Unit 5: Energy, Maintenance, and Environmental Exchange
- Page ID
- 106257
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)In Unit 5, students discover the interaction between body systems and the outside environment for the exchange of materials, the capture of energy, the release of waste, and the overall maintenance of the internal systems that regulate the exchange. The explanations and illustrations are particularly focused on how structure relates to function.
- Chapter 22: The Respiratory System
- The respiratory system consists of specific organs and structures used for the process of respiration in an organism. The respiratory system is involved in the intake and exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between an organism and the environment.
- 22.0: Introduction
- 22.1: Organs and Structures of the Respiratory System
- 22.1.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 22.2: The Lungs
- 22.2.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 22.3: The Process of Breathing
- 22.3.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 22.4: Gas Exchange
- 22.4.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 22.5: Transport of Gases
- 22.5.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 22.6: Modifications in Respiratory Functions
- 22.6.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 22.7: Embryonic Development of the Respiratory System
- 22.7.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 22.8: Key Terms
- 22.9: Interactive Link Questions
- Chapter 23: The Digestive System
- 23.0: Introduction
- 23.1: Overview of the Digestive System
- 23.1.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 23.2: Digestive System Processes and Regulation
- 23.2.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 23.3: The Mouth, Pharynx, and Esophagus
- 23.3.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 23.4: The Stomach
- 23.4.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 23.5: The Small and Large Intestines
- 23.5.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 23.6: Accessory Organs in Digestion- The Liver, Pancreas, and Gallbladder
- 23.6.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 23.7: Chemical Digestion and Absorption - A Closer Look
- 23.7.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 23.8: Key Terms
- 23.9: Interactive Link Questions
- Chapter 24: Metabolism and Nutrition
- This chapter will take you through some of the chemical reactions essential to life, the sum of which is referred to as metabolism. The focus of these discussions will be anabolic reactions and catabolic reactions. You will examine the various chemical reactions that are important to sustain life, including why you must have oxygen, how mitochondria transfer energy, and the importance of certain “metabolic” hormones and vitamins.
- 24.0: Introduction
- 24.1: Overview of Metabolic Reactions
- 24.1.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 24.2: Carbohydrate Metabolism
- 24.2.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 24.3: Lipid Metabolism
- 24.3.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 24.4: Protein Metabolism
- 24.4.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 24.5: Metabolic States of the Body
- 24.5.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 24.6: Energy and Heat Balance
- 24.6.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 24.7: Nutrition and Diet
- 24.7.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 24.8: Key Terms
- Chapter 25: The Urinary System
- 25.0: Introduction
- 25.1: Physical Characteristics of Urine
- 25.1.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 25.2: Gross Anatomy of Urine Transport
- 25.2.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 25.3: Gross Anatomy of the Kidney
- 25.3.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 25.4: Microscopic Anatomy of the Kidney
- 25.4.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 25.5: Physiology of Urine Formation
- 25.5.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 25.6: Tubular Reabsorption
- 25.6.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 25.7: Regulation of Renal Blood Flow
- 25.7.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 25.8: Endocrine Regulation of Kidney Function
- 25.8.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 25.9: Regulation of Fluid Volume and Composition
- 25.9.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 25.10: The Urinary System and Homeostasis
- 25.10.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 25.11: Key Terms
- Chapter 26: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance
- Homeostasis, or the maintenance of constant conditions in the body, is a fundamental property of all living things. In the human body, the substances that participate in chemical reactions must remain within narrows ranges of concentration. Too much or too little of a single substance can disrupt your bodily functions. Because metabolism relies on reactions that are all interconnected, any disruption might affect multiple organs or even organ systems.
- 26.0: Introduction
- 26.1: Body Fluids and Fluid Compartment
- 26.1.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 26.2: Water Balance
- 26.2.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 26.3: Electrolyte Balance
- 26.3.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 26.4: Acid-Base Balance
- 26.4.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 26.5: Disorders of Acid-Base Balance
- 26.5.1: Student Notebook Assignment
- 26.6: Key Terms
- 26.7: Interactive Link Questions
Thumbnail: This image shows a cross section of a kidney. (CC BY-SA 3.0; Holly Fischer/Wikipedia).


