1: History of Radiation Safety
- Page ID
- 153909
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)ANSI/ASNT CP-105- 2016 Section 1(1.1-1.4)
Upon completion of this unit, the student will be able to understand and explain the historical industrial radiographic contributions and significance of:
- Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen
- Marie and Pierre Curie
- Henri Becquerel
- Radiographic History in the U.S.
- Prepare for ASNT (American Society for Non-Destructive Testing) TC-1A Radiation Safety Certification Exam
- Sneak Preview: ALARA, Math, Time-Distance-shielding
Learning Activities:
- Lecture and discussion and unit reading materials
- Guest Speaker – LBCC Radiation Safety officer (RSO)
- Radiation Safety Article Review #1
- Sneak Preview – lecture & Worksheet
Learning Resources:
- Significant Historical Figures in Radiography
- NRC Website
- Glossary
Evaluation:
- Guest Speaker Evaluation
- Article Review #1
- ALARA Article Review
- Quiz #1
- 1.1: Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen
- This page discusses Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, a German physicist known for discovering X-rays in 1895, which transformed medical diagnostics and non-destructive testing. It highlights his first medical X-ray image, taken of his wife's hand, as a key moment in scientific progress. Additionally, it provides links to articles and videos for more information on Röntgen's life and scientific contributions.
- 1.2: Antoine Henri Becquerel
- This page summarizes the contributions of Henri Becquerel, a French physicist who discovered spontaneous radioactivity and shared the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics with Marie and Pierre Curie. The SI unit for radioactivity, "Becquerel" (Bq), is named after him. Additionally, the page offers links to biographies and videos about his life and achievements.
- 1.3: Radiation History in the U.S.
- This page discusses the early exploration of X-rays by Thomas Edison and Clarence Dally, highlighting Dally's death due to radiation exposure. It describes the use of fluoroscopes in shoe fitting from the 1920s to the 1950s, prioritizing sales over safety.
- 1.4: ALARA Article Reviews
- This page reviews articles on the ALARA principle in radiation protection, detailing its benefits and drawbacks. It offers historical and critical resources from reputable organizations and tasks readers with defining ALARA, its legal origins, and methods of assessment, alongside understanding gamma ray sources. The page also encourages reflection on Dr. Eric P. Loewen's views on reforming ALARA, inviting readers to express their agreement or disagreement.
- 1.5: Sneak Preview Note & Worksheet
- This page outlines key radiological safety concepts, focusing on the ALARA principle to maintain minimal radiation exposure. It explains the Inverse Square Law, which relates distance to radiation intensity, and highlights the importance of Time, Distance, and Shielding for safety. The page also discusses the Half Value Layer formula to calculate necessary shielding thickness. Overall, it equips radiographers with essential knowledge to effectively implement safety measures.
- 1.6: Unit #1 Glossary of Terms
- This page covers essential concepts of radioactivity, including units like Curie (Ci) and Becquerel (Bq), and historical figures such as Marie Curie and Henri Becquerel. It highlights the misuse of the fluoroscope and details terms related to radiation and radioactivity, including roentgen (R) and X-rays. The page underscores the significance of radiation safety in various applications.
- 1.7: Marie and Pierre Curie
- This page highlights the remarkable achievements of Marie Curie, who won two Nobel Prizes—one in Physics (1903) and another in Chemistry (1911)—for her discoveries of radium and polonium. She was the first woman and the only person to receive Nobel Prizes in two fields, leaving a lasting legacy evidenced by the unit of radioactivity named "curie" (Ci). Additional resources, including videos and articles, are available to further explore her contributions.


