epidemiology and determinants of type 2 diabetes in south Asia. The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology , 6(12), 966–978. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(18)30204-3
Hofstede, G. (2011). Dimensionalizing cultures: The Hofstede model in context. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture , 2 (1). https://doi.org/10.9707/2307-0919.1014
Jensen, E., Jones, N., Rabe, M., Pratt, B., Medina, L., Orozco, K., & Spell, L. (2021). 2020 U.S. population more racially and ethnically diverse than measured in 2010 . United States Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/library/stori...than-2010.html
Johnson-Lafleur, J., Nadeau, L., & Rousseau, C. (2023). Families’ and practitioners’ use of culture in youth mental health services: A double-edged sword. Child & Youth Care Forum , 52 , 311–329. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10566-022-09688-8
Jones, C. P., & Bullock, M. (2019). Racism and health: A public health perspective on racial and ethnic disparities. Annual Review of Public Health , 40, 105-125. doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publ...-040218-043750
Jones, N., Marks, R., Ramirez, R., & Ríos-Vargas, M. (2021). Improved race and ethnicity measures reveal U.S. population is much more multiracial . United States Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/library/stori...ltiracial.html
Kahissay, M. H., Fenta, T. G., & Boon, H. (2017). Beliefs and perception of ill-health causation: A socio-cultural qualitative study in rural North-Eastern Ethiopia. BMC Public Health , 17 (1), 124. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4052-y
Karasz, A., Gany, F., Escobar, J., Flores, C., Prasad, L., Inman, A., Kalasapudi, V., Kosi, R., Murthy, M., Leng, J., & Diwan, S. (2019). Mental health and stress among South Asians. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health , 21 (Suppl. 1), 7–14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-016-0501-4
Kleisiaris, C. F., Sfakianakis, C., & Papathanasiou, I. V. (2014). Health care practices in ancient Greece: The Hippocratic ideal. Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine , 7 , 6. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4263393/
Kramer, S. (2021). Key facts about the religiously and demographically diverse states of India . Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/short-re...ates-of-india/
Longley, R. (2021, December 6). What is multiculturalism? Definition, theories, and examples . https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-mu...ralism-4689285
Madziva, C., & Chinouya, M. J. (2020). Clay ingestion during pregnancy among Black African women in a North London borough: Understanding cultural meanings, integrating indigenous and biomedical knowledge systems. Frontiers in Sociology , 5 , 20. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2020.00020
Mancini, J. A., & Bowen, G. L. (2013). Families and communities: A social organization theory of action and change. In: Peterson, G., Bush, K. (Eds.), Handbook of Marriage and the Family . Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3987-5
Mathews, H. F. (1987). Rootwork: description of an ethnomedical system in the American South. Southern Medical Journal , 80(7), 885–891. doi.org/10.1097/00007611-198707000-00019
McFarland, M. R. (2018). The theory of culture care diversity and universality. In M. M. McFarland & H. B. Wehbe-Alamah (Eds.), Leininger’s transcultural nursing: Concepts, theories, research, and practice (4th ed., pp. 39–56). McGraw-Hill.
Min, L. Y., Islam, R. B., Gandrakota, N., & Shah, M. K. (2022). The social determinants of health associated with cardiometabolic diseases among Asian American subgroups: A systematic review. BMC Health Services Research , 22 (1), 257. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-022-07646-7
Museum of the American Revolution. (n.d.). Big idea 5: Native American soldiers and scouts . www.amrevmuseum.org/big-idea...ers-and-scouts
National Library of Medicine. (n.d.-a). The key role of ceremony . Native Voices. National Institutes of Health. https://www.nlm.nih.gov/nativevoices...-ceremony.html
National Library of Medicine. (n.d.-b). The medicine wheel and the four directions . Native Voices. National Institutes of Health. https://www.nlm.nih.gov/nativevoices...ine-wheel.html
National Library of Medicine. (2023). Traditional Chinese medicine . National Institutes of Health. https://www.nlm.nih.gov/hmd/topics/c...nal/index.html
New York State. (2023, September 9). Governor Hochul signs legislation to declare Lunar New Year a school holiday . https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/gov...school-holiday
Office of Minority Health. (2013, April). National standards for culturally and linguistically appropriate services in health and health care: A blueprint for advancing and sustaining CLAS policy and practice . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://thinkculturalhealth.hhs.gov/...sBlueprint.pdf
Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. (2011). C-16: Population by mother tongue . https://censusindia.gov.in/census.we.../census-tables
Rotter, J. B. (1966). Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement. Psychological Monographs , 80, 1–28. doi: 10.1037/h0092976
Singer, M. K. (2012). Applying the concept of culture to reduce health disparities through health behavior research. Preventive Medicine , 55 (5), 356–361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.02.011
Singer, M. K., Dressler, W., & George, S. (2016). Culture: The missing link in health research. Social Science & Medicine , 170 , 237–246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.07.015
Smith, P. B., & Bond, M. H. (2019). Cultures and persons: Characterizing national and other types of cultural difference can also aid our understanding and prediction of individual variability. Frontiers in Psychology , 10, 2689. doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02
Solomon, D., Maxwell, C., & Casto, A. (2019, August 7). Systemic inequality: Displacement, exclusion, and segregation: How America’s housing system undermines wealth building in communities of color. CAP 20 . www.americanprogress.org/art...n-segregation/
Spradley, J. P., McCurdy, D. W., & Shandy, D. J. (2016). The cultural experience: Ethnography in complex society (4th ed.). Waveland Press.
Sruthi, M. (2023). Understanding pica (eating disorder) . MedicineNet. https://www.medicinenet.com/understa...er/article.htm
Subhan, F. B., Fernando, D. N., Thorlakson, J., & Chan, C. B. (2023). Dietary interventions for type 2 diabetes in South Asian populations: A systematic review. Current Nutrition Reports , 12 (1), 39–55. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13668-022-00446-9
Svalastog, A. L., Donev, D., Kristoffersen, N. J., & Gajovic, S. (2017). Concepts and definitions of health and health-related values in the knowledge landscapes of the digital society. Croatian Medical Journal , 58 (6), 431–435. doi.org/10.3325/cmj.2017.58.431
Swihart, D. L., Yarrarapu, S. N. S., & Martin, R. L. (2023). Cultural religious competence in clinical practice . In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan-. Available from:www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493216/
Toney, A. M., Martin, T., Sanchez, S., Kelley, M. S., Palmer-Wackerly, A. L., & Chaidez, V. (2022). Examining the macrosystem level of influence on community health worker effectiveness in the state of Nebraska: A qualitative approach. Journal of Community Health , 47(3), 510–518. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-022-01075-7
Turner, T. (2023). Medicare for green card holders: Everything you should know. Retire Guide . https://www.retireguide.com/guides/m...-card-holders/
University of Minnesota Libraries Publishing. (2016). Communication in the real world: An introduction to communication studies . https://doi.org/10.24926/8668.0401
USAFacts. (2022). Our changing population: United States . https://usafacts.org/data/topics/peo...ng-population/
U.S. Census Bureau. (n.d.). U.S. Census Bureau current population . Retrieved May 1, 2023, from https://www.census.gov/popclock/prin...ponent=counter
U.S. Department of State. (2012). India (04/17/12) . U.S. Department of State Archive. https://2009-2017.state.gov/outofdat...dia/200052.htm
Vespa, J., Medina, L., & Armstrong, D. M. (2020). Demographic turning points for the United States: Population projections for 2020 to 2060 . United States Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/content/dam/C...o/p25-1144.pdf
White, P. (2015). The concept of diseases and health care in African traditional religion in Ghana. HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies , 71 (3), a2762. https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v71i3.2762
World Health Organization. (2023). Gender and health. https://www.who.int/health-topics/gender#tab=tab_1
Ziólkowska-Weiss, K. (2020). Cultural pluralism on the example of national minorities in the United States of America. Ukrainian Policymaker , 6 , 114–121. https://doi.org/10.29202/up/6/11
Albougami, A. S., Pounds, K. G., & Alotaibi, J. S. (2016). Comparison of four cultural competence models in transcultural nursing: A discussion paper. International Archives of Nursing and Health Care , 2(053). https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-5823/1510053
Alligood, M.R. (2014). Nursing Theorists and Their Work. United Kingdom: Elsevier. https://www.google.com/books/edition...k/qbAKAQAAQBAJ
Campinha-Bacote, J. (2002). The process of cultural competence in the delivery of healthcare services: A model of care. Journal of Transcultural Nursing , 13(3), 181-184. doi.org/10.1177/104365960201300305
Campinha-Bacote, J. (December 4, 2018). “Cultural Competemility: A Paradigm Shift in the Cultural Competence versus Cultural Humility Debate – Part I” OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing , Vol. 24, No. 1.
Giger, J. N., & Davidhizar, R. (2002). The Giger and Davidhizar Transcultural Assessment Model. Journal of Transcultural Nursing , 13(3), 185–201. doi.org/10.1177/10459602013003004
Gopalkrishnan, N. (2019). Cultural competence and beyond: Working across cultures in culturally dynamic partnerships. The International Journal of Community and Social Development, 1(1), 28-41. doi.org/10.1177/2516602619826712
Hagerty, T. A., Samuels, W., Norcini-Pala, A., & Gigliotti, E. (2017). Peplau’s Theory of Interpersonal Relations: An Alternate Factor Structure for Patient Experience Data? Nursing Science Quarterly , 30(2), 160–167. doi.org/10.1177/0894318417693286
Jongen, C., McCalman, J., & Bainbridge, R. (2018). Health workforce cultural competency interventions: a systematic scoping review. BMC health services research, 18(1), 232. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-3001-5
Leininger, M. M. (2002). Transcultural nursing: Concepts, theories, research & practice (3rd ed.).
The Madeleine M. Leininger Collection Papers, 1953-1995. (Predominantly 1961-1995). Wayne State University. https://reuther.wayne.edu/files/WSP000725.pdf
McFarland, M. R., & Wehbe-Alamah, H. B. (2019). Leininger’s theory of culture care diversity and universality: An overview with a historical retrospective and a view toward the future. Journal of Transcultural Nursing , 30(6), 540-557. doi.org/10.1177/1043659619867134
Narayan, M.C. & Mallinson, R.K. (2022). Transcultural Nurse Views on Culture-Sensitive/Patient-Centered Assessment and Care Planning: A Descriptive Study. Journal of Transcultural Nursing . 2022;33(2):150-160. doi:10.1177/10436596211046986
Narayan, M.C. (2003). Cultural assessment and care planning. Home Healthcare Nurse: The Journal of the Home Care and Hospice Professional . 21(9):611-8. doi: 10.1097/00004045-200309000-00011. PMID: 14534460
Nguyen, T., Tran, T., Luo, W., & Wright, L. (2019). Culturally sensitive intervention for Vietnamese American women with type 2 diabetes . Journal of Transcultural Nursing , 30(4), 383-392. doi.org/10.1177/1043659618817667
Purnell, L. (2002). The Purnell Model for Cultural Competence. Journal of Transcultural Nursing . 13(3):193-196. doi:10.1177/10459602013003006
Purnell, L. (2013). Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach. 4th Edition, F. A. Davis.
Purnell, L. (2018). Update: The Purnell Theory and Model for Culturally Competent Health Care. Journal of Transcultural Nursing , Vol. 30, Issue 2, pp. 98–105. doi.org/10.1177/1043659618817587
Alcendor, D. J. (2020). Racial disparities-associated COVID-19 mortality among minority populations in the U.S. Journal of Clinical Medicine , 9 (2442), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9082442
American Association of Colleges of Nursing . (2008). Cultural competency in baccalaureate nursing education [Guideline]. https://www.aacnnursing.org/Portals/...y-Bacc-Edu.pdf
American Nurses Association. (2015). Code of ethics for nurses with interpretive statements . https://www.nursingworld.org/practic...cs-for-nurses/
American Nurses Association. (2021). Nursing: Scope and standards of practice (4th ed.). American Nurses Association.
Arias, E., Xu, J., Curtin, S., Bastian, B., & Tejada-Vera, B. (2021). Mortality profile of the non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native population, 2019. National Vital Statistics Reports , 70 (12):1–27. dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc:110370
Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America. (2020). Asthma disparities in America: A roadmap to reducing burden on racial and ethnic minorities . aafa.org/wp-content/uploads/...minorities.pdf
Attum, B., Hafiz, S., Malik, A., & Shamoon, Z. (2023). Cultural competence in the care of Muslim patients and their families. In StatPearls [Internet] . StatPearls Publishing. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499933/
Berger, J. T., & Ribeiro Miller, D. (2021). Health disparities, systemic racism, and failures of cultural competence. The American Journal of Bioethics , 21 (9), 4–10. doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2021.1915411
Beser, A., Tekkas Kerman, K., Ersin, F., & Arkan, G. (2021). The effects of ethnocentrism and some features on intercultural sensitivityin nursing students: A comparative descriptive study. Nurse Education in Practice , 56 , 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2021.103180
Campinha-Bacote, J. (2002). The process of cultural competence in the delivery of healthcare services: A model of care. Journal of Transcultural Nursing , 181–184. doi.org/10.1177/10459602013003003
Campinha-Bacote, J. (2018). Cultural competemility: A paradigm shift in the cultural competence versus cultural humility debate—part I. OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing , 24 (1). https://doi.org/10.3912/OJIN.Vol24No01PPT20
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2017, July 3). African American health: Creating equal opportunities for health . Vital Signs. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health. www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/aahealth/index.html
Central Vancouver Island Multicultural Society. (2021). Cultural competency . https://www.cvims.org/resources/cultural-competency/#
Cross, T. L., Bazron, B. J., Dennis, K. W., & Isaacs, M. R. (1989, March). Towards a culturally competent system of care: a monograph on effective services for minority children who are severely emotionally disturbed . Georgetown University Child Development Center.
Day, L., & Beard, K. V. (2019). Meaningful inclusion of diverse voices: The case for culturally responsive teaching in nursing education. Journal of Professional Nursing , 35 (4), 277–281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2019.01.002
Foronda, C., Prather, S., Baptiste, D., & Luctkar-Flude, M. (2022). Cultural humility toolkit. Nurse Educator , 47 (5), 267–271. doi.org/DOI: 10.1097/NNE.0000000000001182
Foronda, C. L., Baptiste, D., Pfaff, T., Velez, R., Reinholdt, M., Sanchez, M, & Warren Hudson, K. (2018). Cultural competency and cultural humility in simulation-based education: An integrative review. Clinical Simulation in Nursing , 15 , 42–60. https://doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.ecns.2017.09.006
Fry, F., & Parker, K. (2018, November 15). Early benchmarks show “post-millennials” on track to be most diverse, best-educated generation yet. Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/social-t...eneration-yet/
Giger, J. N., & Davidhizar, R. (2002). The Giger and Davidhizar transcultural assessment model. Journal of Transcultural Nursing , 13 (3), 185–188. doi.org/10.1177/10459602013003004
Greenwood, B. N., Hardeman, R. R., Huang, L., & Sojourner, A. (2020). Physician–patient racial concordance and disparities in birthing mortality for newborns. PNAS , 117 (35), 21194–21200. doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1913405117
Im, E. O., & Chee, W. (2021). Components of culturally tailored interventions: A discussion paper. Advances in Nursing Science, 44 (2), 123–135. doi.org/10.1097/ANS.0000000000000340
James, C. V. M., R.; Wilson-Frederick, S.M.; Hall, J.E.; Penman-Aguilar, A.; Bouye, K. (2017). Racial/Ethnic Health Disparities Among Rural Adults — United States, 2012–2015. Morbidity and Mortality Surveillance Summary , 66(23), 1-9. doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.ss6623a1
Jeffreys, M. R., & Dogan, E. (2010). Factor analysis of the Transcultural Self-Efficacy Tool (TSET). Journal of Nursing Measurement , 18 (2), 120–139.doi.org/10.1891/1061-3749.18.2.120
Kelly, N., Graves, D., & Txabarriaga, R. (2007, March). Culturally capable translations: The essential role of culture in translation quality processes. The ATA Chronicle . https://www.ata-chronicle.online/wp-...xabarriaga.pdf
Kentucky Inclusive Health Collaborative. (2021, March 19). Cultural competency in health [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vHePY3J5wJs
Kim, M. T., Heitkemper, E. M., Hébert, E. T., Hecht, J., Crawford, A., Nnaka, T., Hutson T. S., Rhee, H., & Radhakrishnan, K. (2022). Redesigning culturally tailored intervention in the precision health era: Self-management science context. Nursing Outlook , 70 (5), 710–724. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2022.05.015
Leininger, M. M. (1970). Nursing and anthropology: Two worlds to blend . Wiley.
Leininger, M. M. (1991). Culture care diversity & universality: A theory of nursing . National League for Nursing Press.
Leininger, M. M. (1999). What is transcultural nursing and culturally competent care? Journal of Transcultural Nursing , 10 (1), 9. doi.org/10.1177/104365969901000105
Lick, D. J., Durso, L. E., & Johnson, K. L. (2013). Minority stress and physical health among sexual minorities. Perspectives on Psychological Science , 8 (5), 521–548. doi.org/10.1177/1745691613497965
Mahowald, L. (2021, June 24). LGBTQ people of color encounter heightened discrimination: 2020 survey results on experiences in health care, housing, and education. Center for American Progress. www.americanprogress.org/art...iscrimination/
Marion, L., Douglas, M., Lavin, M. A., Barr, N., Gazaway, S., Thomas, E., & Bickford, C. (2016). Implementing the new ANA Standard 8: Culturally congruent practice. The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing , 22 (1). https://doi.org/10.3912/OJIN.Vol22No01PPT20
McDonald, M., & Shenkman, L. (2018). Health Literacy and Health Outcomes of Adults in the United States: Implications for Providers. The Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice , 16(4), 1-5.
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-a) Increase the health literacy of the population—HC/HIT-R01. Healthy People 2030. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health. https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...tion-hchit-r01
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-b) Social determinants of health. Healthy People 2030. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...minants-health
Office of Minority Health. (n.d.). National CLAS standards: National standards for culturally and linguistically appropriate services (CLAS) in health and health care. Think Cultural Health. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health.https://thinkculturalhealth.hhs.gov/clas
Pacquiao, D. F., Joanna, B. M., Ludwig-Beymer, P., Stievano, A., Sagar, P. L., Purnell, L., Daub, K. F., & Halabi, J. O. (2023). Integration of population health, social determinants, and social justice in transcultural nursing and culturally competent care: White paper by the Scholars Education Interest Group. Journal of Transcultural Nursing , 34 (3), 175–177. doi.org/10.1177/10436596231163878
Project Implicit. (2011). Preliminary information: Implicit Association Test . https://implicit.harvard.edu/implicit/takeatest.html
Purnell, L. (2019). Update: The Purnell theory and model for culturally competent health care. Journal of Transcultural Nursing , 30 (2), 98–105.doi.org/10.1177/1043659618817587
Purnell, L. D., & Fenkl, E. A. (Eds.). (2021). Textbook for transcultural health care: A population approach (5th ed.). Springer. https://link.springer.com/book/10.10...-3-030-51399-3
Rasmus, S., Allen, J., Connor, W., Freeman, W., Native Transformations Community Action Board, & Skewes, M. (2016). Native transformations in the Pacific Northwest: A strength-based model of protection against substance use disorder. American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research , 23 (3), 158–186. 10.5820/aian.2303.2016.158
Rasmus, S., Charles, B., & Mohatt, G. V. (2014). Creating Qungasvik (a Yup’ik intervention “toolbox”): case examples from a community-developed and culturally-driven intervention. American Journal of Community Psychology , 54 , 140–152. doi.org/10.1007/s10464-014-9651-5
Schildknecht, K. R., Pratt, R. H., Feng, P-J. I., Price, S. F., & Self, J. L. (2023). Tuberculosis—United States, 2022. MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report , 72 (12), 297–303. dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7212a1
Schwartz, S. M. (2023). A Cauldron of Tears: Cultural factors and vulnerability in human trafficking. In M. S. de Chesnay, Donna (Ed.), Human Trafficking: A Global Emergency Perspectives in Nursing, Criminal Justice, and the Social Sciences . Springer Nature.
Schwartz, S. M., & Silva, A. N. (2023). Cultural Competence in Caring for Victims of Sex Trafficking: Understanding the Unique Needs, Barriers, and Challenges of Survivors. Global Qualitative Nursing Research, 10 . doi.org/ https://doi.org/10.1...33936231180342
Shahid, R., Shoker, M., Chu, L. M., Frehlick, R., Ward, H., & Pahwa, P. (2022). Impact of low health literacy on patients’ health outcomes: A multicenter cohort study. BMC Health Services Research , 22 (1148), 1–9. https://doi.org/doi:10.1186/s12913-022-08527-9
Sharifi, N., Adib-Hajbaghery, M., & Najafi, M. (2019). Cultural competence in nursing: A concept analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies , 99 , 103386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.103386
Terlizzi, E. P., Connor, E. M., Zelaya, C. E., Ji, A. A., & Bakos, A.D. (2019). Reported importance and access to health care providers who understand or share cultural characteristics with their patients among adults, by race and ethnicity. National Health Statistics Reports , 130 , 1–12.
U.S. Census Bureau. (n.d.). Selected social characteristics in the United States: 2021: ACS 5-year estimates data profiles . American Community Survey. data.census.gov/table?tid=AC...dePreview=true
U.S. Department of Education. (2019, July). Adult literacy in the United States . Data Point. National Center for Education Statistics. https://nces.ed.gov/pubs2019/2019179.pdf
White, M. E., Cartwright, A. D., Reyes, A. G., Morris, H., Lindo, N. A., Singh, A. A., & Bennett, C. M. (2020). “A whole other layer of complexity”: Black transgender men’s experiences . Journal of LGBT Issues in Counseling , 14 (3), 248–267. doi.org/10.1080/15538605.2020.1790468
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (2019). Planning culturally and linguistically appropriate services . https://www.ahrq.gov/ncepcr/tools/cu.../planclas.html
American Nurses Association. (2021). Nursing: Scope and standards of practice (4th ed.). American Nurses Association.
Beach, M. C., Saha, S., Korthuis, P. T., Sharp, V. L., Cohn, J. A., Wilson, I. B., ... Eggly, S. (2020). Patient-centered, culturally sensitive health care. Annals of Internal Medicine, 172 (10_Supplement), S123–S131. doi.org.10.7326/M20-0856
Berger, J. T., & Ribeiro Miller, D. (2021). Health Disparities, Systemic Racism, and Failures of Cultural Competence. The American Journal of Bioethics , 21 (9), 4-10. doi.org/ https://doi.org/10.1...1.2021.1915411
Beser, A., Tekkas Kerman, K., Ersin, F., & Arkan, G. (2021). The effects of ethnocentrism and some features on intercultural sensitivity in nursing students: A comparative descriptive study. Nurse Education in Practice , 56 , 103180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2021.103180
Betancourt, J. R., Green, A. R., Carrillo, J. E., & Ananeh-Firempong, O., 2nd. (2003). Defining cultural competence: A practical framework for addressing racial/ethnic disparities in health and health care. Public Health Reports, (Washington, D.C. : 1974) 118 (4), 293–302. https://doi.org/10.1093/phr/118.4.293
Campinha-Bacote, J. (2002). The process of cultural competence in the delivery of healthcare services: A model of care. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 13 (3), 181–184. doi: 10.1177/104365960201300305
Campinha-Bacote, J. (2018). The process of cultural competence in the delivery of healthcare services: A culturally competent model of care . (Rev.ed). Transcultural C.A.R.E. Associates. Lulu.com.
Cervený, M., Kratochvílová, I., Hellerová, V., & Tóthová, V. (2022). Methods of increasing cultural competence in nurses working in clinical practice: A scoping review of literature 2011-2021. Frontiers in Psychology , 13 , 936181. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.936181
Damaskos, P., Amaya, B., Gordon, R., & Walters, C. B. (2018). Intersectionality and the LGBT Cancer Patient. Seminars in oncology nursing , 34 (1), 30–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soncn.2017.11.004
Day, L., & Beard, K. V. (2019). Meaningful inclusion of diverse voices: The case for culturally responsive teaching in nursing education. Journal of Professional Nursing , 35 (4), 277-281. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1...rs.2019.01.002
Federal Register. (2013, September 24). National standards for culturally and linguistically appropriate services (CLAS) in health and health care . https://www.federalregister.gov/docu...lth-and-health
Handtke O, Schilgen B, Mösko M. (2019). Culturally competent healthcare – A scoping review of strategies implemented in healthcare organizations and a model of culturally competent healthcare provision. PLoS ONE 14 (7): e0219971. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0219971
Hatzenbuehler, M. L., Phelan, J. C., & Link, B. G. (2013). Stigma as a fundamental cause of population health inequalities. American Journal of Public Health, 103 (5), 813–821.
The Joint Commission. (2023). Toward health care equity: Sensitive care for a diverse population, 3rd edition . Joint Commission Resources. https://store.jcrinc.com/toward-heal...on/ebdcch23sl/
Jongen, C., McCalman, J., & Bainbridge, R. (2018). Health workforce cultural competency interventions: a systematic scoping review. BMC health services research , 18 (1), 232. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-3001-5
Kline, N., Ali, P. A., & Hajjar, R. T. (2019). Collaborating across cultures: A systematic review of intercultural competence in healthcare settings. Journal of Healthcare Leadership, 11 , 75–87. doi.org/10.2147/JHL.S183420
Latif, A. S. (2020). The importance of understanding social and cultural norms in delivering quality health Care—A personal experience commentary. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease , 5 (1), 22. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed5010022
Lavizzo-Mourey, R. J., Besser, R. E., & Williams, D. R. (2021). Understanding and Mitigating Health Inequities—Past, Current, and Future Directions. The New England Journal of Medicine, 384 (18), 1681–1684. doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp2008628
Lekas, H. M., Pahl, K., & Fuller Lewis, C. (2020). Rethinking cultural competence: Shifting to cultural humility. Health Services Insights , 13 , 1178632920970580. doi.org/10.1177/1178632920970580
Marion, L., Douglas, M., Lavin, M., Barr, N., Gazaway, S., Thomas, L., & Bickford, C. (2016). Implementing the new ANA standard 8: Culturally congruent practice . OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing , 22 (1). https://doi.org/10.3912/OJIN.Vol22No01PPT20
Medina-Martínez, J., Saus-Ortega, C., Sánchez-Lorente, M. M., Sosa-Palanca, E. M., García-Martínez, P., & Mármol-López, M. I. (2021). Health inequities in LGBT people and nursing interventions to reduce them: A systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18 (22), 11801. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211801
Narayanasamy A. (2002). The ACCESS model: A transcultural nursing practice framework. British Journal of Nursing, 11 (9), 643–650. www.magonlinelibrary.com/doi...002.11.9.10178
National Center for Cultural Competence. (n.d.). The role of cultural brokers in health care delivery . Georgetown University Center for Child and Human Development. https://nccc.georgetown.edu/cultural...ole/index.html
National Center for Cultural Competence. (2006). Cultural and linguistic competence policy assessment. https://nccc.georgetown.edu/documents/CLCPA.pdf
National Center for Cultural Competence. (2013). Promoting cultural and linguistic competency: Self-assessment checklist for personnel providing primary health care services . Georgetown University Center for Child and Human Development. nccc.georgetown.edu/resources/assessment.html
Ngo-Metzger, Q., Sorkin, D. H., Phillips, R. S., Greenfield, S., Massagli, M. P., Clarridge, B., & Kaplan, S. H. (2007). Providing high-quality care for limited English proficient patients: the importance of language concordance and interpreter use. Journal of General Internal Medicine , 22 Suppl 2 (Suppl 2), 324–330. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-007-0340-z
Nutbeam , D., & Lloyd, J. E. (2021). Understanding and responding to health literacy as a social determinant of health. In : Annual Review of Public Health. (Vol. 42, Issue 1, pp. 159–173). Annual Reviews. doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publ...-090419-102529
Romem, A., Pinchas-Mizrachi, R., & Zalcman, B. G. (2021). Utilizing the ACCESS model to understand communication with the ultraorthodox community in Beit Shemesh during the first wave of COVID-19. Journal of Transcultural Nursing: Official Journal of the Transcultural Nursing Society, 32( 6), 647–654. doi.org/10.1177/10436596211009575
Rural Health Information Hub. (2022, October 13). Root causes of health inequities. https://www.ruralhealthinfo.org/tool...es-of-inequity
Schwei, R. J., Guerrero, N., Small, A. L., & Jacobs, E. A. (2019). Physician perceptions of the types of roles interpreters play in limited English proficient pediatric encounters and how they evaluate the quality of interpretation. Primary Health Care Research & Development, 20 , e25. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1463423618000890
Sharifi, N., Adib-Hajbaghery, M., & Najafi, M. (2019). Cultural competence in nursing: A concept analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 99 , 103386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.103386
Tellez, T., & the Institute for Economic and Racial Equity, Brandeis University. (2015). Culturally effective healthcare organizations: A framework for success . Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University. https://heller.brandeis.edu/iere/pdf...ment-tools.pdf
Tse, M. M., Pun, S. P., Benzie, I. F., & Chan, M. F. (2020). Culture and community engagement in health promotion—A review of concepts, frameworks, interventions, and outcomes. Journal of Health Communication, 25 (6), 484–492. doi.org/10.1080/10810730.2020.1777828
United States Department of Health and Human Services. (n.d.-a). Culturally and linguistically appropriate services (CLAS) what, why and how . Think Cultural Health. https://thinkculturalhealth.hhs.gov/...at-why-how.pdf
United States Department of Health and Human Services. (n.d.-b). Limited English proficiency (LEP). www.hhs.gov/civil-rights/for...ncy/index.html
United States Department of Health and Human Services. (2010). National action plan to improve health literacy . https://health.gov/sites/default/fil...ction_Plan.pdf
United States Department of Health and Human Services. (2013). National Standards for Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services (CLAS) in Health and Health Care. https://www.federalregister.gov/docu...lth-and-health
Williams, R. (1999). Cultural safety — What does it mean for our work practice? Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 23(2), 213-214. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-842X.1999.tb01240.x
Williams, S. D., Phillips, J. M., & Koyama, K. (2018). Nurse Advocacy: Adopting a Health in All Policies Approach . https://ojin.nursingworld.org/MainMe...-Advocacy.html
American Nurses Association [ANA]. (2021). Code of ethics for nurses with interpretive statements. https://www.nursingworld.org/practic...cs-for-nurses/
ANA. (2015). Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretive Statements. Silver Spring, MD. https://www.nursingworld.org/practic...coe-view-only/
ANA. (2020). Nursing: Scope and Standards of Practice (4th ed.). www.nursingworld.org/~4af3bc...ctice_2020.pdf
ANA. (2022). The Nurse’s Role and Responsibility in Unveiling and Dismantling Racism in Nursing. www.nursingworld.org/~48e2dd...-formatted.pdf
Andreychik, M. R., Gilliam, F. D., & Stein, J. D. (2020). The effects of out-group homogeneity on intergroup attitudes. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 23(6), 853-872. Doi: 10.1177/1368430218817975
Anti-Defamation League. (2013). Imagine a world without hate: Anti-Defamation League 2012 Annual Report. https://www.adl.org/media/4528/download
Association of Public Health Nursing. (n.d.). https://www.slideshare.net/ivonneriv...tencies-061615
Banaji, M. R., & Greenwald, A. G. (2016). Blindspot: Hidden Biases of Good People. Delacorte Press.
Belton, T. D., Humphreys, B. R., & Tsutsui, Y. (2018). Implicit biases can affect healthcare outcomes, resulting in disparities in treatment and patient experiences. Journal of Health Economics, 61, 63-80. Doi:10.1016/j.jhealeco.2018.07.006
Bertin, M. (2020). Mindfulness for healthcare professionals. www.mindful.org/mindfulhome-...-during-covid/
Brewer, J. A., Shapero, B. G., & Davis, J. L. (2019). Mindfulness Training for Positive Syndrome Schizophrenia: A Pilot Study. Journal of Psychiatric Practice, 25(5), 375-384. Doi: 10.1097/pra.0000000000000427
Brewer, M. B. (1979). In-Group Bias in the Minimal Intergroup Situation: A Cognitive-Motivational Analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 86(2), 307-324. doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.86.2.307
Brown, E.A. & White, B.M. (2020). Recognizing Privilege as a Social Determinant of Health During COVID-19. Health Equity. Dec 2020.1-4. www.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/1.../heq.2020.0038
Bruewer, A. C., Park, G. C., & Beilke, J. R. (2021). Problematizing the Use of Cultural Autobiography in Pre-Service Multicultural Education Courses. Taboo: The Journal of Culture & Education, 20(3), 118–135.
Campinha-Bacote, J. (2002). The process of cultural competence in the delivery of healthcare services: A model of care. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 13(3), 181-184. doi.org/10.1177/104365960201300305
Campinha-Bacote, J. (2011a). Coming to know cultural competence: An evolutionary process. International Journal for Human Caring, 15(3), 42-48. Doi:10.20467/1091-5710.15.3.42
Campinha-Bacote, J. (2011b). Delivering patient-centered care in the midst of a cultural conflict: The role of cultural competence. AJN, American Journal of Nursing , 111(5), 52-58. Doi: 10.1097/01.NAJ.0000390524.04470.56
Campinha-Bacote, J. (2013). A biblically based model of cultural competence in the delivery of healthcare services: Seeing “Imago Dei” (2nd ed.). Cincinnati, OH: Transcultural C.A.R.E. Associates.
Campinha-Bacote, J. (2018). The process of cultural competence in the delivery of healthcare services: A model of care. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 29(4), 359-367. Doi: 10.1177/1043659617710191
Campinha-Bacote J. (2019). Cultural competemility: a paradigm shift in the cultural competence versus cultural humility debate, Part I. Online J Issues Nurs 24(1).
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022, December 5). The untreated syphilis study at Tuskegee timeline . www.cdc.gov/tuskegee/timeline.htm
Concern Worldwide US. (2022, September 16). The deadly inequalities of gender bias in healthcare . https://concernusa.org/news/gender-b...in-healthcare/
Craig, M. L., Richeson, J. A., & Weisman, D. B. (2018). The Role of Limited Intergroup Contact in Predicting Negative Outgroup Attitudes. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 9(5), 545-554. Doi: 10.1177/1948550617719058
Critcher, C. R., & Gilovich, T. (2021). Persuading Others by Appealing to Their Desire for Cognitive Ease. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , 150(4), 601-615. Doi: 10.1037/xge0000933
Devine, P. G., Forscher, P. S., Austin, A. J., & Cox, W. T. L. (2012). Long-term reduction in implicit race bias: A prejudice habit-breaking intervention. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 48(6), 1267-1278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2012.06.003
Earley, P. C., & Ang, S. (2003). Cultural Intelligence: Individual Interactions Across Cultures. Stanford University Press.
Epstein, R. M., & Hundert, E. M. (2002). Defining and assessing professional competence. JAMA , 287(2), 226–235. doi.org/10.1001/jama.287.2.226
Fedje, L., & Bissonette, J. (2019). Decolonizing nursing practice: Decolonization as a social determinant of health. The Canadian Nurse, 115(6), 22-27.
FitzGerald, C., Hurst, S. (2017). Implicit bias in healthcare professionals: a systematic review. BMC Med Ethics, 1;18(1):19. Doi: 10.1186/s12910-017-0179-8. PMID: 28249596; PMCID: PMC5333436.
FitzGerald, C., Martin, A., Berner, D., & Hurst, S. (2019). Interventions designed to reduce implicit prejudices and implicit stereotypes in real-world contexts: A systematic review. BMC Psychology, 7(1), 29. Doi: 10.1186/s40359-019-0309-5
Foronda, C. (2019). Cultural humility: A concept analysis. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 30(1), 5-12. Doi: 10.1177/1043659618777997
Foronda, C., Baptiste, D., Reinholdt, M.M., & Ousman, K. (2016). Cultural humility: A lifelong journey. Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 47(4), 183-188. Doi: 10.3928/00220124-20160316-02
Freimuth, V. S., Quinn, S. C., Thomas, S. B., Cole, G., Zook, E., & Duncan, T. (2001). African Americans’ views on research and the Tuskegee Syphilis Study. Social science & medicine (1982) , 52 (5), 797–808. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0277-9536(00)00178-7
Gallagher, A. (2020). The importance of values in nursing. Nursing Standard, 35(11), 45-50.
Garran, A.M., Rozas, L.W., Kang, H, Miller, J.L. (2021). Racism in the United States, Third Edition. Springer Publishing Company
Goleman, D. (1995). Emotional Intelligence: Why It Can Matter More than IQ. New York: Bantam Books.
Goleman, D., Boyatzis, R., and McKee, A. (2002). The Emotional Reality of Teams. Journal of Organizational Excellence . doi.org/10.1002/npr.10020
Greenwald, A. G., Banaji, M. R., & Nosek, B. A. (2022). Unconscious processes may affect judgments, negatively impacting the nurse-client relationship and compromising client care. Journal of Nursing Ethics, 29(1), 63-74. Doi:10.1177/0969733020984935
Haas, M. L., & Greiner, A. C. (2020). Teaching values-based practice in nursing to enhance ethical comportment. Nursing Outlook, 68(1), 19-24
Haber, R., Braga, C., Benda, J., Fitch, J., Mitran, C. L., & Nelson, K. A. (2022). Therapist Use of Self and the Development of a Culturally-Aware Professional in Family Therapy. The Family Journal , 30 (3), 274–280. doi-org.lib.proxy.csustan.ed...64807211061834
Hobbs, J. (2018). White Privilege in Health Care: Following Recognition With Action. Ann Fam Med. 16(3), 197–198. doi: 10.1370/afm.2243
Hoffman, K. M., Trawalter, S., Axt, J. R., & Oliver, M. N. (2016). Clinical decision-making can be influenced by these biases. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113(4), 897-902. Doi:10.1073/pnas.1517780113\\
Hohl, B. C., Drescher, M., Barrios, C., & Weaver, J. (2020). Socioeconomic Disparities in Access to Care and Patient Outcomes. Hospital Medicine Clinics, 9(1), 58-67.
Holm, A.L., Rowe, G.M., Brady, M., & White-Perkins, D. (2017). Recognizing Privilege and Bias: An Interactive Exercise to Expand Health Care Providers’ Personal Awareness. Acad Med. Mar;92(3):360-364. Doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000001290. PMID: 27355785.
Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Health Literacy. (2021). Health Literacy: Past, Present, and Future. National Academies Press.
Johnson, A. G. (2020). Privilege, power, and difference. McGraw-Hill Education. International Journal of Nursing Knowledge, 31(2), 59-66. Doi: 10.1111/2047-3095.12276
Karim, S. (2023). Power-informed practice in social work. Journal of Social Work. doi.org/10.1177/14680173231180307
Leininger, M. M. (2002). Transcultural nursing: Concepts, theories, research & practice (3rd ed.).
Levy, B. R., & Macdonald, J. L. (2020). Ageism and Health. In Handbook of Aging and the Social Sciences (Eighth Edition) (pp. 293-309). Academic Press.
Lister, J.J. & Joudrey, P.J. (2022). Rural mistrust of public health interventions in the United States: A call for taking the long view to improve adoption. The Journal of Rural Health. doi.org/10.1111/jrh.12684
Lu, Y., Elwyn, G., Moulton, B. W., Volk, R. J., Frosch, D. L., & Spatz, E. S. (2022). Shared Decision-making in the U.S.: Evidence exists, but implementation science must now inform policy for real change to occur. Schwerpunkt/Special Issue “International Shared Decision Making Conference 2022” 171, 144-149. www.zefq-journal.com/article...082-4/abstract
Mastro, D. (2020). Media depictions of social identity groups: Addressing representation and impact in media effects. Social Issues and Policy Review, 14(1), 191-226. doi.org/10.1111/sipr.12078
Matthews, C. H., Cho, D. M., Matthews, C. J., & Park, Y. (2020). Using the Privilege and Responsibility Curricular Exercise to enhance diversity training. Journal of Management Education, 44(5), 704-726.
McMahon, B. T., West, S. L., & Lau, L. L. (2020). Disability Discrimination and Access to Health Care. New England Journal of Medicine, 382(16), 1561-1563.
Mindful Communications, a Public Benefit Corporation. (n.d.). Mindfulness in healthcare. Mindful Communications. www.mindful.com/mindfulness-in-healthcare/
Molina-Mula, J., Gallo-Estrada, J., & Márquez-Hernández, V. V. (2020). Nursing students’ attitudes towards advocacy of patient autonomy and their intention to use it in practice. Nurse Education in Practice, 45, 102775. Doi: 10.1016/j.nepr.2020.102775
Movement Advancement Project. (2023a). LGBTQ policy spotlight: Bans on medical care for transgender people . https://www.mapresearch.org/2023-med...re-bans-report
Movement Advancement Project. (2023b). Religious exemption laws . https://www.lgbtmap.org/equality-map...xemption_laws/
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. (2017). Communities in action: Pathways to health equity. https://nap.nationalacademies.org/ca...-health-equity
National LGBT Health Education Center. (2020). Addressing LGBTQ health disparities. Retrieved from: www.lgbthealtheducation.org/...isparities.pdf
Pelletier, D., & Stichler, J. (2014). Nurse–patient relationships: The role of the professional. Nursing Forum, 49(1), 11-19. Doi: 10.1111/nuf.12037
Piercy, L., & Fletcher, I. (2020). Gender Bias in Nursing: A Problem for Men and Women. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 29(3-4), 411-413. Doi:10.1111/jocn.15133
Project READY: Reimagining Equity & Access for Diverse Youth. (n.d.). https://ready.web.unc.edu/
Puhl, R. M., & Suh, Y. (2020). Health Consequences of Weight Stigma: Implications for Obesity Prevention and Treatment. Current Obesity Reports, 9(4), 342-349.
Purnell, L. (2005). Transcultural health care: A culturally competent approach (3rd ed.). F. A. Davis Company.
Richardson, A., & Storr, J. (2020). Reflecting on reflection: The effects of experiential learning on nursing students’ self-perceived competence and satisfaction. Nurse Education in Practice, 37, 1-6.
Ringdal, M., Chaboyer, W., Ulin, K., Bucknall, T., & Oxelmark, L. (2017). Patient preferences for participation in patient care and safety activities in hospitals. BMC Nursing, 16, 69. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-017-0266-7
Rural Health Information Hub. (2022, September 14). Barriers to addressing health literacy in rural communities . https://www.ruralhealthinfo.org/tool...cy/1/barriers#
Schmader, T., Dennehy, T.C., & Baron, A.S. (2022). Why Antibias Interventions (Need Not) Fail. Perspect Psychol Sci. 17(5): 1381–1403. doi: 10.1177/17456916211057565
Seeleman, C., Hermans, J., Lamkaddem, M., Suurmond, J., Stronks, K., & Essink-Bot, M. L. (2015). A students’ survey of cultural competence as a basis for identifying gaps in the medical curriculum. BMC Medical Education, 15(1), 199.
Skinner-Dorkenoo, A. L., George, M., Wages, J. E., Sánchez, S., & Perry, S. P. (2023). A systemic approach to the psychology of racial bias within individuals and society. Nature Reviews Psychology 2, 392–406. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44159-023-00190-z
Smiley, R.A., Allgeyer, R.L., Shobo, Y., Lyons, K.C., Letourneau, R., Zhong, E., Kaminski-Ozturk, N., & Alexander, M. (2023). The 2022 national nursing workforce survey. Journal of Nursing Regulation, Volume 14, Issue 1, Supplement 2. Pages S1-S90, www.journalofnursingregulati...047-9/fulltext
Tajfel, H., & Turner, J. C. (1979). An Integrative Theory of Intergroup Conflict. In W. G. Austin & S. Worchel (Eds.), The Social Psychology of Intergroup Relations (pp. 33-47). Brooks/Cole Publishing.
Tervalon, M., & Murray-García, J. (1998). Cultural humility versus cultural competence: A critical distinction in defining physician training outcomes in multicultural education. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved, 9(2), 117-125.
Togioka, B.M., Duvivier, D., & Young, E. (2023). Diversity and Discrimination In Healthcare. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved from www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568721/
Trachtenberg, A. J., Degenholtz, H. B., & Ehrenpreis, E. D. (2021). Patient empowerment through understanding health information: A systematic review. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 36(6), 1833-1843.
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (January 2023). Labor Force Statistics from the Current Population Survey. Retrieved from www.bls.gov/cps/cpsaat11.htm
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2021, May 10). Section 1557 of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. www.hhs.gov/civil-rights/for...57/index.html#
University of Michigan LSA Inclusive Teaching. (2021). Social Identity Wheel . https://sites.lsa.umich.edu/inclusiv...tity-Wheel.pdf
University of Southern California. (2020, November). Diversity toolkit: A guide to discussing identity, power and privilege . msw.usc.edu/mswusc-blog/dive...and-privilege/
Velez, N., Ganea, P. A., & Yang, S. (2021). The Development of Confirmation Bias in Early Childhood. Developmental Science, 24(5), e13126. doi: 10.1111/desc.13126
Zandbelt, L. C., Smid, G. E., Staal, W. G., & Rietdijk, D. (2017). Mindfulness-Based Interventions for People Diagnosed with a Current Episode of an Anxiety or Depressive Disorder: A Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials. PLoS ONE, 12(4), e0177944. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177944
Zappas, M., Walton-Moss, B., Sanchez, C., Hildebrand, J. A., & Kirkland, T. (2021). The Decolonization of Nursing Education . The journal for nurse practitioners: JNP, 17(2), 225–229. https://med-fom-osot-inclusive-campu...-Education.pdf
Administration on Aging. (2021, May). 2020 profile of older Americans . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Community Living. https://acl.gov/sites/default/files/...ans.final_.pdf
Ahmad, F. B., Cisewski, J. A., Xu, J., & Anderson, R. N. (2023). Provisional mortality data—United States, 2022. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report , 72 (18), 488–492. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7218a3
Alaska Department of Health. (2022). Alaska tobacco facts: 2022 update . https://health.alaska.gov/dph/Chroni...baccoFacts.pdf
Ali, S. J., Islam, N. S., Commodore-Mensah, Y., & Yi, S. S. (2021). Implementing hypertension management interventions in immigrant communities in the U.S.: A narrative review of recent developments and suggestions for programmatic efforts. Current Hypertension Reports , 23 , 5. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11906-020-01121-6
Altman, C. A. (2022). Identifying newborns with critical congenital heart disease. UpToDate . Retrieved April 15, 2023, from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/id...-heart-disease
American Cancer Society. (2019, October 14). Can childhood cancers be prevented? https://www.cancer.org/cancer/cancer...d-cancers.html
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2022, January). Preterm labor and birth . https://www.acog.org/womens-health/f...abor-and-birth
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Caughey, A. B., Cahill, A. G., Guise, J. M., & Rouse, D. J. (2014). Safe prevention of the primary cesarean delivery. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology , 210 (3), 179–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2014.01.026
American Health Care Association and National Center for Assisted Living (AHCA/NCAL). (2023). Facts & figures . https://www.ahcancal.org/Assisted-Li...s/default.aspx
Belfort, M. A. (2023). Overview of postpartum hemorrhage. UpToDate . Retrieved August 27, 2023, from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/ov...tum-hemorrhage
Berghella, V. (2023). Cesarean birth: Postoperative care, complications, and long-term sequelae. UpToDate . Retrieved June 3, 2023, from www-uptodate-com/contents/ce...-term-sequelae
Boersma, P., Black, L. I., & Ward, B. W. (2020). Prevalence of multiple chronic conditions among U.S. adults, 2018. Preventing Chronic Disease , 17 , 2000130. doi.org/10.5888/pcd17.200130
Bowman, R. M. (2022). Myelomeningocele (spina bifida): Management and outcome. UpToDate . Retrieved April 15, 2023, from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/my...nt-and-outcome
Bruzelius, E., & Martins, S. S. (2022). U.S. trends in drug overdose mortality among pregnant and postpartum persons, 2017–2020. JAMA , 328 (21), 2159–2161. doi.org/10.1001/jama.2022.17045
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2018, October 31). HRQOL concepts . www.cdc.gov/hrqol/concept.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019a, July 30). Coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, and stroke: A public health issue . www.cdc.gov/aging/publicatio...ase-brief.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019b, August 7). Caregiving for family and friends: A public health issue . www.cdc.gov/aging/caregiving...ver-brief.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020a, April 28). Smoking during pregnancy . www.cdc.gov/tobacco/basic_in...cts/pregnancy/
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020b, May 12). Risk and protective factors . Elder abuse. www.cdc.gov/violencepreventi...vefactors.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020c, September 21). Why schools? www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/abo...hy_schools.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020d, October 26). Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias . www.cdc.gov/aging/aginginfo/alzheimers.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021a, February 22). Middle childhood (6–8 years of age) . www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdeve...ng/middle.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021b, February 22). Middle childhood (9–11 years of age) . www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdeve...g/middle2.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021c, February 22). Preschoolers (3–5 years of age) . www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdeve...schoolers.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021d, February 22). Teenagers (15–17 years of age) . www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdeve...lescence2.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021e, February 22). Young teens (12–14 years of age) . www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdeve...olescence.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021f, April 2). Cancer . www.cdc.gov/tobacco/basic_in...ncer/index.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021g, June 2). Fast facts: Preventing elder abuse . www.cdc.gov/violencepreventi.../fastfact.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021h, June 9). Basics about COPD . www.cdc.gov/copd/basics-about.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021i, June 23). Outpatient care . STEADI—older adult fall prevention. www.cdc.gov/steadi/outpatient-care.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021j, July 19). Coronary artery disease (CAD) . www.cdc.gov/heartdisease/coronary_ad.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021k, September 1). Cancer prevention in early life . www.cdc.gov/cancer/dcpc/prev.../childhood.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021l, October 12). National statistics . Arthritis. www.cdc.gov/arthritis/data_s...tatistics.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021m, November 21). Violence education tools online (VetoViolence) . www.cdc.gov/violencepreventi...rces/veto.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021n, November 29). Newborn screening portal . www.cdc.gov/newbornscreening/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021o). For pregnant women: A positive Zika virus test What does it mean for me? www.cdc.gov/pregnancy/zika/p...itive-test.pdf
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022a, January 28 ). Information for parents of infants & toddlers (approximate ages 0–3) . Parent information. www.cdc.gov/parents/infants/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022b, February 25). HEADS UP . www.cdc.gov/headsup/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022c, February 28). Chronic kidney disease basics . www.cdc.gov/kidneydisease/basics.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022d, April 6). Preventing abusive head trauma . www.cdc.gov/violencepreventi...ad-Trauma.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022e, April 15). Diabetes risk factors . www.cdc.gov/diabetes/basics/risk-factors.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022f, April 29). Developmental disabilities . www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/developme...ies/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022g, June 22). Infant mortality . www.cdc.gov/reproductiveheal...tmortality.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022h, June 28). About SUID and SIDS . www.cdc.gov/sids/about/index.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022i, June 28). Parents and caregivers . Sudden unexpected infant death and sudden infant death syndrome. www.cdc.gov/sids/Parents-Caregivers.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022j, June 29). National Diabetes Statistics Report . www.cdc.gov/diabetes/data/st...ort/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022k, August 4). Comorbidities . Arthritis. www.cdc.gov/arthritis/data_s...orbidities.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022l, August 11). Understanding exposure risks . COVID-19. www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019...-exposure.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022m, August 25). Talk to Nathan . Prostate cancer. www.cdc.gov/cancer/prostate/talk-to-nathan/
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022n, August 29). Check your drinking. Make a plan to drink less . www.cdc.gov/alcohol/CheckYou...ing/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022o, September 7). Alzheimer’s disease: Genes do not equal destiny [Audio podcast episode]. In Aging and Health Matters . tools.cdc.gov/medialibrary/i...edia/id/402234
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022p, October 24). Key facts about influenza (flu) . www.cdc.gov/flu/about/keyfacts.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022q, November 1). Preterm birth . www.cdc.gov/reproductiveheal...etermbirth.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022r, November 2). Risk and protective factors . Suicide prevention. www.cdc.gov/suicide/factors/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022s, November 4). Alcohol use during pregnancy . Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs). www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/fasd/alcohol-use.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022t, December 12). Tiffany R.’s story . Tips From Former Smokers ® . www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign...s/tiffany.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022u, December 27). Lifestyle change program details . National Diabetes Prevention Program. www.cdc.gov/diabetes/prevent...p-details.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022v, December 30). Gestational diabetes . www.cdc.gov/diabetes/basics/gestational.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022w, December 30). PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome) and diabetes . www.cdc.gov/diabetes/basics/pcos.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022x). Testing guidance: Zika and Dengue testing guidance . www.cdc.gov/zika/hc-provider...-guidance.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023a). Recommended adult immunization schedule for ages 19 years or older . www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedul...d-schedule.pdf
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023b). Recommended child and adolescent immunization schedule for ages 18 years or younger . www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedul...d-schedule.pdf
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023c, February 13). U.S. teen girls experiencing increased sadness and violence . CDC Newsroom. www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2...0213-yrbs.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023d, March 7). How Right Now . www.cdc.gov/howrightnow/
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023e, March 13). Vaccines (shots) . Cancer. www.cdc.gov/cancer/dcpc/prev...accination.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023f, March 14). What Works in Schools . www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/whatworks/index.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023g, March 23). Pregnancy Mortality Surveillance System . www.cdc.gov/reproductiveheal...nce-system.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023h, April 27). About STEADI . www.cdc.gov/steadi/about.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023i, May 4). About stroke . www.cdc.gov/stroke/about.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023j, May 4). Know your risk for stroke . www.cdc.gov/stroke/risk_factors.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023k, June 6). LGBTQ+ youth: Addressing health disparities with a school-based approach . www.cdc.gov/lgbthealth/youth.htm
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. (2022, April). CMS framework for health equity 2022–2032 . https://www.cms.gov/files/document/c...quity-2022.pdf
Chacko, M. R. (2023). Pregnancy in adolescents. UpToDate . Retrieved April 15, 2023, from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/pr...lescents/print
Chang, G. (2023). Substance use during pregnancy: Overview of selected drugs. UpToDate . Retrieved April 15, 2023, from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/su...selected-drugs
Chasen, S. T. (2022). Twin pregnancy: Overview. UpToDate . Retrieved April 15, 2023, from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/tw...nancy-overview
Cleveland Clinic. (2023a, January 18). Childhood asthma . my.clevelandclinic.org/healt...ma-in-children
Cleveland Clinic. (2023b, March 27). Developmental delay in children . my.clevelandclinic.org/healt...oms-and-causes
Cohen, E., Mackenzie, R. G., & Yates, G. L. (1991). HEADSS, a psychosocial risk assessment instrument: Implications for designing effective intervention programs for runaway youth. Journal of Adolescent Health , 12 (7), 539–544. https://doi.org/10.1016/0197-0070(91)90084-y
Coppard, B. M., Coover, K., Faulkner, M. A., & Flynn, B. (2019). Use of medications by elders. In H. L. Lohman, S. Byers-Connon, & R. L. Padilla (Eds.), Occupational therapy with elders: Strategies for the COTA (4th ed., pp. 170–185). Mosby. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-49846-3.00013-5
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. (n.d.). Definitions & terms . Safe to Sleep. National Institutes of Health. https://safetosleep.nichd.nih.gov/about/terms
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. (2018, November 6). What are some risk factors that make a pregnancy high risk? National Institutes of Health. https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/top...oninfo/factors
Federal Interagency Forum on Aging-Related Statistics. (2020). Older Americans 2020: Key indicators of well-being . U.S. Government Printing Office. https://agingstats.gov/docs/LatestRe...8_10142020.pdf
Fibla, L., Kosie, J. E., Kircher, R., Lew-Williams, C., & Byers-Heinlein, K. (2022). Bilingual language development in infancy: What can we do to support bilingual families? Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences , 9 (1), 35-43. doi.org/10.1177/23727322211069312
Fretts, R. C. (2022). Effects of advanced maternal age on pregnancy. UpToDate . Retrieved April 15, 2023, from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/ef...e-on-pregnancy
Ghanem, J. G., & Tuddenham, S. (2022, May 26). Screening for sexually transmitted infections. UpToDate . Retrieved August 27, 2023, from https://www-uptodate-com.msu.idm.ocl...ted-infections
Golsäter, M., Fiallos, M. K., Vestvik, S. O., Anefur, H., & Harder, M. (2023). Child health care nurses’ cultural competence in health visits with children of foreign background. Nursing Open , 10 (3), 1426–1436. doi.org/10.1002/nop2.1393
Head Start. (2023). Cultural perspectives in caregiving: Applying relationship-based practices . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families. https://eclkc.ohs.acf.hhs.gov/cultur...ased-practices
Health in Aging Foundation. (2019, June). Home safety tips for older adults . https://www.healthinaging.org/sites/...fetyJune19.pdf
Highmark. (2023a). 2023 adult preventive health guidelines: Ages 19 through 64 years . content.highmarkprc.com/File...nes-19to64.pdf
Highmark. (2023b). 2023 preventive health guidelines for members 65 years of age and older . content.highmarkprc.com/File...65andolder.pdf
Hodin, S. (2018, September 28). The struggle to provide culturally-appropriate maternity care . Maternal Health Task Force at the Harvard Chan School. https://www.mhtf.org/2017/09/28/the-...aternity-care/
Howell, B. M. (2020). Interactions between diet, physical activity, and the sociocultural environment for older adult health in the urban subarctic. Journal of Community Health , 45 , 252–263. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-019-00737-3
Hughes, B. L., & Cu-Uvin, S. (2023). Intrapartum and postpartum management of pregnant women with HIV and infant prophylaxis in resource-rich settings . UpToDate . Retrieved April 13, 2023, from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/in...-rich-settings
Institute for Healthcare Improvement. (n.d.). Age-Friendly Health Systems https://www.ihi.org/initiatives/age-...health-systems
Jackson, K. H., & Mixer, S. J. (2017). Using an iPad for basic communication between Spanish-speaking families and nurses in pediatric acute care: A feasibility pilot study. CIN: Computers, Informatics, Nursing , 35 (8), 401–407. doi.org/10.1097/CIN.0000000000000354
Johnson, K. E. (2023). Overview of TORCH infections. UpToDate . Retrieved August 27, 2023, from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/ov...rch-infections
Jones, E., Lattof, S. R., & Coast, E. (2017). Interventions to provide culturally-appropriate maternity care services: Factors affecting implementation. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth , 17 , 267. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-017-1449-7
Kling, H. E., D’Agostino, E. M., Booth, J. V., Patel, H., Hansen, E., Mathew, M. S., & Messiah, S. E. (2018). The effect of a park-based physical activity program on cardiovascular, strength, and mobility outcomes among a sample of racially/ethnically diverse adults aged 55 or older. Preventing Chronic Disease , 15 , E166. doi.org/10.5888/pcd15.180326
Ko, J. Y., D’Angelo, D. V, Haight, S. C., Morrow, B., Cox, S., von Essen, B. S., Strahan, A. e., Harrison, L., Tevendale, H. D., Warner, L., Kroelinger, C. D., & Barfield, W. D. (2020). Vital Signs : Prescription opioid pain reliever use during pregnancy—34 U.S. jurisdictions, 2019. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report , 69 (28), 897–903. doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6928a1
Le, A. B., & Rosen, J. D. (2021). It is time to implement primary prevention in the workplace to ameliorate the ongoing U.S. opioid epidemic. New Solutions , 31 (3), 210–218. doi.10.1177/10482911211039880
Lenartowicz, M. (2022). Prevention of disease in older adults. In Merck Manual Professional Version . Retrieved May 15, 2023, from https://www.merckmanuals.com/profess...n-older-adults
Lockwood, C. J., & Magriples, U. (2023). Prenatal care: Patient education, health promotion, and safety of commonly used drugs. UpToDate . Retrieved April 15, 2023, from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/pr...nly-used-drugs
Ma, G. X., Bhimla, A., Zhu, L., Beeber, M., Aczon, F., Tan, Y, Quinn, S. B., Khan, O., & Gadegbeku, C. A. (2020). Development of an intervention to promote physical activity and reduce dietary sodium intake for prevention hypertension and chronic disease in Filipino Americans. Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities , 8 (2), 283–292. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40615-020-00781-z
Mandy, G. T. (2021). Short-term complications of the preterm infant. UpToDate . Retrieved August 27, 2023, from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/sh...preterm-infant
Mandy, G. T. (2023). Overview of the long-term complications of preterm birth. UpToDate . Retrieved August 27, 2023, from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/ov...-preterm-birth
March of Dimes. (2023, January). Preeclampsia . https://www.marchofdimes.org/find-su...y/preeclampsia
Marques, M. B., Coutinho, J. F. V., Martins, M. C., Lopes, M. V. O., Maia, J. C., & Silva, M. J. D. (2019). Educational intervention to promote self-care in older adults with diabetes mellitus. Revista de Escola de Enfermagem da USP , 53 , e03517. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1980-220X2018026703517
Mayo Clinic. (2019). Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children . https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-...s/syc-20350889
Mayo Clinic. (2023). Maintaining good health . https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-l...y/hlv-20049421
MedlinePlus. (2021). Fall risk assessment . Retrieved August 27, 2023, from https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/fa...sk-assessment/
MedlinePlus. (2022). Aging changes in the senses . MedlinePlus. Retrieved August 27, 2023, from https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/004013.htm
Melariri, H., Osoba, T. A., Williams, M., & Melariri, P. (2022). An assessment of nurses’ participation in health promotion: A knowledge, perception, and practice perspective. Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene , 63 (1), E27–E34. https://doi.org/10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2022.63.1.2209
National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2022a, March 18). Promoting health for infants . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/r...ant-health.htm
National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2022b, May 23). Promoting health for children and adolescents . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/r...ren-health.htm
National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2022c, September 8). Promoting health for adults . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/r...for-adults.htm
National Center for Health Statistics. (2021). Underlying cause of death by single race 2018–2021 [Data set]. CDC WONDER. https://wonder.cdc.gov/ucd-icd10-expanded.html
National Center for Health Statistics. (2022, August 31). Life expectancy in the U.S. dropped for the second year in a row in 2021 . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. www.cdc.gov/nchs/pressroom/n...2/20220831.htm
National Center for Health Statistics. (2023a). Health, United States, 2020–2021: Annual perspective . U.S. Department of Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. doi.org/10.15620/cdc:122044
National Center for Health Statistics. (2023b, January 18). Adolescent health . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/ado...ent-health.htm
National Center for Health Statistics. (2023c, January 18). Child health . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/child-health.htm
National Center for Health Statistics. (2023d, February 7). Older persons’ health . www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/old...can-health.htm
National Center on Parent, Family, and Community Engagement. (2020). Family engagement and cultural perspectives: Applying strengths-based attitudes . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families. childcareta.acf.hhs.gov/site...08_2-20-18.pdf
National Center on Substance Abuse and Child Welfare. (n.d.). Neonatal abstinence syndrome . ncsacw.acf.hhs.gov/topics/ne...-syndrome.aspx
National Council on Aging. (2022, March 30). Senior center spotlight: Intercultural Senior Center evolves to serve seniors with language barriers . https://ncoa.org/article/senior-cent...guage-barriers
National Foundation for Infectious Diseases. (2023). Coronaviruses . www.nfid.org/infectious-dise...coronaviruses/
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. (2017, January). Pregnancy if you have diabetes . National Institutes of Health. https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-inf...etes-pregnancy
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. (2023, February 1). Children’s environmental health . https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/top...dren/index.cfm
National Institute on Aging. (2021, May 14). What are palliative care and hospice care? National Institutes of Health. www.nia.nih.gov/health/what-...d-hospice-care
Negussie, Y., Geller, A., & DeVoe, J. E. (2019). Vibrant and healthy kids: Aligning science, practice, and policy to advance health equity . National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551486/
New York State Department of Health. (2017). Birth defects . www.health.ny.gov/diseases/birth_defects/
Oduyebo, T., Polen, K. D., Walke, H. T., Reagan-Steiner, S., Lathrop, E., Rabe, I. B., Kuhnert-Tallman, W. L., Martin, S. W., Walker, A. T., Gregory, C. J., Ades, E. W., Carroll, D. S., Rivera, M., Perez-Padilla, J., Gould, C., Nemhauser, J. B., Beard, C. B., Harcourt, J. L., Viens, L., . . . Meaney-Delman, D. (2017). Update: Interim guidance for health care providers caring for pregnant women with possible Zika virus exposure—United States (including U.S. territories), July 2017. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report , 66 (29), 781–793. doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6629e1
Office of Child Care. (n.d.). Your child’s health . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families. https://childcare.gov/consumer-educa...-childs-health
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-a). Child and adolescent development . Healthy People 2030. https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...nt-development
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-b). Children . Healthy People 2030. https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...tives/children
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-c). Infants . Healthy People 2030. https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...ctives/infants
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-d). Men . Healthy People 2030. https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...objectives/men
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-e). Nutrition and healthy eating . Healthy People 2030. https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...healthy-eating
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-f). Older adults . Healthy People 2030. https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...s/older-adults
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-g). Pregnancy and childbirth . Healthy People 2030. https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...and-childbirth
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-h). Reduce fall-related deaths among older adults—IVP-08 . Healthy People 2030. https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...-adults-ivp-08
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-i). Women . https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...jectives/women
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2021, August 26). Protecting children from secondhand smoke exposure in Alaska . https://health.gov/news/201804/prote...xposure-alaska
Office of the Surgeon General. (2020). Strategies and actions: Improving maternal health and reducing maternal mortality and morbidity. In The surgeon general’s call to action to improve maternal health . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568218/
Office on Women’s Health. (2021a, February 22). Autoimmune diseases . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://www.womenshealth.gov/a-z-top...mmune-diseases
Office on Women’s Health. (2021b, February 22). Sexually transmitted infections, pregnancy, and breastfeeding . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://www.womenshealth.gov/a-z-top...-breastfeeding
Okoniewski, W., Sadaram, M., Chaves-Gnecco, D., McAnany, K., Cowden, J. D., & Ragavan. M. (2022). Culturally sensitive interventions in pediatric primary care settings: A systematic review. Pediatrics , 149 (2), 34–61. doi.org/10.1542/peds.2021-052162
Oshunluyi, E. (2020). Providing hypertension education to African immigrants at a Southern California congregation during the COVID-19 pandemic [Doctoral project, University of San Francisco]. USF Scholarship Repository. https://repository.usfca.edu/cgi/vie...50&context=dnp
Osterman, M. J. K., Hamilton, B. E., Martin, J. A., Driscoll, A. K., & Valenzuela, C. P. (2022). Births: Final data for 2020. National Vital Statistics Reports , 70 (17), 1–49. www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/n.../nvsr70-17.pdf
Parulekar, M. S., & Rogers, C. K. (2018). Polypharmacy and mobility. In D. X. Cifu, H. L. Lew, & M. Oh-Park (Eds.), Geriatric rehabilitation (pp. 121–129). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-54454-2.00009-1
Prenatal-to-3 Policy Impact Center. (2021). Why do we focus on the prenatal-to-3 age period? Understanding the importance of the earliest years . https://pn3policy.org/why-do-we-focu...arliest-years/
Public Education Foundation. (2015, January 29). Literacy, early learning & family engagement [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/r7PN8BHb3yc
Ramsey, P. S., & Schenken, R. S. (2022). Obesity in pregnancy: Complications and maternal management. UpToDate . Retrieved April 13, 2023, from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/ob...nal-management
Reis, F. J. J., Nijs, J., Parker, R., Sharma, S., & Wideman, T. H. (2022). Culture and musculoskeletal pain: Strategies, challenges, and future directions to develop culturally sensitive care. Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy , 26 (5), 100442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjpt.2022.100442
ResponsAble Safety Staffing. (2018, February 9). 5 ways to prevent musculoskeletal disorders . https://responsablestaffing.com/musc...tal-disorders/
Ross, D. S. (2022). Hyperthyroidism during pregnancy: Treatment. UpToDate . Retrieved April 13, 2023, from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hy...ancy-treatment
Ross, D. S. (2023). Hypothyroidism during pregnancy: Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment. UpToDate . Retrieved April 13, 2023, from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hy...-and-treatment
Seither, R., Laury, J., Mugerwa-Kasujja, A., Knighton, C. L., & Black, C. L. (2022). Vaccination coverage with selected vaccines and exemption rates among children in kindergarten—United States, 2020–21 school year. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report , 71 (16), 561–568. doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7116a1
Seligman, N. S., Rosenthal, E., & Berghella, V. (2023). Overview of management of opioid use disorder during pregnancy. UpToDate . Retrieved April 15, 2023, from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/ov...ring-pregnancy
Senn, T. (2020). Sexual risk behavior. In M. D. Gellman & J. R. Turner (Eds.), Encyclopedia of behavioral medicine (2nd ed., pp. 1779–1782). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_670
SeyedAlinaghi, S., Karimi, A., Mojdeganlou, H., Alilou, S., Mirghaderi, S. P., Noori, T., Shamsabadi, A., Dadras, O., Vahedi, F., Mohammadi, P., Shojaei, A., Mahdiabadi, S., Janfaza, N., Lonbar, A. K., Mehraeen, & Sabatier, J. (2022). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on routine vaccination coverage of children and adolescents: A systematic review. Health Science Reports , 5 (2), e00516. doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.216
Shachar, B. Z., & Lyell, D. J. (2023). Interpregnancy interval: Optimizing time between pregnancies. UpToDate . Retrieved April 15, 2023, from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/in...en-pregnancies
Sharma, A., & Nagalli, S. (2022, July 4). Chronic liver disease. In StatPearls . StatPearls Publishing. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554597/
Sharma, V. (2020, August 13). Thyroid health—management of hypothyroidism during pregnancy: When and how to treat? American Thyroid Association. https://www.thyroid.org/management-h...ism-pregnancy/
Solhi, M., Abbasi, K., Azar, F. E. F., & Hosseini, A. (2019). Effect of health literacy education on self-care in pregnant women: A randomized controlled clinical trial. International Journal of Community Based Nursing and Midwifery , 7 (1), 2–12. https://doi.org/10.30476/IJCBNM.2019.40841
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2022). National guidelines for child and youth behavioral health crisis care . https://store.samhsa.gov/sites/defau...-01-02-001.pdf
Tikkanen, R., Gunja, M. Z., FitzGerald, M., & Zephrin, L. (2020, November). Maternal mortality and maternity care in the United States compared to 10 other developed countries . Commonwealth Fund. doi.org/10.26099/411v-9255
Tivity Health. (2023). SilverSneakers . https://tools.silversneakers.com/
UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital. (2023a). Your 3- to 4-year-old . University of California San Francisco. www.ucsfbenioffchildrens.org...-to-4-year-old
UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital. (2023b). Your 6- to 9-year-old . University of California San Francisco. www.ucsfbenioffchildrens.org...-to-9-year-old
Unidos U.S. (2020, May). What are “linguistically responsive practices” and why are they an essential ingredient of “high quality” early childhood education? https://unidosus.org/wp-content/uplo...f_50420_sp.pdf
United States Census Bureau. (2022, November). Historical living arrangements of adults . https://www.census.gov/data/tables/t...es/adults.html
University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute. (2023). Quality of life . County Health Rankings & Roadmaps. Retrieved May 13, 2023, from https://www.countyhealthrankings.org...uality-of-life
U.S. Cancer Statistics Working Group. (2022). Cancer statistics at a glance . https://gis.cdc.gov/Cancer/USCS/#/AtAGlance/
U.S. Department of Agriculture. (2020). Dietary guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025 . https://www.dietaryguidelines.gov/si..._2020-2025.pdf
Vaivada, T., Sharma, N., Das, J. K., Salam, R. A., Lassi, Z. S., Bhutta, Z. A. (2022.) Interventions for Health and Well-Being in School-Aged Children and Adolescents: A Way Forward. Pediatrics 149 (6). doi.org/10.1542/peds.2021-053852M
Vanderslott, S., Dattani, S., Spooner, F., & Roser, M. (2022). Vaccination . Our World In Data. https://ourworldindata.org/vaccination
Viguera, A. (2023). Postpartum unipolar major depression: Epidemiology, clinical features, assessment, and diagnosis. UpToDate . Retrieved April 15, 2023, from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/po...-and-diagnosis
Weir, K. (2023). Ageism is one of the last socially acceptable prejudices. Psychologists are working to change that. Monitor on Psychology , 54 (2), 36. https://www.apa.org/monitor/2023/03/...ncept-of-aging
World Bank Group. (2023). Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) . https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.IMRT.IN
World Health Organization. (2017). Working with individuals, families, and communities to improve maternal and newborn health: A toolkit for implementation . apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/254989
World Health Organization. (2018). WHO recommendations for non-clinical interventions to reduce unnecessary caesarean sections . apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/...8-eng.pdf?ua=1
World Health Organization. (2019, June 20). Medication safety in polypharmacy: Technical report . https://www.who.int/publications/i/i...HC-SDS-2019.11
World Health Organization. (2021, June 9). Obesity and overweight . https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-s...and-overweight
World Health Organization. (2022a). World health statistics 2022: Monitoring health for the SDGs, sustainable development goals . https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240051157
World Health Organization. (2022b, January 2). Older children and young adolescent mortality (5 to 14 years) . https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-s...5-to-14-years)
World Health Organization. (2022c, January 28). Older adolescent (15 to 19 years) and young adult (20 to 24 years) mortality . www.who.int/news-room/fact-s...ars)-mortality
World Health Organization. (2022d, June 30). Self-care interventions for health . https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-s...-interventions
World Health Organization. (2023a). Ageism . https://www.who.int/health-topics/ageism
World Health Organization. (2023b). Child data . Maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health and ageing: Data portal. https://platform.who.int/data/matern...ing/child-data
World Health Organization. (2023c, February 22). Maternal mortality . https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-s...rnal-mortality
Yawetz, S. (2023). Immunizations during pregnancy. UpToDate . Retrieved April 15, 2023, from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/im...ring-pregnancy
ADA.gov. (2020). ADA requirements: Effective communication . U.S. Department of Justice, Civil Rights Division. https://www.ada.gov/resources/effect...tion/#overview
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (2022). 2022 national healthcare quality and disparities report . https://www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/f...dr/2022qdr.pdf
Alegria, M., NeMoyer, A., Falgas, I., Wang, Y., & Alvarez, K. (2018). Social determinants of mental health: Where we are and where we need to go. Current Psychiatry Reports, 20 (11), 1–20. doi:10.1007/s11920-018-0969-9
American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU). (2023). Mapping attacks on LGBTQ rights in U.S. state legislatures . https://www.aclu.org/legislative-att...n-lgbtq-rights
Beiner, C. (2022). Homeless youth and children are wildly undercounted, advocates say. NPR. https://www.npr.org/2022/02/15/10737...-advocates-say
Bhatt, J., & Bathija, P. (2018). Ensuring access to quality health care in vulnerable communities. Academic Medicine, 93 (9), 1271–1275. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000002254
Bonzanto, T., Swan, B. A., & Gaughan, J. P. (2019). Examining the capacity of registered nurses to deliver culturally competent health care to veterans and their families. Journal of Nursing Care Quality, 34 (4), 358–363.
Braveman, P. A., Arkin, E., Proctor, D., Kauh, T., & Holm, N. (2022). Systemic and structural racism: Definitions, examples, health damages, and approaches to dismantling. Health Affairs, 41 (2), 171–178. doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2021.01394
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019a). Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). CDC Vital Signs . www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/aces/...105-aces-H.pdf
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019b). Disability and obesity . www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/disabilit...h/obesity.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019c). Health considerations for LGBTQ youth . www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/dis...gbtq-youth.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019d). Health disparities among LGBTQ youth . https://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/dis...gbtq-youth.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019e). Protective factors for LGBTQ youth . www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/dis...gbtq-youth.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019f). Resilience and transgender youth . www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/disparities/ryt.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020a). Common barriers to participation experienced by people with disabilities . www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/disabilit...-barriers.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020b). Disability and health inclusion strategies . www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/disabilit...trategies.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020c). Disability and health information for health care providers. www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/disabilit...ealth/hcp.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020d). Disability and health related conditions . www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/disabilit...onditions.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020e). Disability and health overview . www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/disabilit...isability.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020f). Disability and healthy living . www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/disabilit...thyliving.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020g). Disability inclusion . www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/disabilit...inclusion.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020h). Health disparities . www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/dis...ties/index.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021a). Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) . www.cdc.gov/violencepreventi...ces/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021b). Vital signs: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) . www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/aces/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022a). Fast facts: Preventing adverse childhood experiences . www.cdc.gov/violencepreventi.../fastfact.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022b). Unfair and unjust practices harm LGBTQ+ people and drive health disparities . www.cdc.gov/tobacco/health-e...nd-unjust.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022c). What is health equity? www.cdc.gov/healthequity/whatis/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023a). Adverse childhood experiences resources . www.cdc.gov/violencepreventi...resources.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023b). We can prevent childhood adversity . www.cdc.gov/violencepreventi...adversity.html
Cha, A. E., & Cohen, R. A. (2022). Demographic variation in health insurance coverage: United States, 2021 . National Health Statistics Reports, 177 . www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nhsr/nhsr177.pdf
Collins, S. R., Haynes, L. A., & Masitha, R. (2022). The state of U.S. health insurance in 2022: Findings from the Commonwealth Fund Biennial Health Insurance Survey . Commonwealth Fund. https://www.commonwealthfund.org/sit...ey_2022_db.pdf
Commonwealth Fund. (2023). Vulnerable populations . www.commonwealthfund.org/tre...le-populations
Crankshaw, K. (2023). Disability rates higher in rural areas than urban areas. United States Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/library/stori...ban-areas.html
Creamer, J., Shrider, E. A., Burns, K., & Chen, F. (2022). Poverty in the United States: 2021 . United States Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/library/publi...o/p60-277.html
Crocker, A. F., & Smith, S. N. (2019). Person-first language: Are we practicing what we preach? Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, 12 , 125–129. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S140067
Crowley, R., Atiq, O., Hilden, D., & Gooney, T. G. (2021). Health care for our nation’s veterans: A policy paper from the American College of Physicians. Annals of Internal Medicine, 174 (11), 1600–1602. doi.org/10.7326/M21-2392
D’Aoust, R. F., & Rossiter, A. G. (2021). Caring for veterans and their families: A guide for nurses and healthcare professionals . Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Duan-Porter, W., Martinson, B. C., Greer, N., Taylor, B. C., Ullman, K., McKenzie, L., Rosebush, C., MacDonald, R., Falde, S., & Wilt, T. J. (2018). Evidence review: Social determinants of health for veterans. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 33 (10), 1785–1795. doi: 10.1007/s11606-018-4566-8
Elliott, B., Chargualaf, K. A., & Patterson, B. (Eds.). (2021). Veteran-centered care in education and practice: An essential guide for nursing faculty. Springer Publishing Company. doi: 10.1891/9780826135971
Emery, L.H., LePrevost, C.E., Cofie, L.E. & Lee, J.G.L. (2022). Community health workers’ role in addressing farmworker health disparities . Journal of Agromedicine, 27:4, 391-401, www.tandfonline.com/doi/full...X.2022.2040069
Engelman, A., Craig, L., & Iles, A. (2022). Global disability justice in climate disasters: Mobilizing people with disabilities as change agents. Health Affairs, 41 (10), 1496 – 1504. doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2022.00474
Evagora-Campbell, M., Zahidie, A., Buse, K., Rabbani, F., & Hawkes, S. (2022). Promoting labour migrant health equity through action on the structural determinants: A systematic review. Journal of Migration and Health, 5 (100082), 1–11. doi: 10.1016/j.jmh.2022.100082
Farmworker Justice. (2023). Who are farmworkers? https://www.farmworkerjustice.org/ab.../who-we-serve/
Ferrari, F., Imperato, C., & Mancini, T. (2021). Heteronormativity and the justification of gender hierarchy: Investigating the archival data from 16 European countries. Frontiers in Psychology, 12 (686974), 1–12. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.686974
Fischer, W., Acosta, S., & Gartland, E. (2021). More housing vouchers: Most important step to help more people afford stable homes. Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. www.cbpp.org/research/housin...d-stable-homes
Hargreaves, M. K., Mouton, C. P., Liu, J., Zhou, Y. E., & Blot, W. J. (2019). Adverse childhood experiences and health care utilization in a low-income population. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved, 30 (2), 749–767. doi: 10.1353/hpu.2019.0054
Harvard University Center on the Developing Child. (2023). Toxic stress . https://developingchild.harvard.edu/.../toxic-stress/
Human Rights Campaign. (2023). Glossary of Terms. https://www.hrc.org/resources/glossary-of-terms
Inderstrodt, J. M., Wadsworth, S. M., & Williams, K. (2022). Comparing VA and non-VA medical centers: Informing veteran health care choice at the MISSION Act watershed. Journal of Veterans Studies, 8 (3), 93–101. doi: 10.21061/jvs.v8i3.343
Institute for Children, Poverty & Homelessness. (2018). The intimate relationship between domestic violence and homelessness . www.icphusa.org/commentary/t...omelessness-2/
Institute for Research on Poverty. (n.d.). How is poverty measured? https://www.irp.wisc.edu/resources/h...erty-measured/
Knifton, L., & Inglis, G. (2020). Poverty and mental health: Policy, practice and research implications. BJPsych Bulletin, 44 (5), 193–196. doi: 10.1192/bjb.2020.78
LA Community Alliance. (n.d.). Why “houseless” instead of “homeless”? https://www.lacommunityalliance.org/...blog/houseless
Lagu, T., Haywood, C., Reimold, K., DeJong, C., Sterling, R. W., and Iezzoni, L. I. (2022). “I am not the doctor for you”: Physicians’ attitudes about caring for people with disabilities. Health Affairs, 41 (10), 1387–1395. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2022.00475
Lesbian & Gay Community Services Center, Inc. (2023). What Is LGBTQIA+? https://gaycenter.org/community/lgbtq/
Macintyre, A., Ferris, D., Goncalves, B., & Quinn, N. (2018). What has economics got to do with it? The impact of socioeconomic factors on mental health and the case for collective action. Palgrave Communications, 4 (10), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-018-0063-2
Magwood, O., Salvalaggio, G., Beder, M., Kendall, C., Kpade, V., Daghmach, W., Habonimana, G., Marshall, Z., Snyder, E., O’Shea, T., Lennox, R., Hsu, H., Tugwell, P., & Pottie, K. (2020). The effectiveness of substance use interventions for homeless and vulnerably housed persons: A systematic review of supervised consumption facilities, managed alcohol programs, and pharmacological agents for opioid use disorder. PLoS ONE, 1 (15), 1–31. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227298
Mcenroe-Petitte, D. M. (2020). Caring for patients who are homeless. Nursing, 50 (3), 24–30. doi: 10.1097/01.NURSE.0000654600.98061.61
McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act as amended by S.896 The Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing (HEARTH) Act of 2009, 42 U.S.C. § 11302 et seq . (2009). https://www.hud.gov/sites/documents/HAAA_HEARTH.PDF
Medina-Martinez, J., Saus-Ortega, C., Sanchez-Lorente, M. M., Sosa-Palanca, E. M., Garcia-Martinez, P., & Marmol-Lopez, M. I. (2021). Health inequities in LGBT people and nursing interventions to reduce them: A systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18 (22), 1–16. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182211801
Migrant Clinicians Network. (2023a). Migrant health issues. https://www.migrantclinician.org/exp...th-issues.html
Migrant Clinicians Network. (2023b). The Migrant/Seasonal Farmworker. https://www.migrantclinician.org/exp...armworker.html
Migrant Clinicians Network. (2023c). Understanding Migration. https://www.migrantclinician.org/exp...migration.html
Mitra, M., Long-Bellil, L., Moura, I., Miles, A., & Kaye, H. S. (2022). Advancing health equity and reducing health disparities for people with disabilities in the United States. Health Affairs, 41 (10), 1379–1386. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2022.00499
Morris, M., Cooper, R. L., Ramesh, A., Tabatabai, M., Arcury, T. A., Shinn, M., Im, W., Juarez, P., & Matthews-Juarez, P. (2019). Training to reduce LGBTQ-related bias among medical, nursing, and dental students and providers: A systematic review. BMC Medical Education, 19 (325), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-019-1727-3
Mosel, S. (2023). Substance abuse and homelessness: Statistics and rehab treatment. American Addiction Centers. americanaddictioncenters.org...guide/homeless
Movement Advancement Project. (2023). Nondiscrimination laws . https://www.lgbtmap.org/equality-map...imination_laws
Moxley, V. B., Hoj, T. H., Novilla, M. L. (2020). Predicting homelessness among individuals diagnosed with substance use disorders using local treatment records. Addictive Behaviors, 102 , 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.106160
National Alliance to End Homelessness. (2022a). Housing first. https://endhomelessness.org/resource/housing-first/
National Alliance to End Homelessness. (2022b). State of homelessness: 2022 edition. https://endhomelessness.org/homeless...-homelessness/
National Alliance to End Homelessness. (2023a). Children and families . https://endhomelessness.org/homeless...-and-families/
National Alliance to End Homelessness. (2023b). Domestic violence. https://endhomelessness.org/homeless...stic-violence/
National Center for Farmworker Health. (2018a). Child labor in agriculture . http://www.ncfh.org/child-labor-fact-sheet.html
National Center for Farmworker Health. (2018b). Maternal & child health fact sheet . http://www.ncfh.org/maternal-and-chi...act-sheet.html
National Center for Farmworker Health. (2018c). Oral health . http://www.ncfh.org/oral-health-fact-sheet.html
National Center for Farmworker Health. (2021a). Food insecurity among agricultural communities . www.ncfh.org/food-insecurity-fact-sheet.html
National Center for Farmworker Health. (2021b). Migrant health program . http://www.ncfh.org/uploads/3/8/6/8/...tion_final.pdf
National Center for Farmworker Health. (2021c). A profile of migrant health: 2021 Uniform Data System (UDS) analysis . http://www.ncfh.org/uploads/3/8/6/8/...port_2021_.pdf
National Center for Farmworker Health. (2022). Facts about agricultural workers . http://www.ncfh.org/facts-about-agri...act-sheet.html
National Coalition Against Domestic Violence [NCADV]. (2020). National statistics . https://ncadv.org/STATISTICS
National Coalition for the Homeless. (2006). McKinney-Vento Act. www.nationalhomeless.org/pub...s/McKinney.pdf
National Coalition for the Homeless. (2022a). Homelessness in the US: Why are people homeless? https://nationalhomeless.org/homelessness-in-the-us/
National Coalition for the Homeless. (2022b). Housing . https://nationalhomeless.org/issues/housing/
National Conference for Community and Justice. (2021). Ability . https://nccj.org/resources/ableism/
National Council on Disability. (n.d.). The current state of health care for people with disabilities . www.ncd.gov/publications/2009/Sept302009
National Council on Disability. (2023). Framework to end health disparities of people with disabilities . ncd.gov/sites/default/files/...sabilities.pdf
National Health Care for the Homeless Council [NHCHC]. (2019). Homelessness & health: What’s the connection? https://nhchc.org/wp-content/uploads...and-health.pdf
National LGBT Health Education Center. (2018). Learning to address implicit bias towards LGBTQ patients: Case scenarios . https://www.lgbtqiahealtheducation.o...2018_Final.pdf
National Low Income Housing Coalition. (2022). Out of reach: The high cost of living . https://nlihc.org/sites/default/file..._Mini-Book.pdf
National Low Income Housing Coalition. (2023). The problem . https://nlihc.org/explore-issues/why-we-care/problem
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020a). Language and Literacy . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Healthy People 2023. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...e-and-literacy
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020b). LGBT. Healthy People 2023. US Department of Health and Human Services. https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...bjectives/lgbt
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020c). Poverty . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Healthy People 2023. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...maries/poverty
Omura, J. D., Hyde, E. T., Whitfield, G. P., Hollis, N. D., Fulton, J. E., & Carlson, S. A. (2020). Differences in perceived neighborhood environmental supports and barriers for walking between US adults with and without a disability. Preventive Medicine, 134 , 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106065
Phillips, A. (2019). Homelessness and its impact on children . The Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health. https://www.acamh.org/blog/homelessn...s-on-children/
Reisinger, H. S., Hunt, S. C., Burgo-Black, L., & Agarwal, M. A. (2012). A population approach to mitigating the long-term health effects of combat deployments. Preventing Chronic Disease, 9 (110116), 1–7. doi: dx.doi.org/10.5888/pcd9.110116
Rittenberg, E. (2018). Trauma-informed care: Reflections of a primary care doctor in the wake of the Kavanaugh hearing. New England Journal of Medicine, 379 , 2094–2095. doi: 10.1056/NEJMp1813497
Rummler, O. (2022). 10 Anti-LGBTQ bills go into effect across six states . Truthout. https://truthout.org/articles/10-ant...ss-six-states/
Schuler, M. S., Prince, D. M., & Collins, R. L. (2021). Disparities in social and economic determinants of health by sexual identity, gender and age: Results from the 2015–2019 national survey on drug use and health. LGBT Health, 8 (5), 330–339. doi: 10.1089/lgbt.2020.0390
Semega, J., Kollar, M., Creamer, J., & Mohanty, A. (2021). Income and poverty in the United States: 2018 . United States Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/content/dam/C...mo/p60-266.pdf
Smith-Johnson, M. (2022). Transgender adults have higher rates of disability than their cisgender counterparts. Health Affairs, 41 (1), 1470–1476. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2022.00500
Steinweg, A. (2023). Racial/ethnic disparities in disability by health condition . United States Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/library/stori...bilities.html#
USA Facts. (2023). Which states passed laws restricting school curriculum? usafacts.org/articles/which-...ol-curriculum/
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2021). BLS Reports: Characteristics of minimum wage workers 2020 . U.S. Department of Labor. www.bls.gov/opub/reports/min.../2020/home.htm
U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2023). Persons with a disability: Labor force characteristics 2022 . U.S. Department of Labor. www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/disabl.pdf
U.S. Census Bureau. (2022). Measuring America: How the Census Bureau measures poverty. https://www.census.gov/topics/income...-measures.html
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2023a). American Indian/Alaska Native . Office of Minority Health. minorityhealth.hhs.gov/omh/b...lvl=3&lvlid=62
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2023b). Caring for the health and wellness of children experiencing homelessness. Administration for Children and Families. https://eclkc.ohs.acf.hhs.gov/public...g-homelessness
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. (2022). The 2022 Annual Homelessness Assessment Report to Congress . https://www.huduser.gov/portal/sites...HAR-Part-1.pdf
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. (2019). Determining veteran status . https://www.va.gov/OSDBU/docs/Determ...ran-Status.pdf
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. (2022). Agent Orange exposure and VA disability compensation. https://www.va.gov/disability/eligib.../agent-orange/
Vela, M. B., Erondu, A. I., Smith, N. A., Peek, M. E., Woodruff, J. N., & Chin, M. H. (2022). Eliminating explicit and implicit biases in health care: Evidence and research needs. Annual Review of Public Health, 43 , 477–501. doi: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-052620-103528
Vespa, J. E. (2020). Those who served: America’s veterans from World War II to the War on Terror. American Community Survey Report . U.S. Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/content/dam/C...emo/acs-43.pdf
Vohra, N., Paudyal, V., & Price, M. J. (2022). Homelessness and the use of emergency department as a source of health: a systematic review. International Journal of Emergency Medicine, 32 . https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-022-00435-3
Wagmiller, R. L., & Adelman, R. M. (2009). Childhood and intergenerational poverty: The long-term consequences of growing up poor . National Center for Children in Poverty. https://www.nccp.org/publication/chi...ional-poverty/
Watts, G. R. (2021). Homelessness is an ethical issue in America. AMA Journal of Ethics, 23 (11), E835–839. https://doi.org/10.1001/amajethics.2021.835
Weber, J. J., Lee, R. C., Martsolf, D. (2020). Experiences of care in the emergency department among a sample of homeless male veterans: A qualitative study. Journal of Emergency Nursing, 46 (1), 51–58. www.jenonline.org/article/S0...098-4/fulltext
World Health Organization. (2018). Health inequities and their causes . https://www.who.int/news-room/facts-...d-their-causes
World Health Organization. (2022). WHO report shows poorer health outcomes for many vulnerable refugees and migrants . https://www.who.int/news/item/20-07-...s-and-migrants
Yedlinsky, N. T., Neff, L. A., & Jordan, K. M. (2019). Care of the military veteran: Selected health issues. American Family Physician, 100 (9), 544–551. https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues...1101/p544.html
Zychowicz, M. E., Ertha, J., Koerper, E. C., Naimoli, V., & Reynolds, A. (2022). Meeting the complex healthcare needs of veterans. The Nurse Practitioner, 47 (9), 20–28. doi: 10.1097/01.NPR.0000855292.67169.4b
American Academy of Family Physicians. (2021). Poverty and health—The family medicine perspective (position paper). https://www.aafp.org/about/policies/...ty-health.html
American Psychological Association. (2023). General systems theory. APA dictionary of psychology. https://dictionary.apa.org/general-systems-theory
Barnes, M., Hanson, C., Novilla, L. Magnusson, B., Crandall, A., & Bradford, G. (2020). Family-centered health promotion: Perspectives for engaging families and achieving better health outcomes. Inquiry: A Journal of Medical Care Organization, Provision and Financing , 57 , 46958020923537. doi.org/10.1177/0046958020923537
Berge, J., Loth, K., Hanson, C., Croll-Lampert, J., & Neumark-Sztainer, D. (2012). Family life cycle transitions and the onset of eating disorders: A retrospective grounded theory approach. Journal of Clinical Nursing , 21 (9–10), 1355–1363. doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2011.03762.x
Bray, B. (2022). Behind the book: Crisis intervention ethics casebook. American Counseling Association. ct.counseling.org/2022/07/be...hics-casebook/
Brenne, B., Hedlund, M., & Ingstad, K. (2022). Exploring home-based care nurses’ mindset for nursing practices: A phenomenological study. BMC Nursing, 21, 291. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-022-01068-w
Broekema, S., Paans, W., Roodbol, P. F., & Luttik, M. L. A. (2020). Nurses’ application of the components of family nursing conversations in home health care: A qualitative content analysis. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 34 (2), 322–331. doi.org/10.1111/scs.12731
Carone, N., Bos, H. M. W., Shenkman, G., & Tasker, F. (2021). Editorial: LGBTQ Parents and their children during the family life cycle. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 643647. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.643647
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020, May 12). Risk and protective factors . www.cdc.gov/violencepreventi...vefactors.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021a). About teen pregnancy. www.cdc.gov/teenpregnancy/about/index.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021b). Elder abuse. www.cdc.gov/violencepreventi...use/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022a). Fast facts: Preventing child abuse and neglect. www.cdc.gov/violencepreventi.../fastfact.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022b). Fast facts: Preventing intimate partner violence. www.cdc.gov/violencepreventi.../fastfact.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022c). The socio-ecological model: A framework for prevention. www.cdc.gov/violencepreventi...icalmodel.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023). How does social connectedness affect health? www.cdc.gov/emotional-wellbe...ct-health.htm#
Cherry, K. E., Gerstein, E. D., & Ciciolla, L. (2019). Parenting stress and children’s behavior: Transactional models during Early Head Start. Journal of Family Psychology, 33 (8), 916–926. doi.org/10.1037/fam0000574
Clark-Jones, T. (2018, April 2). Qualities of a healthy family. Michigan State University. https://www.canr.msu.edu/news/traits...healthy_family
Crapo, J., & Bradford, K. (2021). Multidimensional family development theory: A reconceptualization of family development. Journal of Family Theory & Review, 13 (2), 202–223. doi:10.1111/jftr.12414
Davidson, P., Rushton, C. H., Kurtz, M., Wise, B., Jackson, D., Beaman, A., & Broome, M. (2018). A social–ecological framework: A model for addressing ethical practice in nursing. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 27 (5–6), e1233–e1241. doi.org/10.1111/jocn.14158
Early Childhood Learning and Knowledge Center. (2022). Assessing family crisis. https://eclkc.ohs.acf.hhs.gov/mental...-family-crisis
Families USA. (2023). Our mission: Building the health care movement. https://familiesusa.org/about/#our-focus-areas
Glazer, E. (2022, March 21). Paths to parenting: Choosing single parenthood through pregnancy. Harvard Health Publishing. https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/...y-202203282709
Gonzalez, D., Bethencourt, M. A., McCall, J. D., & Doerr, C. (2022). Child abuse and neglect (Nursing). StatPearls. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568689/
Gronewald, B. (2013, May 1). Embracing family values. National Council on Family Relations. https://www.ncfr.org/cfle-network/pa...-family-values
Guner, N., Kulikova, Y., & Lull, J. (2018). Marriage and health: Selection, protection, and assortative mating. https://www.cemfi.es/~guner/glk-heal...ge-2018_02.pdf
Hasselle, A. J., Howell, K. H., Bottomley, J., Sheddan, H. C., Capers, J. M., & Miller-Graff, L. E. (2020). Barriers to intervention engagement among women experiencing intimate partner violence proximal to pregnancy. Psychology of Violence, 10 (3), 290–299. doi.org/10.1037/vio0000253
Huecker, M. R., King, K. C., Jordan, G. A., & Smock, W. (2023). Domestic violence. StatPearls. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499891/
International Family Nursing Association. (2023). Welcome to The International Family Nursing Association . https://internationalfamilynursing.org/
Kisling, L., & Das, J. (2023). Prevention strategies. StatPearls. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537222/
Kuhn, J., Ford, K., & Dawalt, L. S. (2018). Brief report: Mapping systems of support and psychological well-being of mothers of adolescents with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders, 48 (3), 940–946. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3381-0
Lawrence, E., Rogers, R., Zajacova, A., & Wadsworth, T. (2018). Marital happiness, marital status, health, and longevity. Journal of Happiness Studies, 20 (1): 1–23. l ink.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10902-018-0009-9
Leahey, M., & Wright, L. (2016). Application of the Calgary Family Assessment and Intervention Models: Reflections on the reciprocity between the personal and the professional. Journal of Family Nursing 22 (4): 450–459. doi: 10.1177/1074840716667972
Lin, M. C. (2020). Communication neglect, caregiver anger and hostility, and perceptions of older care receivers’ cognitive status and problem behaviors in explaining elder abuse. Journal of Elder Abuse & Neglect, 32 (3), 235–258. doi.org/10.1080/08946566.2020.1741054
Martin, T. F. (2018). Family development theory 30 years later. Journal of Family Theory & Review, 10 (1), 49–69. onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/...111/jftr.12237
Martinez-Escudero, J., Villarejo, S., Garcia, O., & Garcia, F. (2020). Parental socialization and its impact across the lifespan. Behavioral Sciences , 10 (6), 101. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs10060101
McLeod, S. (2023). Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Simple Psychology. https://www.simplypsychology.org/maslow.html
Medina-Martínez, J., Saus-Ortega, C., Sánchez-Lorente, M., Sosa-Palanca, E., García-Martínez, P., & Mármol-López, M. (2021). Health inequities in LGBT people and nursing interventions to reduce them: A systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health , 18 (22), 11801. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211801
Melariri, H., Osoba, T. A., Williams, M. M., & Melariri, P. (2022). An assessment of nurses’ participation in health promotion: A knowledge, perception, and practice perspective. Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene, 63 (1), E27–E34. https://doi.org/10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2022.63.1.2209
Messing, J. T. (2019). Risk-informed intervention: Using intimate partner violence risk assessment within an evidence-based practice framework. Social Work, 64 (2), 103–112. doi.org/10.1093/sw/swz009
Michaelson, V., Pilato, K. A., & Davison, C. M. (2021). Family as a health promotion setting: A scoping review of conceptual models of the health-promoting family . PLoS One, 16 (4), e0249707.
Mileski, M., McClay, R., Heinemann, K., & Dray, G. (2022). Efficacy of the use of the Calgary Family Intervention Model in bedside nursing education: A systematic review. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare , 15 , 1323–1347. https://doi.org/10.2147/JMDH.S370053
Mueller, J. (2022, December 1). Is same sex marriage legal in all 50 states? The Hill. thehill.com/changing-america...all-50-states/
National Partnership for Women & Families. (2023). Vision & values . https://nationalpartnership.org/abou...vision-values/
Obergefell v. Hodges . 576 U.S. ___ (2015). https://www.oyez.org/cases/2014/14-556
Occupational Safety and Health Administration. (n.d.). Home healthcare. www.osha.gov/home-healthcare/
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.) Healthy People 2030 literature summary: Poverty. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...maries/poverty
Roy, R. N., Rollins, A., James Jr., A. G., & Perry-Jenkins, M. (2022). An introduction to the special section on multiracial families: The challenges, strengths, and work that remains. Journal of Child & Family Studies, 31 (3), 599–608. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-022-02260-x
Seltzer, J. A. (2019). Family change and changing family demography. Demography , 56 (2), 405–426. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6450727/
Stanford Medicine. (2023). Screening teens. https://childabuse.stanford.edu/screening/teens.html
Steinbach, A., Augustijn, L., & Corkadi, G. (2021). Joint physical custody and adolescents’ life satisfaction in 37 North American and European countries. Family Process, 60 (1), 145–158. doi.org/10.1111/famp.12536
Tobias, A. (2018). The use of genograms in educational psychology practice. Educational Psychology in Practice, 34 (1), 89–104. doi.org/10.1080/02667363.2017.1411787
U.S. Census Bureau. (2021a). Income, poverty and health insurance coverage in the United States: 2020. https://www.census.gov/newsroom/pres...-coverage.html
U.S. Census Bureau. (2021b). Subject definitions: Family, family group, family household . https://www.census.gov/programs-surv...ns.html#family
U.S. Census Bureau. (2022a, November 17). Census bureau releases new estimates on America’s families and living arrangements . https://www.census.gov/newsroom/pres...angements.html
U.S. Census Bureau. (2022b). Most kids with parent in same-sex relationship live with female couple. https://www.census.gov/library/stori...le-couple.html
U.S. Census Bureau. (2022c). Number of same-sex couple households exceeded 1 million in 2021. https://www.census.gov/library/stori...e-million.html
U.S. Department of Justice. (n.d.). Elder abuse and elder financial exploitation statutes . https://www.justice.gov/elderjustice...utors/statutes
U.S. Department of Labor. (n.d.) Family and Medical Leave Act . https://www.dol.gov/agencies/whd/fmla
World Bank Group Family Network. (2023). Domestic abuse tips—The cycle of violence . https://www.wbfn.org/page/cycle-violence
World Health Organization. (1986). Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion, 1986. www.euro.who.int/__data/asse...wa_Charter.pdf
World Health Organization. (2022). Abuse of older people . https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-s...f-older-people
Wright, L. M., & Leahey, M. (1999). Maximizing time, minimizing suffering: The 15-minute (or less) family interview. Journal of Family Nursing, 5 (3), 259–274. doi:10.1177/107484079900500302
Zimansky, M., Stasielowicz, L., Franke, I., Remmers, H., Friedel, H., & Atzpodien, J. (2020). Effects of implementing a brief family nursing intervention with hospitalized oncology patients and their families in Germany: A quasi-experimental study. Journal of Family Nursing , 26 (4), 346–357. doi.org/10.1177/1074840720967022
American Academy of Family Physicians. (2021). Incarceration and health: A family medicine perspective. https://www.aafp.org/about/policies/...rceration.html
American Association of Occupational Health Nursing. (n.d.). Occupational health nursing as a career.
American Association of Occupational Health Nursing. (2012). Standards of occupational and environmental health nursing. Workplace Health & Safety, 60 (3), 1–7. journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf...07991206000301
American Association of Occupational Health Nursing. (2015). Competencies in occupational and environmental health nursing. Workplace Health & Safety, 63 (11), 493–494. doi.org/10.1177/2165079915608192
American Association of Occupational Health Nurses, Inc. (2019). Standards of occupational health nursing . https://aaohn.users.membersuite.com/...6b557d4/detail
American Board for Occupational Health Nurses, Inc. (n.d.). Occupational Health Nursing Profession . Retrieved from https://www.abohn.org/sites/default/..._032714WEB.pdf
American Board for Occupational Health Nurses, Inc. (2018). Executive summary of a practice analysis study of the certified occupational health nurse . https://www.abohn.org/resources/late...ctice-analysis
American Board for Occupational Health Nurses, Inc. (2021). Eligibility: Case management . https://www.abohn.org/certification/...se-management#
American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology. (2023). Food Allergy. https://acaai.org/allergies/allergic-conditions/food/
American College of Obstetrician and Gynecologists. (2021). Reproductive health care for incarcerated pregnant, postpartum, and nonpregnant individuals. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 138 (1), e24–e34. https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinic...nt-individuals
American Nurses Association. (n.d.). Public health nursing. Retrieved from https://www.nursingworld.org/practic...ealth-nursing/
American Nurses Association. (2021a). Correctional nursing: Scope and standards of practice (3rd ed.). American Nurses Association.
American Nurses Association. (2022b). Public health nursing scope and standards of practice (3rd ed.). American Nurses Association.
Association of Public Health Nurses. (2022). What is a PHN? https://www.phnurse.org/what-is-a-phn-
Association of State and Territorial Health Officials. (2023). Profile of state and territorial public health . https://www.astho.org/topic/public-h...profile/#about
American Public Health Association. (n.d.). Environmental health . Retrieved from https://www.apha.org/topics-and-issu...mental-health# .
Aufderheide, D. (2014 ). Mental illness in America’s jails and prisons: Toward a public safety/public health model. Health Affairs. www.healthaffairs.org/do/10....140401.038180/
Bergren, M.D. (2017). School nursing and population health: Past, present, and future. OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 22 (3), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.3912/OJIN.Vol22No03Man03
Bitsko, R. H., Claussen, A. H., Lichstein, J., et al. (2022). Mental Health Surveillance Among Children - United States, 2013-2019. MMWR supplements , 71 (2), 1–42. doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.su7102a1
Budd, K.M., & Monazzam, N. (2023). Private prisons in the United States . The Sentencing Project. https://www.sentencingproject.org/re...united-states/
Center for American Progress. (2018, March 2). Education opportunities in prison are key to reducing crime. www.americanprogress.org/art...educing-crime/
Center for American Progress. (2022, December 7). Disparities in housing, health care, child care, and economic security affect babies for life . www.americanprogress.org/art...bies-for-life/
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2015). Workplace health promotion: Assessment . www.cdc.gov/workplacehealthp...ent/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2017). School Health Policies and Practices Brief: Epilepsy and Seizure Disorder . United States Dept of Health and Human Services. www.cdc.gov/epilepsy/pdfs/Sc...filesBrief.pdf
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019a). Protecting youth from HIV, STDs, and Pregnancy . www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/abo...ram-impact.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019b). Strategies for using the WSCC framework. www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/w...strategies.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020a). Adolescent and school health: Why schools? www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/abo...hy_schools.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020b). What is Total Worker Health? www.cdc.gov/niosh/twh/totalhealth.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021a). Components of the Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child (WSCC). www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/w...components.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021b). Reproductive health: Teen pregnancy . www.cdc.gov/teenpregnancy/about/index.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021c). Sexually transmitted diseases: Adolescents and young adults. www.cdc.gov/std/life-stages-...oungadults.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022a). Asthma . www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/asthma/index.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022b). Children’s Oral Health . www.cdc.gov/oralhealth/basic...lth/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022c). Defining adult overweight and obesity . www.cdc.gov/obesity/basics/a...-defining.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022d). Diabetes . www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/npao/diabetes.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022e). Epilepsy . www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/npao/epilepsy.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022f). Food allergies . www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/f...gies/index.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022g). Health department governance . www.cdc.gov/publichealthgate...nce/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022h). High-risk substance use among youth . www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/sub...-use/index.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022i). National Occupational Research Agenda: About NORA. www.cdc.gov/nora/about.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022j). Obesity . www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/obesity/index.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022k). School nurses help keep students healthy . www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/f...hool_nurse.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023a). About the division of adolescent and school health (DASH). www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/about/index.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023b). Correctional health. www.cdc.gov/correctionalhealth/default.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023c). Correctional health: CDC recommendations for correctional and detention settings. www.cdc.gov/correctionalhealth/rec-guide.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023d). Correctional health: Data and statistics. www.cdc.gov/correctionalheal...alth-data.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023e). Defining child BMI categories. www.cdc.gov/obesity/basics/c...-defining.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023f). Guidance on management of COVID-19 in homeless service sites and in correctional and detention facilities . www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019...-settings.html?
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023g). National voluntary accreditation for public health departments . www.cdc.gov/publichealthgate...ion/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023h). Oral Health. www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/n...oralhealth.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023i). Related conditions and concerns with children’s mental health . www.cdc.gov/childrensmentalh...onditions.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023j). Sexual risk behaviors. www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/sex...iors/index.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023k). The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health: About NIOSH . www.cdc.gov/niosh/about/default.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023l). Therapy to Improve Children’s Mental Health . www.cdc.gov/childrensmentalh...r-therapy.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023m). What is Children’s Mental Health? www.cdc.gov/childrensmentalhealth/basics.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023n). Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child (WSCC ). www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/wscc/index.htm
Commonwealth of Massachusetts. (2023a). Department of public health . https://www.mass.gov/orgs/department...public-health#
Commonwealth of Massachusetts. (2023b). Overview of local public health in Massachusetts . https://www.mass.gov/service-details...-massachusetts
Council of Public Health Nursing Organizations. (2023a). Looking back and ahead: CPHNO in historical perspective. https://www.cphno.org/about/
Council of Public Health Nursing Organizations. (2023b). Members. https://www.cphno.org/members/
Federal Bureau of Prisons. (n.d.) Our Locations . Retrieved from https://www.bop.gov/locations/list.jsp
Galan, N. (2023). Faith community nurse career overview. Nurse Journal. https://nursejournal.org/careers/parish-nurse/
Griffin, S.O, Wei, L., Gooch, B.F., Weno, K., & Espinoza, L. (2016). Dental sealant use and untreated tooth decay among U.S. school-aged children. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 65, 1141 – 1145. DOI: dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6541e1
Hahn, J.W. (2022). How to lower the high level of jail suicides . Brennan Center for Justice. https://www.brennancenter.org/our-wo...-jail-suicides
International Association of Forensic Nurses. (2023). Forensic Nursing. https://www.forensicnurses.org/page/WhatisFN/
Johns, M., & Rosenthal, J. (2022). How investing in public health will strengthen America’s health . Center for American Progress. www.americanprogress.org/art...ericas-health/
Kisling, L.A., & Das, J.M. (2023). Prevention strategies. StatPearls [Internet] . StatPearls Publishing. Available from: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537222/
Lange, S.J., Kompaniyets, L., Freedman, D.S., Kraus, E.M., Porter, R., Blanck, H.M., & Goodman, A.B. (2021). Longitudinal trends in body mass index before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among persons aged 2 – 19 years – United States, 2018 – 2020. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 70 , 1278 – 1283. DOI: dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7037a3
Leider, J.P., Resnick, B. Bishai, D., & Scutchfield, F.D. (2018). Expenditures in the United States at the federal, state, and local levels. Annual Review of Public Health, 39, 471 – 487. doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publ...-040617-013455
LeMasters, K., Ranapurwala, S., Maner, M., Nowotny, K.M., Peterson, M., & Brinkley-Rubinstein, L. (2022). COVID-19 community spread and consequences for prison case rates. PLoS One, 17 (4), e0266772. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266772
Maruschak, L.M., Bronson, J., & Alper, M. (2021). Survey of prison inmates, 2016: Medical problems reported by prisoners. U.S. Department of Justice. Office of Justice Programs: Bureau of Justice Statistics. https://bjs.ojp.gov/sites/g/files/xy...prpspi16st.pdf
Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education. (2016). Managing life-threatening allergies in school . https://johnstalkerinstitute.org/wp-...-Allergies.pdf
Mayo Clinic. (2023). Office ergonomics: Your how-to guide. https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-l...s/art-20046169
Minton, T.D., & Zeng, Z. (2021, December). Jail inmates in 2020–Statistical tables . https://bjs.ojp.gov/content/pub/pdf/ji20st.pdf
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. (2019). Medications for Opioid Use Disorder Save Lives . Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/25310
National Alliance on Mental Illness. (2023.) Mental Health in Schools . https://www.nami.org/Advocacy/Policy...lth-in-Schools
National Association of County & City Health Officials. (2017). Local health departments impact our lives every day . https://www.naccho.org/uploads/downl...nfographic.pdf
National Association of School Nurses [NASN]. (2016). Framework for 21st century school nursing practice: National Association of School Nurses. NASN School Nurse, 31 (1), 45-53. doi: 10.1177/1942602X15618644
National Association of School Nurses. (2022). Comprehensive health education in schools [Position Statement]. www.nasn.org/nasn-resources/...alth-education
National Association of School Nurses. (2023). About NASN . https://www.nasn.org/about-nasn/about
National Center on Safe Supportive Learning Environments. (2023). Substance abuse . https://safesupportivelearning.ed.go...ubstance-abuse
National Commission on Correctional Health Care. (2016). Position Statement: Solitary Confinement (Isolation). https://www.ncchc.org/wp-content/upl...-Isolation.pdf
National Commission on Correctional Health Care. (2020). Women’s health care in correctional settings . https://www.ncchc.org/position-state...settings-2020/
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease. (2020). Helping the student with diabetes succeed. https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-inf...dkrd=hispt1099
National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2020). Drug facts: Criminal justice. National Institute of Health. Department of Health & Human Services. https://nida.nih.gov/publications/dr...iminal-justice
Nellis, A., (2021). The color of justice: racial and ethnic disparity in state prisons . The Sentencing Project. https://www.sentencingproject.org/re...ncing-project/
Nighswander, M.L., & Blair, P.A. (2022). From institutions to inclusion: How children with disabilities gained educational rights in the U.S. The Journal of School Nursing, 0 (0), 1–11. doi.org/10.1177/10598405221105054
Pew Charitable Trusts. (2023, May 16). Racial disparities persist in many U.S. jails . https://www.pewtrusts.org/en/researc...-many-us-jails
Public Health Law Center. (2015). State and local public health: An overview of regulatory authority . https://publichealthlawcenter.org/si...lth-2015_0.pdf
Roth, A. (2021). The truth about deinstitutionalization. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/health/a...zation/618986/
Sanyaolu, A., Okorie, C., Qi, X., Locke, J., & Rehman, S. (2019). Childhood and adolescent obesity in the United States: A public health concern. Global Pediatric Health, 6 , 1–11. doi: 10.1177/2333794X19891305
Schoenly, L., & Knox, C.M. (Eds.). (2012). Essentials of Correctional Nursing . Springer Publishing.
Sikka, N. & Brizuela, M. (2023, March 19). Glass Ionomer Cement. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan-. Available from: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK582145/ www.sciencedirect.com/topics...omposite-resin
Singh, N., Dubey, N., Rathore, M., & Pandey, P. (2020). Impact of early childhood caries on quality of life: Child and parent perspectives. Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research, 10(2), 83–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobcr.2020.02.006
Thompson, M.C., & Wachs, J.E. (2012). Occupational health nursing in the United States. Workplace Health & Safety, 60 (3), 127–33. journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf...07991206000308
Topcu, S., & Ardahan, M. (2019). Occupational health nursing and pioneer leaders from past to present. International Journal of Caring Sciences, 12 (3), 1931–1936. http://www.internationaljournalofcar...eview_12_3.pdf
United States Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2022a). Census of fatal occupational injuries summary, 2021 . www.bls.gov/news.release/cfoi.nr0.htm
United States Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2022b). Employer-reported workplace injuries and illnesses, 2021 . www.bls.gov/news.release/osh.nr0.htm
United States Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2023c). Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age. www.bls.gov/news.release/empsit.t01.htm
United States Department of Education. (2023). A history of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act . https://sites.ed.gov/idea/IDEA-History#1980s-90s
United States Department of Health and Human Services. (2023). SAMHSA announces national survey on drug use and health results detailing mental illness and substance use levels in 2021 . www.hhs.gov/about/news/2023/...els-2021.html#
United States Department of Justice. (n.d.). Planning a reentry program: A toolkit for tribal communities . https://bja.ojp.gov/sites/g/files/xy...ommunities.pdf
United States Department of Labor. (n.d.-a.). Federal Coal Mine and Safety Act of 1969. https://www.msha.gov/federal-coal-mi...afety-act-1969
United States Department of Labor. (n.d.-b). Occupational safety and health administration: About OSHA . www.osha.gov/aboutosha
United States Department of Labor. (n.d.-c). OSHA: Law and regulations . www.osha.gov/laws-regs
United States Department of Labor. (2016a). The Importance of Root Cause Analysis During Incident Investigation [Fact Sheet]. www.osha.gov/sites/default/f...s/OSHA3895.pdf
United States Department of Labor. (2016b). Recommended Practices for Safety and Health Programs . www.osha.gov/sites/default/f...s/OSHA3885.pdf
Wang, L. (2022). Chronic punishment: The unmet health needs of people in state prisons . Prison Policy Initiative. https://www.prisonpolicy.org/reports...physicalhealth
Willgerodt, M.A., Brock, D.M., & Maughan, E.D. (2018). Public school nursing practice in the United States. The Journal of School Nursing, 34 (3), 232-244. doi: 10.1177/1059840517752456
Yohanna, D. (2013). Deinstitutionalization of people with mental illness: Causes and consequences. Virtual Mentor, 15 (10), 886–891. https://journalofethics.ama-assn.org...uences/2013-10
Yonkaitis, C.F., & Reiner, K.L. (2022). School nursing: Scope and standards. NASN School Nurse, 37 (5), 277–280. doi: 10.1177/1942602X221115192
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (2017). Strategy 4: Care transitions from hospital to home: IDEAL Discharge Planning . https://www.ahrq.gov/patient-safety/...gy4/index.html
American Society of Health-System Pharmacists and American Pharmacists Association. (2013). ASHP- APhA medication management in care transitions best practices . https://www.ashp.org/-/media/assets/...ansitions.ashx
Anderson, T. S., O’Donoghue, A. L., Dechen, T., Herzig, S. J., & Stevens, J. P. (2021). Trends in telehealth and in-person transitional care management visits during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society , 69 (10), 2745–2751. doi.org/10.1111/jgs.17329
Bachynsky, N. (2020). Implications for policy: The Triple Aim, Quadruple Aim, and interprofessional collaboration. Nursing Forum , 55 (1), 54-64. doi.org/10.1111/nuf.12382
Caleres, G., Modig, S., Midlöv, P., Chalmers, J., & Bondesson, Å. (2020). Medication Discrepancies in Discharge Summaries and Associated Risk Factors for Elderly Patients with Many Drugs. Drugs - real world outcomes , 7 (1), 53–62. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40801-019-00176-5
Coleman, E. A., & Boult, C. (2003). Improving the quality of transitional care for persons with complex care needs. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 51 (4), 556–557. doi.org/10.1046/j.1532-5415.2003.51186.x
Crocker, J. B., Crocker, J. T., & Greenwald, J. L. (2012). Telephone follow-up as a primary care intervention for postdischarge outcomes improvement: A systematic review. American Journal of Medicine, 125 (9), 915–921. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2012.01.035
Debon, R., Coleone, J. D., Bellei, E. A., & De Marchi, A. C. B. (2019). Mobile health applications for chronic diseases: A systematic review of features for lifestyle improvement. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews, 13 (4), 2507–2512. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2019.07.016
Duan-Porter, W., Ullman, K., Majeski, B., Miake-Lye, I., Diem, S., & Wilt, T. J. (2020). Care coordination models and tools: A systematic review and key informant interviews. In VA evidence-based synthesis program reports . Department of Veterans Affairs. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33400451/
Earl, T., Katapodis, N. & Schneiderman, S. (2020, March 15). Care transitions. In Making healthcare safer III: A critical analysis of existing and emerging patient safety practices (K. K. Hall, S. Shoemaker-Hunt, L. Hoffman, et al.). Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK555516/
Institute of Medicine. (2010). The healthcare imperative: Lowering costs and improving outcomes: Workshop series summary . National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/12750
Iwamoto, S. (2023). Developing a theory of community caring for public health nursing. Healthcare, 11 (3), 349. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11030349
Jack, B. W., Chetty, V. K., Anthony, D., Greenwald, J. L., Sanchez, G. M., Johnson, A. E., Forsythe, S. R., O’Donnell, J. K., Paasche-Orlow, M. K., Manasseh, C., Martin, S., & Culpepper, L. (2009). A reengineered hospital discharge program to decrease rehospitalization: a randomized trial. Annals of internal medicine , 150 (3), 178–187. doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-15...00902030-00007
Katz, D. T., Fernandez-Sanchez, J. V., Loeffler, L. A., Chang, S. M., Puertolas-Lopez, M. V., Ramdial, F. R., Fisher, G. R., Gutierrez, S. A., Mahajan, N., Keerthy, D. R., Cavallaro, S. P., Landaeta, C. E., Pascall, A. S., Acevedo, K. T., Chan-Poon, K. T., Abraham, B. R., Siri, M., Reynolds, K. L., Van Kirk, K., & Bayes Santos, L. Y. (2020). Timely delivery of discharge medications to patients’ bedsides: A patient-centered quality improvement project. Pediatric Quality & Safety , 5 (3), e297. doi.org/10.1097/pq9.0000000000000297
Lalonde, L., Lampron, A. M., Vanier, M. C., Levasseur, P., Khaddag, R., & Chaar, N. (2008). Effectiveness of a medication discharge plan for transitions of care from hospital to outpatient settings. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy , 65 (15), 1451–1457. doi.org/10.2146/ajhp070565
Lopez, C., Kim, B., & Sacks, K. (2022). Health literacy in the United States: Enhancing assessments and reducing disparities. Milken Institute. https://milkeninstitute.org/sites/de...nal_Report.pdf
Mai Ba, H., Son, Y. J., Lee, K., & Kim, B. H. (2020). Transitional care interventions for patients with heart failure: An integrative review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health , 17 (8), 2925. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082925
Mansukhani, R. P., Bridgeman, M. B., Candelario, D., & Eckert, L. J. (2015). Exploring transitional care: Evidence-based strategies for improving provider communication and reducing readmissions. P & T: A Peer-Reviewed Journal for Formulary Management , 40 (10), 690–694.
Marcotte, L., Kirtane, J., Lynn, J., & McKethan, A. (2015). Integrating health information technology to achieve seamless care transitions. Journal of Patient Safety, 11 (4), 185–190. www.jstor.org/stable/26633097
McIlvennan, C. K., Eapen, Z. J., & Allen, L. A. (2015). Hospital readmissions reduction program. Circulation , 131 (20), 1796–1803. doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.010270
Mueller SK, Sponsler KC, Kripalani S, Schnipper JL. Hospital-Based Medication Reconciliation Practices: A Systematic Review. Arch Intern Med. (2012). 172(14):1057–1069. doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2012.2246
National Alliance for Suicide Prevention. (2019). Best practices in care transitions for individuals with suicide risk: Inpatient care to outpatient care . https://www.samhsa.gov/sites/default...s-11192019.pdf
National Institute of Mental Health. (2019). Transition to Mental Health Care. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topi...lth-care.shtml
Naylor, M. D., Brooten, D. A., Campbell, R. L., Maislin, G., McCauley, K. M., & Schwartz, J. S. (2004). Transitional care of older adults hospitalized with heart failure: A randomized, controlled trial. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 52 (5), 675–684. doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2004.52202.x
Ouslander, J. G., Bonner, A., Herndon, L., & Shutes, J. (2014). The Interventions to Reduce Acute Care Transfers (INTERACT) quality improvement program: An overview for medical directors and primary care clinicians in long term care. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association , 15 (3), 162–170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2013.12.005
Pedersen, P. U., Ersgard, K. B., Soerensen, T. B., & Larsen, P. (2017). Effectiveness of structured planned post discharge support to patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease for reducing readmission rates: A systematic review. JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports , 15 (8), 2060–2086. doi.org/10.11124/JBISRIR-2016-003045
Pincus, H.A., Spaeth-Rublee, B., Sara, G., Goldner, E. M., Prince, P. N., Ramanuj, P., Gaebel, W., Zielasek, J., Großimlinghaus, I., Wrigley, M., van Weeghel, J., Smith, M., Ruud, T., Mitchell, J. R. & Patton, L. (2016). A review of mental health recovery programs in selected industrialized countries. International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 10 (73). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13033-016-0104-4
Reeves, E., Liebig, B., & Schweighoffer, R. (2020). Care coordination in palliative home care: Who plays the key role? International Journal of Integrated Care , 20 (3), 15. https://doi.org/10.5334/ijic.5466
Reeves, S., Pelone, F., Harrison, R., Goldman, J., & Zwarenstein, M. (2017). Interprofessional collaboration to improve professional practice and healthcare outcomes. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews , 6 (6), CD000072. doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD000072.pub3
Srivastava, A., Do, J. M., Sales, V. L., Ly, S., & Joseph, J. (2019). Impact of patient-centered home telehealth programme on outcomes in heart failure. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare , 25 (7), 425–430. doi.org/10.1177/1357633X18775852
Tomlinson, J., Cheong, V. L., Fylan, B., Silcock, J., Smith, H., Karban, K., & Blenkinsopp, A. (2020). Successful care transitions for older people: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of interventions that support medication continuity. Age and Ageing , 49 (4), 558–569. doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afaa002
Van Spall, H. G. C., Lee, S. F., Xie, F., Oz, U. E., Perez, R., Mitoff, P. R., Maingi, M., Tjandrawidjaja, M. C., Heffernan, M., Zia, M. I., Porepa, L., Panju, M., Thabane, L., Graham, I. D., Haynes, R. B., Haughton, D., Simek, K. D., Ko, D. T., & Connolly, S. J. (2019). Effect of patient-centered transitional care services on clinical outcomes in patients hospitalized for heart failure. JAMA, 321 (8), 753–761. doi.org/10.1001/jama.2019.0710
Wadhera, R. K., Yeh, R. W., & Joynt Maddox, K. E. (2019). The hospital readmissions reduction program—Time for a reboot. The New England Journal of Medicine, 380 (24), 2289–2291. doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp1901225
Weir, D. L., Motulsky, A., Abrahamowicz, M., Lee, T. C., Morgan, S., Buckeridge, D. L., & Tamblyn, R. (2020). Failure to follow medication changes made at hospital discharge is associated with adverse events in 30 days. Health Services Research , 55 (4), 512–523. doi.org/10.1111/1475-6773.13292
Yeoh, E. K., Wong, M. C. S., Wong, E. L. Y., Yam, C., Poon, C. M., Chung, R. Y., Chong, M., Fang, Y., Wang, H. H. X., Liang, M., Cheung, W. W. L., Chan, C. H., Zee, B., & Coats, A. J. S. (2018). Benefits and limitations of implementing Chronic Care Model (CCM) in primary care programs: A systematic review. International Journal of Cardiology , 258 , 279–288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.11.057
Abbas, M., Aloudat, T., Bartolomei, J., Carballo, M., Durieux-Paillard, S., Gabus, L., Jablonka, A., Jackson, Y., et al. (2018). Migrant and refugee populations: A public health and policy perspective on a continuing global crisis. Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control , 7 (113). doi: 10.1186/s13756-018-0403-4
African American Wellness Project. (2023). Mental Health and Black America: A Different Disease in Black Communities . https://aawellnessproject.org/mental...-black-america
Altare C, Kahi V, Ngwa M, et al. (2019). Infectious disease epidemics in refugee camps: A retrospective analysis of UNHCR data (2009-2017). Journal of Global Health Reports , 3, e2019064. doi:10.29392/joghr.3.e2019064
Amaro, H., Sanchez, M., Bautista, T., & Cox, R. (2021). Social vulnerabilities for substance use: Stressors, socially toxic environments, and discrimination and racism. Neuropharmacology , 188 , 108518. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108518
American Heart Association. (2018). Stigma and Substance Abuse Disorders. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z62xa_AJijQ
American Nurses Association. (2015). Code of Ethics for Nurses with interpretive statements. https://www.nursingworld.org/practic...coe-view-only/
American Nurses Association. (2018). The opioid epidemic: The evolving role of nursing. https://www.ncsbn.org/public-files/2...d_Epidemic.pdf
American Psychiatric Association. (2023). Stigma, prejudice and discrimination against people with mental illness. https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-...discrimination
Americans With Disabilities Act National Network. (2023). Mental health conditions in the workplace and the ADA. https://adata.org/factsheet/health
Amnesty International. (2023). Refugees, Asylum Seekers, and Migrants. https://www.amnesty.org/en/what-we-d...and-migrants/#
ARK2Freedom. (2022). Violence, Fear, and The Gorilla Pimp . ark2freedom.org/our-blog/f/v...e-gorilla-pimp
Baldwin, G. T., Seth, P., & Noonan, R. K. (2021). Continued increases in overdose deaths related to synthetic opioids: Implications for clinical practice. JAMA, 325(12), 1151–1152. doi.org/10.1001/jama.2021.1169
Blue Campaign. (2022, September 22). What is Forced Labor? https://www.dhs.gov/blue-campaign/forced-labor
Blue Campaign. (2023, November 3). What is human trafficking? Infographic. https://www.dhs.gov/blue-campaign/infographic
Bonyan Organization. (2023). The Cholera Outbreaks in Refugee Camps in Syria. bonyan.ngo/the-cholera-outbr...efugee-camps/#
The Borgen Project. (2020, March 18). 9 Facts About the Refugee Water Crisis. borgenproject.org/refugee-water-crisis/
British Medical Association. (2023, September 4). Refugee and asylum seeker patient health toolkit Unique health challenges for refugees and asylum seekers . https://www.bma.org.uk/advice-and-su...asylum-seekers
Canadian Women’s Foundation. (n.d.). Become a Signal for Help Responder. https://canadianwomen.org/signal-for-help/
Caplan, G. (1964). Principles of preventive psychiatry . Basic Books.
CARE Staff. (2020, December 3). Difficulties of Living in a Refugee Camp Are Intensified for Those Who Live With Disabilities . https://www.care.org/news-and-storie...-disabilities/
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020a). Increase in fatal drug overdoses across the United States driven by synthetic opioids before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. emergency.cdc.gov/han/2020/han00438.asp.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020b). Infographic: 6 Guiding Principles To A Trauma-Informed Approach. www.cdc.gov/orr/infographics...rauma_info.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020c). Screening for Viral Hepatitis During the Domestic Medical Examination of Newly Arrived Refugees. www.cdc.gov/immigrantrefugee...uidelines.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022a). Drug overdose: Death rate maps and graphs. www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/deaths/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022b). Fast facts: Preventing adverse childhood experiences. www.cdc.gov/violencepreventi.../fastfact.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022c). Opioid basics. www.cdc.gov/opioids/basics/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022d). Overdose prevention. www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/pre...ion/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022e). Substance abuse disorders. www.cdc.gov/dotw/substance-u...ers/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022f). Understanding the opioid overdose epidemic. www.cdc.gov/opioids/basics/epidemic.html.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023a). Adverse Childhood Experiences . www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/aces/
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023b). Health disparities. www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/dis...ties/index.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023c). Lifesaving naloxone. www.cdc.gov/stopoverdose/naloxone/index.html
Ciccarone, D. (2019). The triple wave epidemic: Supply and demand drivers of the US opioid overdose crisis. The International Journal on Drug Policy , 71 , 183–188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2019.01.010
Clubhouse International. (2023). The facts about mental illness . https://clubhouse-intl.org/our-impac...ental-illness/
Commodore-Mensah, Y., Shaw, B., & Ford, M. (2021). A nursing call to action to support the health of migrants and Refugees. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 77 (12). E41-e43. doi.org/10.1111/jan.14970
Congressional Research Service (CRS). (2022). The opioid crisis in the United States: A brief history. crsreports.congress.gov/prod...pdf/IF/IF12260
Daynes, L. (2016). The health impacts of the refugee crisis: A medical charity perspective. Clinical Medicine, 16, (5),437-440.www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6297302/
Department of Homeland Security. (2022a, September 22). Blue Campaign. https://www.dhs.gov/blue-campaign/in...an-trafficking
Department of Homeland Security. (2022b, September 22). What is Forced Labor? https://www.dhs.gov/blue-campaign/forced-labor
Department of Homeland Security. (2022c, September 22). What is Human Trafficking? Blue Campaign . https://www.dhs.gov/blue-campaign/wh...an-trafficking
Department of Homeland Security. (2023). What is forced labor? https://www.dhs.gov/blue-campaign/forced-labor
Desmyth, K., Eagar, S., Jones, M., Schmidt, L., & Williams, J. (2021). Refugee health nursing. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 77 (10):e30-e32. doi: 10.1111/jan.14910
Fleishman, J., Kamsky, H, & Sundborg, S. (2019). Trauma-informed nursing practice. The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 24 (2), 3 https://doi.org/10.3912/OJIN.Vol24No02Man03
Gov.UK. (2017). Mental health: migrant health guide. https://www.gov.uk/guidance/mental-h...t-health-guide
Greenbaum, V.J., Titchen, K., Walker-Descartes, I., Feifer, A., Rood, C.J., Fong, H. (2018). Multi-level prevention of human trafficking: The role of health care professional. Preventive Medicine, 114, 164-167 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.07.006 OPEN SOURCE: www.sciencedirect.com/scienc...135?via%3Dihub
Harmer, B., Lee, S., Duong, T., et al. Suicidal Ideation . [Updated 2023 Aug 24]. StatPearls. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK565877/
Hynie, M. (2018). The Social Determinants of Refugee Mental Health in the Post-Migration Context: A Critical Review. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 63 (5), doi.org/10.1177/0706743717746666
H.R. 3244 - 106th Congress (1999-2000): Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/...06hr3244eh.pdf
International Council of Nurses. (2012). The ICN code of ethics for nurses. Geneva, Switzerland: Author. www.icn.ch/sites/default/fil...ses_%20eng.pdf
International Labour Organization, Walk Free, & the International Organization for Migration. (2022, September 12). Global estimates of modern slavery: Forced labour and forced marriage . https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/pu...cms_854733.pdf
International Labour Organization. (2023). Who are domestic workers . https://www.ilo.org/global/topics/do...--en/index.htm
International Rescue Committee. (2023, June 14). 110 million people displaced around the world: get the facts . https://www.rescue.org/eu/article/11...rld-get-facts#
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. (2018). Displaced populations and the threat of disease . www.outbreakobservatory.org/...eat-of-disease
Kenny, A., Bizumic, B., & Griffiths, K.M. (2018). The Prejudice Towards People with Mental Illness (PPMI) scale: Structure and validity. BMC Psychiatry, 18 (293). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-018-1871-z
Kuntz, L. (2022). Psychiatric care in the US: Are we facing a crisis? Psychiatric Times, 39(4). https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/vie...acing-a-crisis
McGinty, E.E. and Barry, C.L. (2020). Stigma reduction to combat the addiction crisis - Developing an evidence base. The New England Journal of Medicine, 382:1291-1292. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMp2000227 www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMp2000227
Mental Health America. (2023). The State of Mental Health in America. mhanational.org/sites/defaul...Mental-Health- in-America-Report.pdf?eType=ActivityDefinitionInstance&eId=5768b343-b128-4de9-a180-20ed43f570d4
National Alliance on Mental Illness. (2019). Why Asian-Americans and Pacific Islanders Don’t go to Therapy . www.nami.org/Blogs/NAMI-Blog...-go-to-Therapy
National Alliance on Mental Illness. (2023, April). Mental health by the numbers . https://www.nami.org/mhstats
National Center for Health Statistics. (2021). CDC Wonder: Multiple Causes of Death 1999-2021. https://wonder.cdc.gov/wonder/help/mcd.html
National Council for Mental Wellbeing. (n.d.). Study reveals lack of access as root cause for mental health crisis in America . https://www.thenationalcouncil.org/n...is-in-america/
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). (2023). Substance use and co-occurring mental illness. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topi...-mental-health
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA). (2021). Medications for opioid use disorder video. https://nida.nih.gov/videos/medicati...disorder-video
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA). (2023a). Drug overdose death rates. https://nida.nih.gov/research-topics...se-death-rates
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA). (2023b). Stigma and discrimination. https://nida.nih.gov/research-topics...ion#references
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-a). Addiction. https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...ives/addiction
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-b). Mental health and mental disorders . https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...ntal-disorders
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-c). Social cohesion. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...ocial-cohesion
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-d). Social determinants of health. https://health.gov/healthypeople/pri...minants-health
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.-e). Violence prevention. https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...nce-prevention
Palombi, L., Olivarez, M., Bennett, L., & Hawthorne, A. N. (2019). Community forums to address the opioid crisis: An effective grassroots approach to rural community engagement. Substance abuse: research and treatment , 13, 1178221819827595. doi.org/10.1177/1178221819827595
Pointe, K. (2020). Ways we can address the social determinants of mental health. National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI). https://www.nami.org/Blogs/NAMI-Blog...-Mental-Health
Shetty, A. (2019). Infectious diseases among refugee children . Children (Basel), 6 (12):129. doi:10.3390/children6120129
Soken-Huberty, E. (2023). Four principles of social justice . https://www.humanrightscareers.com/i...ial--justice/#
Sommers-Flanagan, J., & Sommers-Flanagan, R. (2021). Suicide assessment and treatment planning: A strengths-based approach . American Counseling Association.
Stone, L., Rice, J., & Garcia, R. (2021). Addressing substance use disorder and diversion in the healthcare environment: Early detection and response are key. American Nurse Journal , 16(2), 27. https://www.myamericannurse.com/addr...e-environment/
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2014). TIP 57: Trauma-Informed Care in Behavioral Health Services. store.samhsa.gov/product/TIP-...ces/SMA14-4816 .
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2020). Treatment for suicidal ideation, self-harm, and suicide attempts among youth. https://store.samhsa.gov/sites/defau...-06-01-002.pdf
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2022). Community engagement: An essential component of an effective and equitable substance use prevention system . https://store.samhsa.gov/sites/defau...-06-01-005.pdf
Switch. (2023). What is Sex Trafficking? https://switchsc.org/what-is-sex-tra...ng/#romeo-pimp
Syed, N. (2023). How Philadelphia is responding to the overdose crisis in 2023. City of Philadelphia. https://www.phila.gov/2023-04-26-how...risis-in-2023/
Taha, H., Durham, J., & Reid, S. (2023, March 31). Communicable diseases prevalence among refugees and asylum seekers: Systematic review and meta-analysis . Infectious Disease Report. 15(2):188-203. doi: 10.3390/idr15020020. PMID: 37102980; PMCID: PMC10138615.
The Trevor Project. (2022). 2022 National Survey on LGBTQ Youth Survey Mental Health. https://www.thetrevorproject.org/sur...rvey_final.pdf
UNICEF USA. (2017 January 13). What fuels human trafficking? www.unicefusa.org/stories/wh...n-trafficking#
United Nations. (1951, July 28). Convention relating to the status of refugees . www.ohchr.org/en/instruments...tatus-refugees
United Nations. (2016a). General Assembly adopts declaration for refugees and migrants, as United Nations, international organization for migration sign key agreement. https://press.un.org/en/2016/ga11820.doc.htm
United Nations. (2016b). The New York Declaration for Refugees and Migrants . www.ohchr.org/en/migration/n...-and-migrants#
United Nations. (2023a). Convention relating to the status of refugees (Adopted 28 July 1951). www.ohchr.org/en/instruments...tatus-refugees
United Nations. (2023b). Refugees and migrants. https://refugeesmigrants.un.org/definitions#
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (n.d.-a). Emergency shelter standard. Emergency Handbook . https://emergency.unhcr.org/emergenc...lter-standard#
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (n.d.-b). Water, sanitation and hygiene. https://www.unhcr.org/what-we-do/pro...on-and-hygiene
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023a). About statelessness. https://www.unhcr.org/ibelong/about-statelessness/#
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023b). Global forced displacement. https://www.unhcr.org/us/global-trends
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023c). Global planning figures. https://reporting.unhcr.org/globalappeal2023#
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2021). Good use and abuse: The role of technology in human trafficking. www.unodc.org/unodc/en/human...afficking.html
United Nations Population Fund. (2022, February). Female genital mutilation (FGM) frequently asked questions. https://www.unfpa.org/resources/fema...sked-questions
USA for UNHCR: The UN Refugee Agency. (2021). Refugee camps explained. www.unrefugees.org/news/refu...mps-explained/
USA for UNHCR: The UN Refugee Agency. (2023). Refugee Camps Explained. www.unrefugees.org/news/refu...hereistheworld’slargestrefugeecamplocated?
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (n.d.) Fact Sheet: Labor Trafficking (English). https://www.acf.hhs.gov/archive/otip...icking-english .
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Surgeon General. (2016). Facing addiction in America: The surgeon general’s report on alcohol, drugs, and health . Washington, DC: HHS. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK424861/.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2022). The HIPAA Privacy Rule. www.hhs.gov/hipaa/for-profes...cy/index.html#
U.S. Department of Justice. (2019). Human trafficking: “Hidden in Plain Sight.” https://www.ojp.gov/archives/ojp-blo...en-plain-sight
U.S. Department of Justice. (2022a). Understanding and characterizing labor trafficking among US citizen victims. https://nij.ojp.gov/topics/articles/...itizen-victims
U.S. Department of Justice. (2022b). What is human trafficking? https://www.justice.gov/humantraffic...an-trafficking
U.S. Department of State. (n.d.). Statelessness: Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration. https://www.state.gov/other-policy-i...statelessness/
U.S. Department of State. (2023, June). Trafficking in persons report . https://www.state.gov/wp-content/upl...uction-V3e.pdf
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement. (2021). Human trafficking and smuggling. https://www.ice.gov/factsheets/human-trafficking
van Boekel, L.C., Brouwers, E.P.M., van Weeghel, J., & Garretsen, H.F.L. (2013). Stigma among health professionals towards patients with substance use disorders and its consequences for healthcare delivery: Systematic review. Drug and Alcohol Dependence , 131(1–2), 23-35. ISSN 0376-8716, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.02.018 .
The White House. (2022, March 1). FACT SHEET: President Biden to Announce Strategy to Address Our National Mental Health Crisis, As Part of Unity Agenda in his First State of the Union. https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-...of-the-union/#
Wolotira, E.A. (2023). Trauma, compassion fatigue, and burnout in nurses: The nurse leader’s response. Nurse Leader , 21 (2):202-206. doi: 10.1016/j.mnl.2022.04.009.
Worcester County Health Department. (2019). Worcester County, Maryland Heroin/Opioid Community Response Plan 3rd Edition. https://www.worcesterhealth.org/images/ORP2019.pdf
World Health Organization. (2016, April 13). Investing in treatment for depression and anxiety leads to fourfold return . https://www.who.int/news/item/13-04-...ourfold-return
World Health Organization. (2019, September 9). Suicide: one person dies every 40 seconds . https://www.who.int/news/item/09-09-...ery-40-seconds
World Health Organization. (2022a). Mental Disorders. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-s...ntal-disorders
World Health Organization. (2022b). Human Rights. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-s...hts-and-health
Administration for Strategic Preparedness & Response. (n.d.). Strategic National Stockpile . aspr.hhs.gov/SNS/Pages/default.aspx
Akins, R. B., Williams, J.R., Silenas, R., & Edwards, J.C. (2005). The role of public health nurses in bioterrorism preparedness. Disaster Management Response, 3(4), 98-105. doi: 10.1016/j.dmr.2005.07.004
Alathari, L., Drysdale, D., Driscoll, S., Carlock, A., & Cutler, M. (2023, January). Mass attacks in public spaces: 2016-2020. U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. U.S. Department of Homeland Security. https://www.secretservice.gov/sites/...-2016-2020.pdf
Alpert, E.A. & Kohn, M.D. (2023, August 8). EMS Mass Casualty Response . In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; PMID: 30725657 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30725657/
American Nurses Association. (2016). Disaster preparedness . https://www.nursingworld.org/practic...-preparedness/
American Red Cross. (2020). New research: Older adults more vulnerable after disasters. https://www.redcross.org/about-us/ne...disasters.html
Asia-Pacific Climate Change Adaptation Information Platform. (2022). Six steps of disaster risk assessment. https://ap-plat.nies.go.jp/adaptatio...r_lesson2.html
Association of Public Health Nurses Public Health Preparedness Committee. (APHN, 2014). Role of the public health nurse in disaster preparedness, response, and recovery: A position paper (2nd ed.). Association of Public Health Nurses. www.phnurse.org/assets/docs/Role
Bland, S.A. (2014). Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear (CBRN) Casualty Management Principles. In: Ryan, J., et al. Conflict and Catastrophe Medicine. Springer, London. doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471 2927-1_46
Brenan, M. (2019). Nearly half in U.S. fear being the victim of a mass shooting . Gallup. https://news.gallup.com/poll/266681/...-shooting.aspx
Brodeur, A. & Yousaf, H. (2022). On the economic consequences of mass shootings. GLO Discussion Paper Series, 1133 . Global Labor Organization.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2018). Bioterrorism agents/diseases . emergency.cdc.gov/agent/agen...ory.asp#catdef
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020, November 20). What is anthrax? www.cdc.gov/anthrax/basics/index.html
Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters. (CRED, 2023). 2022 disasters in numbers . cred.be/sites/default/files/...DAT_report.pdf
Charney, R., Rebmann, T., Endrizal, A., & Dalawari, P. (2018). The general public’s attitudes and beliefs regarding resource management, collaboration, and community assistance centers during disasters. Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness, 12(4), 446-449. doi:10.1017/dmp.2017.108
Chegini, Z., Arab-Zozani, M., Kakemam, E., Lotfi, M., Nobakht, A., & Karkan, H. A. (2021). Disaster preparedness and core competencies among emergency nurses: A cross-sectional study. Nursing Open, 9, 1294-1302. doi: 10.1002/nop2.1172
Clarkson, L. & Williams, M. (2023, August 8). EMS mass casualty triage . In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan. PMID: 29083791. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459369/
Committee on Lessons Learned from the Fukushima Nuclear Accident for Improving Safety and Security of U.S. Nuclear Plants; Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board; Division on Earth and Life Studies; National Research Council. (2014). Lessons Learned from the Fukushima Nuclear Accident for Improving Safety of U.S. Nuclear Plants . www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK253930/#
deAnda, H. H., Freeman, C. L., & Braithwaite, S. (2022). EMS criteria for disaster declaration. In StatPearls [ebook]. StatPearls Publishing. https://pubmed-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov.elib....edu/30969625/
Deb, P. & Gangaram, A. (2023, March). Effects of school shootings on risky behavior, health and human capital . National Bureau of Economic Research. https://www.nber.org/papers/w28634
Dembeck, Z. F., et al. (Eds.). (2011). USAMRIIDs medical management of biological casualties handbook (7th ed.). USAMRIID. https://dph.illinois.gov/content/dam...011-041816.pdf
Donner, W. & Rodriquez, H. (2011). Disaster risk and vulnerability: The role and impact of population and society. PRB. www.prb.org/resources/disasterrisk/#
Emergency Planning: Tornadoes and hurricanes. (2017). Briefings on Hospital Safety , 25(4), 4–10.
Environmental Protection Agency. (2022). Deepwater Horizon – BP Gulf of Mexico oil spill . https://www.epa.gov/enforcement/deep...xico-oil-spill
Everytown. (2023). Mass shootings in the United States. https://everytownresearch.org/mass-s...gs-in-america/
Federal Bureau of Investigation. (n.d.). Amerithrax or anthrax investigation . www.fbi.gov/history/famous-c...investigation#
Federal Emergency Management Agency. (FEMA, 2017). National Incident Management System (3rd ed.). https://www.fema.gov/sites/default/f...trine-2017.pdf
Federal Emergency Management Agency. (FEMA, 2018). ICS organizational structure and elements. https://training.fema.gov/emiweb/is/...20elements.pdf
Federal Emergency Management Agency. (FEMA, 2021). Developing and maintaining emergency operations plans: Comprehensive preparedness guide (CPG)101. Version 3.0 . https://www.fema.gov/sites/default/f...ining-eops.pdf
Federal Emergency Management Agency. (FEMA, 2023). National risk and capability assessment. https://www.fema.gov/emergency-manag...assessment#spr
Federal Emergency Management Agency & US Department of Homeland Security. (2017). The official FEMA disaster preparedness guide: Are you ready? CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. https://www.fema.gov/pdf/areyouready/terrorism.pdf
Federal Emergency Management Agency; U.S. Department of Homeland Security. (FEMA/Homeland Security, 2018). Threat and Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (THIRA) and Stakeholder Preparedness Review (SPR) Guide (3rd ed.). https://www.fema.gov/sites/default/f...al20180525.pdf
Flanagan, B.E., Hallisey, E.J., Adams, E., & Lavery, A. (2018). Measuring community vulnerability to natural and anthropogenic hazards: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Social Vulnerability Index. Journal of Environmental Health, 80(10), 34-36.
Frischknecht F. (2003). The history of biological warfare. Human experimentation, modern nightmares and lone madmen in the twentieth century. EMBO Reports, 4(Suppl 1), S47-52. Doi: 10.1038/sj.embor.embor849
Gun Violence Archive. (2023). Gun Violence Archive 2023. www.gunviolencearchive.org/
Hayoun, M.A. & King, K.C. (2022). Biological warfare agent toxicity. N StatPearls [ebook]. StatPearls Publishing. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441942/
Homeland Security. (2015). National Preparedness Goal (2nd ed.) https://www.fema.gov/sites/default/f...nd_edition.pdf
Homeland Security. (2019). National Response Framework (4th ed.). https://www.fema.gov/sites/default/f...ed_2011028.pdf
International Atomic Energy Agency. (2023). Frequently asked Chernobyl questions . https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/focus/chernobyl/faqs
International Council of Nurses. (2019). Core competencies in disaster nursing, Version 2.0. https://www.icn.ch/sites/default/fil...Report_WEB.pdf
Jakeway, C., LaRosa, G., Cary, A., & Schoenfisch, S. (2008). The role of public health nurses in emergency preparedness and response: A position paper of the Association of State and Territorial Directors of Nursing. Public Health Nursing , 24 (4), 353 – 361.
Khorram-Manesh, A. & Burkle, F. M., Jr. (2020). Disasters and public health emergencies- Current perspectives in preparedness and response. Sustainability, 12(20), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12208561
Klein, T. A. & Irizarry, L. (2022). EMS disaster response. In StatPearls [ebook]. StatPearls Publishing. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560710/#
Krausmann, E. & Necci, A. (2021). Thinking the unthinkable: A perspective on natech risks and Black Swans. Safety Science, 139, 10525. doi-org.ezproxy3.lhl.uab.edu...ci.2021.105255
Lincoln, E.W., Freeman, C.L. & Strecker-McGraw, M.K. (2023). EMS Incident Command. StatPearls. National Library of Medicine. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534800/
Martin, C. (2019). Digital Dialogue No. 4: Improving the disaster recovery of low income household. Digital Dialogues. University of Pennsylvania. https://esg.wharton.upenn.edu/engage...ster-recovery/
National Council Medical Director Institute. (NCMDI, 2019). Mass violence in America: Causes, impacts, and solutions . National Council for Mental Wellbeing. https://www.thenationalcouncil.org/r...and-solutions/
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). (2017). Deepwater horizon oil spill long-term effects on marine mammals, sea turtles . National Ocean Service. https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/news/a...-species.html#
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). (n.d.-a). Severe weather 101: Tornado basics . NOAA National Severe Storms Laboratory. https://www.nssl.noaa.gov/education/...101/tornadoes/
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) (n.d.-b). Storm Surge Overview . National Hurricane Center and Central Pacific Hurricane Center. https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/surge/#
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). (n.d.-c). Tornadoes- Nature’s Most Violent Storms . NOAA National Severe Storms Laboratory. https://www.weather.gov/ffc/torntext
Peterson, J. & Densley, J. (2021). The Violence Project: How to Stop a Mass Shooting Epidemic . Abrams Press.
Polcarová, E. & Pupíková, J. (2020). Stakeholders engagement in the disaster recovery phase as a means of increasing resilience community. Safety Engineering Series, 15(1), 73-80. doi: 10.35182/tses-2020-0008
Prell, A. (2017, May 7). Wildfire arson: The impact of intentionally-caused wildfires in the United States . Redzone. https://www.redzone.co/2017/05/07/16...-wildfires-us/
Radosavljević, V., & Jakovljević, B. (2007). Bioterrorism--types of epidemics, new epidemiological paradigm and levels of prevention. Public health , 121(7), 549–557. https://doi-org.elib.uah.edu/10.1016...he.2006.12.010
Raker, E. J., Arcaya, M. C., Lowe, S. R., Zacher, M, Rhodes, J., and Waters, M. C. (2020). Mitigating health disparities after natural disasters: Lessons from the RISK project. Health Affairs, 39(12), 2128-2135. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2020.01161
Rural Health Information Hub (RHIhub). (2023). Partners and collaborators for emergency preparedness and response . https://www.ruralhealthinfo.org/tool...-collaborators
Siegel, J.D., Rhinehart, E., Jackson, M., & Chiarello, L. (2023). 2007 Guideline for isolation precautions: Preventing transmission of infections agents in healthcare setting. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol...idelines-H.pdf
Siva, R., & Prema. (2018). Disaster management - introduction, community preparedness and response and role of a public health nurse. Indian Journal of Continuing Nursing Education , 19(2), 58. https://link-gale-com.elib.uah.edu/a...A&xid=56e820b3
Soni, A. & Tekin, E. (2022, September 15). Mass shootings in the United States: Population health impacts and policy levers . Health Affairs Policy Brief. doi: 10.1377/hpb20220824.260250
Statista. (n.d.). Number of victims of the worst mass shootings in the United States between 1982 and August 2023. https://www.statista.com/statistics/...ngs-in-the-us/
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (n.d.). Incidents of mass violence . https://www.samhsa.gov/find-help/dis...-mass-violence
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2017). Greater impact: How disasters affect people of low socioeconomic status. Disaster Technical Assistance Center Supplemental Research Bulletin . https://www.samhsa.gov/sites/default...-low-ses_2.pdf
United Nations. (2021, September 01). Climate and weather related disasters surge five-fold over 50 years, but early warnings save lives—WMO report . United Nations News. https://news.un.org/en/story/2021/09/1098662
Urban Footprint. (2023). What is community resilience and why does it matter? https://urbanfootprint.com/community...ience-meaning/
USA Facts. (2023). What is considered a mass shooting? https://usafacts.org/articles/what-i...mass-shooting/
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. (HHS, 2012). Establishing procedures for the progressive stages of response and recovery. Public Health Emergency. https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/pla...rocedures.aspx
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2023). START Adult Triage Algorithm https://chemm.hhs.gov/startadult.htm
U.S. Department of Homeland Security. (Homeland Security, 2015). National Preparedness Goal (2nd ed.). https://www.fema.gov/sites/default/f...nd_edition.pdf
U.S. Department of Homeland Security. (2023). Disasters and emergencies. https://www.ready.gov/be-informed
U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (n.d.) MCMi history. www.fda.gov/emergency-prepar...i/mcmi-history
Weir, K. (2021, April 1). A thaw in the freeze on federal funding for gun violence and injury prevention research . American Psychological Association. https://www.apa.org/monitor/2021/04/...g-gun-research
White House. (2022, September 01). The rising costs of extreme weather events . White House.gov. https://www.whitehouse.gov/cea/writt...eather-events/
World Health Organization. (2023a). Biological weapons. https://www.who.int/health-topics/bi...pons#tab=tab_1
World Health Organization. (2023b). Floods . https://www.who.int/health-topics/floods#tab=tab_1
World Nuclear Association. (2022, April). Chernobyl Accident 1986 . https://world-nuclear.org/informatio...-accident.aspx
Zauche, L. H., Pomeroy, M., Demeke, H. B., Mettee Zarecki, S. L., Williams, J. L., Newsome, K., Hill, L., & Dooyema, C. A. (2022). Answering the call: The response of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s federal public health nursing workforce to the COVID-19 pandemic. American Journal of Public Health, 112(S3), S226–S230. doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306703
Abbasinia M, Ahmadi F, & Kazemnejad, A. (2020). Patient advocacy in nursing: A concept analysis. Nursing Ethics , 27 (1), 141–151. doi:10.1177/0969733019832950
American Academy of Nursing (AAN). (2023). Dr. Joyce Newman Giger, EdD, APRN, BC, FAAN . www.aannet.org/network/membe...3-83ca0a435a48
American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN). (2023, May 5). Nursing workforce fact sheet . https://www.aacnnursing.org/news-dat...ing-fact-sheet
American Nurses Association. (2022, June 24). ANA Advocacy Statement: U.S. Supreme Court’s decision to overturn Roe vs. Wade: Is a serious setback for reproductive health and human rights . https://www.nursingworld.org/news/ne...-human-rights/
American Nurses Association. (2023a, May 19). #NursesVote . https://nursesvote.org/nursesvote-so...-media-corner/
American Nurses Association. (2023b, September 12). Americans continue to rank nurses most honest and ethical professionals . https://www.nursingworld.org/news/ne...professionals/
American Psychological Association. (2020). COVID-19 . https://www.apa.org/topics/covid-19/...ce-child-abuse
Anikwe, C., Umeononihu, O., Anikwe, I., Ikeoha, C., Eleje, G., Ewah, R., Okorochukwu, B., Nwokoye, B., Ogah, C., & Chigozie, O. (2021). Burden of intimate partner violence among nurses and nursing students in a tertiary hospital in Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria. SAGE Open Nursing , 7 , 23779608211052356. doi.org/10.1177/23779608211052356
Buitron de la Vega, P., Losi, S., Sprague Martinez, L., Bovell-Ammon, A., Garg, A., James, T., Ewen, A., Stack, M., DeCarvalho, H., Sandel, M., Mishuris, R. G., Deych, S., Pelletier, P., & Kressin, N. R. (2019). Implementing an EHR-based screening and referral system to address social determinants of health in primary care. Medical Care, 57, S133–S139. doi.10.1097/MLR.0000000000001029
Campaign for Action. (2022, August 4). A Delaware school district program provides early exposure to nursing . https://campaignforaction.org/school...re-to-nursing/
Campaign for Action. (2023, May 19). Building a healthier America, state by state . https://campaignforaction.org/our-ne...on-coalitions/
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022). Life expectancy in the U.S. dropped for the second year in a row in 2021. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/pressroom/n...2/20220831.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2023a, July 25). HPV vaccine schedule and dosing . www.cdc.gov/hpv/hcp/schedule...endations.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2023b, October 13). Sexually transmitted infections prevalence, incidence, and cost estimates in the United States. www.cdc.gov/std/statistics/p...t-a-glance.htm
Chappell, B. (2023, June 13). Tori Bowie, an elite Olympic athlete, died of complications from childbirth . NPR. https://www.npr.org/2023/06/13/11819...rom-childbirth
Connecticut Nurses Association (CTNurses). (2023, June 13). Nursing policy, practice & advocacy. ctnurses.org/policy-and-advocacy
Crowder, S. J., Tanner, A. L., Dawson, M. A., Felsman, I. C., Hassmiller, S. B., Miller, L. C., Reinhard, S. C., & Toney, D. A. (2022). Better together: Coalitions committed to advancing health equity. Nursing Outlook , 70 (6 Suppl 1), S48–S58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2022.02.013
Davoodvand, S., Abbaszadeh, A., & Ahmadi, F. (2016). Patient advocacy from the clinical nurses’ viewpoint: A qualitative study. Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine , 9 .
Dierkes, A., Do, D., Morin, H., Rochman, M., Sloane, D., & McHugh, M. (2022).The impact of California’s staffing mandate and the economic recession on registered nurse staffing levels: A longitudinal analysis. Nursing Outlook , 70 (2), 219–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2021.09.007
Hardeman, R. R., Karbeah, J., Almanza, J., & Kozhimannil, K. B. (2020). Roots Community Birth Center: A culturally-centered care model for improving value and equity in childbirth. Healthcare (Amsterdam, Netherlands) , 8 (1), 100367. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hjdsi.2019.100367
Huecker, M. R., King, K. C., Jordan, G. A., & Smock, W. (2023). Domestic violence . StatPearls. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499891/
Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Initiative on the Future of Nursing, at the Institute of Medicine. (2011). The future of nursing: Leading change, advancing health . National Academies Press.
Iriarte-Roteta, A., Lopez-Dicastillo, O., Mujika, A., Ruiz-Zaldibar, C., Hernantes, N., Bermejo-Martins, E., & Pumar-Méndez, M. J. (2020). Nurses’ role in health promotion and prevention: A critical interpretive synthesis. Journal of Clinical Nursing , 29, 3937–3949. doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15441
Kalaitzidis, E., & Jewell, P. (2020). The concept of advocacy in nursing: A critical analysis. The Health Care Manager , 39 (2), 77–84.
Lasater, K. B., Aiken, L. H., Sloane, D., French, R., Martin, B., Alexander, M., & McHugh, M. D. (2021). Patient outcomes and cost savings associated with hospital safe nurse staffing legislation: An observational study. BMJ Open , 11 (12), e052899. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052899
MacDorman, M. F., Thoma, M., Declerq, E., & Howell, E. A. (2021). Racial and ethnic disparities in maternal mortality in the United States using enhanced vital records, 2016–2017. American Journal of Public Health, 9(111), 1673–81.
Medina-Martínez, J., Saus-Ortega, C., Sánchez-Lorente, M. M., Sosa-Palanca, E. M., García-Martínez, P., & Mármol-López, M. I. (2021). Health Inequities in LGBT people and nursing interventions to reduce them: A systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health , 18 (22), 11801. https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211801
National Academy of Medicine. (2023a, May 22). About the National Academy of Medicine . nam.edu/about-the-nam/
National Academy of Medicine. (2023b, May 22). The future of nursing 2020–2030: Charting a path to achieve health equity . nam.edu/publications/the-future-of- nursing-2020-2030/
National Health Care for the Homeless Council. (2023, May 21). Federal policy priorities: 2023–2025. https://nhchc.org/wp-content/uploads...-2023-2025.pdf
Nelson, A., Allen, J., Cho, H., Yun, S., Choi, Y., & Choi, G . (2023). Intimate partner violence and openness to online counseling among college students. Journal of Family Violence, 38 , 611–621. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-022-00396-4
New York State Nurses Association (NYSNA). (2023, October 13). Universal 1:2 nurse-to-patient ratio in effect for critical care patients. https://www.nysna.org/blog/2023/08/2...-care-patients
Nurses on Boards Coalition (NOBC). (2021). Message from NOBC board chair and executive director. https://www.nursesonboardscoalition....tive-director/
Penn Nursing. (n.d.). Regina S. Cunningham, PhD, RN, AOCN, FAAN. https://www.nursing.upenn.edu/detail...les.php?id=141
Phillips, J., Richard, A., Mayer, K. M., Shilkaitis, M., Fogg, L. F., & Vondracek, H. (2020). Integrating the social determinants of health into nursing practice: Nurses’ perspectives. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 52 , 497–505. doi.org/10.1111/jnu.12584
Reisner, S., Vetters, R., Leclerc, M., Zaslow, S., Wolfrum, S., Shumer, D., & Mimiaga, M. (2015). Mental health of transgender youth in care at an adolescent urban community health center: A matched retrospective cohort study. Journal of Adolescent Health, 56 (3), 274–279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.10.264
Seon, J., Cho, H., Choi, G. Y., Son, E., Allen, J., Nelson, A., & Kwon, I. (2022). Adverse childhood experiences, intimate partner violence victimization, and self-perceived health and depression among college students. Journal of Family Violence , 37 (4), 691–706.
Sigma. (2023, May 22). Join the nursing now challenge . https://www.sigmanursing.org/connect...gale-challenge
Tariq, R. A., George, J. S., Ampat, G., Toney-Butler, T. J. (2023). Back safety . StatPearls. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519066/
Tiase, V., Crookston, C., Schoenbaum, A., & Valu, M. (2022). Nurses’ role in addressing social determinants of health. Nursing 52 (4), 32–37. https:// doi.10.1097/01.NURSE.0000823284.16666.96
Tikkanen, R., & Abrams, M. (2020). U.S. health care from a global perspective, 2019: Higher spending, worse outcomes? Commonwealth Fund. www.commonwealthfund.org/pub...rspective-2019
Title VIII Nursing Workforce Reauthorization Act of 2019, H.R. 728. (2019).
Tordoff, D. M., Wanta, J, W., Collin, A., Stepney, C., Inwards-Breland, D. J., & Ahrens, K. (2022). Mental health outcomes in transgender and nonbinary youths receiving gender-affirming care. JAMA Network Open, 5 (2), e220978. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.0978
Tsui, J., Shin, M., Sloan, K., Martinez, B., Palinkas, L., Baezconde-Garbanati, L., Cantor, J., Hudson, S., & Crabtree, B. (2023). Understanding clinic and community member experiences with implementation of evidence-based strategies for HPV vaccination in safety-net primary care settings. Prevention Science, 27. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-023-01568-4
United States Department of Health & Human Services. (2020). Education access and quality . Healthy People 2030. https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...ss-and-quality
Abu, V. K. (2020). Let us be unequivocal about social justice in nursing. Nurse Education in Practice , 47 , 102849. doi:10.1016/j.nepr.2020.102849
American Association of Colleges of Nursing. (2023). Nursing workforce fact sheet . https://www.aacnnursing.org/news-dat...ing-fact-sheet
American Nurses Association. (2023). Health system transformation . https://www.nursingworld.org/practic...system-reform/
Benefits.gov. (2021). Learn the difference between SNAP and WIC programs . https://www.benefits.gov/news/article/439
Bitler, M., & Figinski, T. (2019). Long-run effects of food assistance: Evidence from the food stamp program . UC Davis. https://arefiles.ucdavis.edu/uploads...full-paper.pdf
Brokaw, J. (2016). The nursing profession’s potential impact on policy and politics. American Nurse Journal. 11( 9), 43–46.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020a). The CDC policy process . www.cdc.gov/policy/polaris/p...ess/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020b). Health disparities . https://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/dis...ties/index.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020c). Health in All Policies . www.cdc.gov/policy/hiap/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020d). Policy, performance, and evaluation at CDC . www.cdc.gov/policy/index.html
Children’s Defense Fund. (2023). The state of America’s children 2023 . www.childrensdefense.org/the...child-poverty/
Columbia University. (2023). Public health policy: Definition, examples, and more . https://www.publichealth.columbia.ed...examples-more#
Concannon, T., Grant, S., Welch, V., Petkovic, J., Selby, J., Crowe, S., Synnot, A., Greer-Smith, R., Mayo-Wilson, E., Tambor, E., & Tugwell, P. (2018, December). Practical guidance for involving stakeholders in Health Research. Journal of General Internal Medicine , 34 (3), 458–463. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30565151/
Coughlin, C. G., Bovell-Ammon, A., & Sandel, M. (2022). Extending the child tax credit to break the cycle of poverty. JAMA Pediatrics, 176 (3), 225–227. doi-org.ezp.twu.edu/10.1001/...rics.2021.4603
de la Sablonnière, R. (2017). Toward a psychology of social change: A typology of social change . Frontiers in Psychology , 8 , Article 397.
Deschaine, J. E., & Schaffer, M. A. (2003). Strengthening the Role of Public Health Nurse Leaders in Policy Development. Policy, Politics, & Nursing Practice. doi.org/10.11771527154403258308
Dickey, M. S., Mosley, E. A., Clark, E. A., Cordes, S., Lathrop, E., & Haddad, L. B. (2022). “They’re forcing people to have children that they can’t afford”: A qualitative study of social support and capital among individuals receiving an abortion in Georgia. Social Science & Medicine , 315 . doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115547
Health Resources and Services Administration. (2023a). Bright futures . https://mchb.hrsa.gov/programs-impact/bright-futures
Health Resources and Services Administration. (2023b). NHSC rural community loan repayment program . https://nhsc.hrsa.gov/loan-repayment...ayment-program
Jakab, Z., Selbie, D., Squires, N., Mustafa, S., & Saikat, S. (2021). Building the evidence base for global health policy: The need to strengthen institutional networks, geographical representation, and global collaboration. BMJ Global Health, 6, e006852.
Kovner, C. (2023). Together we can influence policy changes. Policy, Politics & Nursing Practice 24 (1). doi-org.ezp.twu.edu/10.1177/15271544221147446
Leal, M. (2022). Public health and economic development: The case of Medicaid . . . Does “economic growth” result in better “population health”? Journal of Public Health , 44 (4), 727.
Maryville University. (2022). How to break the cycle of poverty: Impact on global growth. https://online.maryville.edu/blog/ho...le-of-poverty/
Mills, J. (2023). More than a half-century with haloperidol: Glories, disparities, and use today. Issues in Mental Health Nursing , 44 (1), 83–87. doi:10.1080/01612840.2022.2158683
Muetzel, L., Dye, M., O’Brien, C., Milburn, S., & Rosselet, R. (2022). Nursing government affairs advocacy fellow: Introducing nurses to policy. Nursing, 52 (10), 47–49. doi:10.1097/01.NURSE.0000872404.14935.31
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. (2017). Communities in action: Pathways to health equity . The National Academies Press.
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, National Academy of Medicine, & Committee on the Future of Nursing 2020–2030. (2021). The role of nurses in improving health equity. In J. L. Flaubert, S. Le Menestrel, D. R. Williams, et al. (Eds.), The future of nursing 2020–2030: Charting a path to achieve health equity . National Academies Press. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK573898/
National Institutes of Health. (2023). Evidence-based practices, programs, and resources. prevention.nih.gov/research-...tices-programs
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020a). Browse evidence-based resources . Healthy People 2023. https://health.gov/healthypeople/too...ased-resources
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020b). Health policy. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://health.gov/healthypeople/obj...ased-resources
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020c). Healthy People 2030 . https://health.gov/healthypeople
Pollack-Porter, K. M., Rutkow, L., & McGinty, E. E. (2018). The importance of policy change for addressing public health problems. Public Health Reports, 133 (1_suppl), 9S–14S. doi:10.1177/0033354918788880
Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. (2023). Why build a culture of health? https://www.rwjf.org/en/building-a-c...th-equity.html
Sharfstein, J. M., & Thornton, R. L. J. (2021). US Healthcare Policy and Child Poverty. Academic pediatrics , 21 (8S), S88–S89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2021.07.013
Smith, J. (2020). Healthcare policy and decision-making . Health Publications.
Timmons, T. (2021). Social justice, ethics, and the nursing profession . Wolters Kluwer. https://www.wolterskluwer.com/en/exp...ing-profession
Trisi, D. & Saenz, M. (2020, February 27). Policy brief: Deep poverty among children rose in TANF’s first decade, then fell as other programs strengthened . Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. https://www.cbpp.org/sites/default/f...-27-20pov2.pdf
Tucker, C. (2014). Health-in-all-policies guide can help communities plan for better health. (Public Health Institute’s “Health in all policies: A guide for state and local governments”). The Nation’s Health, 43 (10), 12. search-proquest-com.ezp.twu....iew/1477195703
Turale, S., & Kunaviktikul, W. (2019). The contribution of nurses to health policy and advocacy requires leaders to provide training and mentorship. International Nursing Review, 66 (3), 302–304. doi:10.1111/inr.12550
United States Department of Health and Human Services. (2023). Head Start services . https://www.acf.hhs.gov/ohs/about/head-start
United States Preventive Services Task Force. (2023). Recommendation topics . https://www.uspreventiveservicestask...ndation-topics
Yohanna, D. (2013). Deinstitutionalization of people with mental illness: Causes and consequences . AMA Journal of Ethics. https://journalofethics.ama-assn.org...uences/2013-10
Abernethy, A., Adams, L., Barrett, M., Bechtel, C., Brennan, P., Butte, A., Faulkner, J., Fontaine, E., Friedhoff, S., Halamka, J., Howell, M., Johnson, K., Long, P., McGraw, D., Miller, R., Lee, P., Perlin, J., Rucker, D., Sandy, L., … Valdes, K. (2022). The promise of digital health: Then, now, and the future . NAM Perspectives. Discussion Paper. National Academy of Medicine. doi.org/10.31478/202206e
Adapa, K., Jain, S., Kanwar, R., Zaman, T., Taneja, T., Walker, J., & Mazur, L. (2020). Augmented reality in patient education and health literacy: A scoping review protocol. BMJ Open, 10 (9), e038416. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038416
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (2020, April). AHRQ activities using community-based participatory research to address health care disparities. https://www.ahrq.gov/research/findin...ief/index.html
American Association of Colleges of Nursing. (2021a). The essentials: Core competencies for professional nursing education . https://www.aacnnursing.org/Portals/...tials-2021.pdf
American Association of Colleges of Nursing. (2021b). Nursing faculty shortage . https://www.aacnnursing.org/News-Inf...culty-Shortage
American Association of Colleges of Nursing. (2022, October). Fact sheet: Nursing shortage . https://www.aacnnursing.org/Portals/...-Factsheet.pdf
American Association of Colleges of Nursing. (2023, April). Enhancing diversity in the nursing workforce . https://www.aacnnursing.org/news-dat...sing-workforce
American Hospital Association. (2016). Task Force on Ensuring Access in Vulnerable Communities . https://www.aha.org/system/files/con...ec-summary.pdf
American Nurses Association. (n.d.). Leadership in nursing: Qualities & why it matters. www.nursingworld.org/practic...ip-in-nursing/
Antonisse, L., Garfield, R., Rudowitz, R., & Artiga, S. (2022). Key issues in understanding the role of Medicaid in long-term services and supports . Kaiser Family Foundation.
Association of American Medical Colleges. (2021, June 11). AAMC report reinforces mounting physician shortage . www.aamc.org/news/press-rele...ician-shortage
Azar, K. M. J. (2021). The evolving role of nurse leadership in the fight for health equity. Nurse Leader, 19 (6), 571–575. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mnl.2021.08.006
Babu, R., & Jayashree, K. (2015). A survey on the role of IoT and cloud in health care. International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology Research, 4 (12), 2217–2219.
Booth, R. G., Strudwick, G., McBride, S., O’Connor, S., & Solano López, A. L. (2021). How the nursing profession should adapt for a digital future. BMJ, 373 , n1190. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n1190
Bowe, A. K., Lightbody, G., Staines, A., & Murray, D. M. (2023). Big data, machine learning, and population health: Predicting cognitive outcomes in childhood. Pediatric Research , 93 (2), 300-307. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-022-02137-1
Buxbaum, J. D., Chernew, M. E., Fendrick, A. M., & Cutler, D. M. (2020). Contributions of public health, pharmaceuticals, and other medical care to us life expectancy changes, 1990–2015. Health Affairs, 39 (9), 1546–1556. doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2020.00284
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2016a, June 9). Health in all policies. Office of Policy, Performance, and Evaluation. www.cdc.gov/policy/hiap/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2016b, September 19.) Health impact assessment. www.cdc.gov/healthyplaces/hia.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019, March 8). 2014–2016 Ebola outbreak in West Africa . www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/histor...eak/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020). Paving the road to health equity . www.cdc.gov/minorityhealth/p...ity/index.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021). HPV vaccine safety and effectiveness data . www.cdc.gov/hpv/hcp/vaccine-safety-data.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022). Community health worker resources. www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/c...resources.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023, April 20). Fast facts on global immunization . www.cdc.gov/globalhealth/imm...ast-facts.html
Chaiton, M., Diemert, L., Cohen, J. E., Bondy, S. J., Selby, P., Philipneri, A., & Schwartz, R. (2016). Estimating the number of quit attempts it takes to quit smoking successfully in a longitudinal cohort of smokers. BMJ open , 6(6), e011045. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011045
Clancy T. R. (2020). Artificial intelligence and nursing: The future is now. The Journal of Nursing Administration , 50 (3), 125–127. doi.org/10.1097/NNA.0000000000000855
Filip, R., Gheorghita Puscaselu, R., Anchidin-Norocel, L., Dimian, M., & Savage, W. K. (2022). Global challenges to public health care systems during the COVID-19 pandemic: A review of pandemic measures and problems. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 12 (8), 1295. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12081295
Framingham Heart Study. (n.d.). Home page. https://www.framinghamheartstudy.org/
Haddad, L. M., Annamaraju, P., & Toney-Butler, T. J. (2023). Nursing shortage . StatPearls. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493175/
Health Resources and Services Administration. (2017). Nursing workforce projections by ethnicity and race 20142030 . https://bhw.hrsa.gov/sites/default/f...heet-12-17.pdf
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. (2020, October 15). GBD results . https://www.healthdata.org/data-visu...on/gbd-results
Junaid, S.B., Imam, A.A., Balogun, A.O., De Silva, L.C., Surakat, Y.A., Kumar, G., Abdulkarim, M., Shuaibu, A.N., Garba, A., Sahalu, Y., Mohammed, A., Mohammed, T.Y., Abdulkadir, B.A., Abba, A.A., Kakumi, N.A.I., & Mahamad, S. (2022). Recent advancements in emerging technologies for healthcare management systems: A survey. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 10(10), 1940. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10101940
Juraschek, S. P., Zhang, X., Ranganathan, V., & Lin, V. W. (2019). United States registered nurse workforce report card and shortage forecast. American Journal of Medical Quality, 34 (5), 473–481. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31479295/
Khan Z.H., Siddique A., & Lee C.W. (2020). Robotics utilization for healthcare digitization in global COVID-19 management. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health . 17:3819. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17113819
Klobucista, C. (2022). U.S. life expectancy is in decline. Why aren’t other countries suffering the same problem? Council on Foreign Relations. https://www.cfr.org/in-brief/us-life...g-same-problem
Laplante, P. A., Kassab, M., Laplante, N. L., & Voas, J. M. (2018). Building caring healthcare systems in the Internet of Things. IEEE systems journal , 12 (3), 10.1109/JSYST.2017.2662602. doi.org/10.1109/JSYST.2017.2662602
Lopes, M. A., Almeida, Á. S., & Almada-Lobo, B. (2015). Handling healthcare workforce planning with care: Where do we stand? Human Resources for Health, 13 (38). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12960-015-0028-0
Mensah, G. A., Wei, G. S., Sorlie, P. D., Fine, L. J., Rosenberg, Y., Kaufmann, P. G., Mussolino, M. E., Hsu, L. L., Addou, E., Engelgau, M. M., & Gordon, D. (2017). Decline in cardiovascular mortality: Possible causes and implications. Circulation Research , 120 (2), 366–380. doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.116.309115
Mental Health America. (2023). Policy issues and position statements . https://mhanational.org/position-statements
Miyagawa, M. , Kai, Y. , Yasuhara, Y. , Ito, H. , Betriana, F. , Tanioka, T. and Locsin, R. (2020). Consideration of safety management when using pepper, a humanoid robot for care of older adults. Intelligent Control and Automation, 11, 15-24. doi: 10.4236/ica.2020.111002.
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. (2019). Taking action against clinician burnout: A systems approach to professional well-being. The National Academies Press. https://www.nap.edu/read/25521/chapter/1
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; National Academy of Medicine; Committee on the Future of Nursing 2020–2030. (2021). The nursing workforce. In J.L. Flaubert, S. Le Menestrel, & D.R. Williams, et al. (Eds.). The future of nursing 2020–2030: Charting a path to achieve health equity. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/25982
National Center for Health Workforce Analysis. (2018). National sample survey of registered nurses, 2018 [Data set]. Health Resources and Services Administration. https://data.hrsa.gov/topics/health-...ce-survey-data
National Human Genome Research Institute. (2020, December 2). Genomics and medicine . https://www.genome.gov/health/Genomics-and-Medicine
National Institutes of Health. (2022a). Annual report to the nation: Cancer deaths continue a downward trend; modest improvements in survival for pancreatic cancer . https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news...creatic-cancer
National Institutes of Health. (2022b). Tobacco smoking rates are decreasing in people with major depression and substance use disorder . https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news...e-use-disorder
Nurses’ Health Study. (n.d.). History . https://nurseshealthstudy.org/
Ott, S., Shaw, M., Danila, R., & Lynfield, R. (2007). Trends in population-based active surveillance for hepatitis C virus infection—United States, 2006–2007. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 56 (50), 1218–1222.
The Overdose Response Strategy. (2018). 2018 Annual report. https://www.hidta.org/wp-content/upl...x-00000003.pdf
Park, I.H., Arora, N., Huo, H., Maherali, N., Ahfeldt, T., Shimamura, A., Lensch, M. W., Cowan, C., Hochedlinger, K., & Daley, G. Q. (2008). Disease-specific induced pluripotent stem cells. Cell , 134(5),877–886. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2008.07.041
Pittman, P., & Park, J. (2021, May 31). Rebuilding community-based and public health nursing in the wake of COVID-19. The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 26 (7). https://ojin.nursingworld.org/table-...e-of-covid-19/
Population Health Research Institute. (2023). Global health, global partners, global impact . https://www.phri.ca/
Quad Council Coalition Competency Review Task Force. (2018). Community/public health nursing competencies . https://www.cphno.org/wp-content/upl..._Final-002.pdf
Rogerson, B., Lindberg, R., Baum, F., Dora, C., Haigh, F., Simoncelli, A. M., Williams, L. P., Peralta, G., Pollack Porter, K. M., & Solar, O. (2020). Recent advances in health impact assessment and health in all policies implementation: Lessons from an international convening in Barcelona. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17 (21), 7714. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17217714
Rural Health Information Hub. (2023, July 24). Community health workers in rural settings . https://www.ruralhealthinfo.org/topi...health-workers
Saeed, S. A., & Masters, R. M. (2021). Disparities in health care and the digital divide. Current psychiatry reports , 23 (9), 61. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-021-01274-4
Sencer, D. J. (2023). Safe and dignified burials . CDC Museum. cdcmuseum.org/exhibits/show/...nified-burials
Soriano, G. P., Yasuhara, Y., Ito, H., Matsumoto, K., Osaka, K., Kai, Y., Locsin, R., Schoenhofer, S., & Tanioka, T. (2022). Robots and robotics in nursing. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 10(8), 1571. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10081571
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2023, July 26). Co-occurring disorders and other health conditions . https://www.samhsa.gov/medications-s...ring-disorders
Thakarar, K., Nenninger, K., & Agmas, W. (2020). Harm Reduction Services to Prevent and Treat Infectious Diseases in People Who Use Drugs. Infectious disease clinics of North America, 34(3), 605–620. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idc.2020.06.013
Thomas, L. (2022). Recent developments in health technology . News Medical Life Sciences. https://www.news-medical.net/health/...echnology.aspx
Tiase, V.L. Cato, K.D. (September 30, 2021). From artificial intelligence to augmented intelligence: Practical guidance for nurses. OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing Vol. 26, No. 3, Manuscript 4. https://ojin.nursingworld.org/table-...-intelligence/
U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration. (2021, March 2). 2020 National drug threat assessment. www.dea.gov/documents/2021/0...eat-assessment
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). (2023, March 29). FDA approves second over-the-counter naloxone nasal spray product . https://www.fda.gov/news-events/pres...ne-nasal-spray
World Health Organization. (2022). Immunization coverage . https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-s...ation-coverage
World Health Organization. (2023). Health workforce . https://www.who.int/health-topics/he...orce#tab=tab_1