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3: Antimicrobials

Last updated

Aug 20, 2022
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- 2.7: Glossary
- 3.1: Fluoroquinolones

Ernstmeyer & Christman (Eds.)
Chippewa Valley Technical College via OpenRN

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3.1: Fluoroquinolones
3.2: Macrolides
Macrolides are complex antibacterial broad-spectrum medications that are effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
3.3: Aminoglycosides
Aminoglycosides are a potent broad spectrum of antibiotics that are useful for treating severe infections. Many aminoglycosides are poorly absorbed in the GI tract; therefore, the majority are given IV or IM. Aminoglycosides are potentially nephrotoxic and neurotoxic. They should be administered cautiously. Blood peak and trough levels should be performed to titrate a safe dose for each patient.
3.4: Tetracyclines
Tetracyclines are broad-spectrum antibiotics that are bacteriostatic, subsequently inhibiting bacterial growth.
3.5: Antivirals
Unlike the complex structure of fungi or protozoa, viral structure is simple. There are several subclasses of antiviral medications: antiherpes, antiinfluenza, anti-hepatitis, and antiretrovirals. Each subclass will be discussed in the section.
3.6: Antifungals
3.7: Antimalarials
3.8: Antiprotozoals
3.9: Antihelmintic
3.10: Antituberculars
3.11: Antimicrobials Introduction
3.12: Miscellaneous Antibacterials- Glycopeptides
3.13: Module Learning Activities
3.14: Glossary
3.15: Antimicrobial Basics
3.16: Administration Considerations
3.17: Nursing Process
3.18: Penicillins
3.19: Cephalosporins
Cephalosporins are a slightly modified chemical “twin” to penicillins due to their beta lactam chemical structure. (See Figure 3.8 for a comparison of the beta-lactam ring structure, spectrum of activity, and route of administration across different classes of medications.) Because of these similarities, some patients who have allergies to penicillins may experience cross-sensitivity to cephalosporins.
3.20: Carbapenems
3.21: Monobactams
3.22: Sulfonamides

Thumbnail: A neutrophil (a type of white blood cell, shown in blue-gray) interacting with Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria (shown in pink). CC-BY 2.0, NIAID)

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