2.13: Stomatocytes

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Cell Description:

Red blood cells that appear to have an area of central pallor that is slit-like (stoma) instead of circular.¹ Cells are normal in size but lack it’s normal biconcavity.² By using electron microscopy, cells instead appear “cup” or “bowl” shaped.³

Cell Formation:

Cell formation is due to a membrane defects (acquired or inherited) that results alterations in cell volume. Both an increase (hydrocytosis) and a decrease (xerocytosis) in cell volume can cause the production of stomatocytes.²

Associated Disease/Clinical States:^1,2,4,5

Hereditary Stomatocytosis

Artifact

Alcoholism

Liver disease

Rh Null Disease

Drugs (effects are often reversible)

References:

1. Rodak BF, Carr JH. Variations in shape and distribution of erythrocytes. In: Clinical hematology atlas. 5th ed. St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier Inc.; 2017. p. 93-106.

2. Jones KW. Evaluation of cell morphology and introduction to platelet and white blood cell morphology. In: Clinical hematology and fundamentals of hemostasis. 5th ed. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Company; 2009. p. 93-116.

3. Bain BJ. Morphology of blood cells. In: Blood cells: a practical guide [Internet]. 5th ed. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2015 [cited 2018 Jul 10]: 67-185. Available from: http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/9781118817322

4. Landis-Piwowar K, Landis J, Keila P. The complete blood count and peripheral blood smear evaluation. In: Clinical laboratory hematology. 3rd ed. New Jersey: Pearson; 2015. p. 154-77.

5. Ford J. Red blood cell morphology. Int J Lab Hematol [Internet]. 2013 Mar 9 [cited 2018 Jul 12];35(3):351–7. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/ijlh.12082