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active listening
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listening with the intent of understanding and discerning
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adaptive questioning
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a form of open-ended questioning that helps to encourage a patient to fully communicate without interrupting the flow of their narrative
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affective learning domain
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our attitudes, values, and emotions toward learning and how they develop
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Bloom’s Taxonomy
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a framework that helps the nurse to identify the key learning goals they want to achieve during each patient interaction
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cognitive learning domain
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the understanding and development of information through application, moving up the taxonomy from basic recall to complex evaluation and creation
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competitive listening
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behavior that happens when we focus on sharing our own point of view instead of listening to someone else
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cultural awareness
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the recognition of the characteristics of one’s own culture and other people’s, and of the differences between them
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health literacy
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an individual's ability to obtain, understand, and apply basic health information and services to make informed decisions about their health
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introductory phase
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nurses introduce themselves and begin to obtain essential information about patients as individuals with unique needs, values, beliefs, and priorities; during this phase, trust is established and rapport begins to develop between the patient and the nurse
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maintenance phase
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majority of the nurse’s time with the patient; during this phase, nurses use active listening and begin by asking the reason the patient is seeking care; the answer helps to reveal what is important to the patient
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message
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the thought or content that someone wishes to convey
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nontherapeutic communication
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communication patterns or techniques that have negative effects on the development of a therapeutic relationship
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nonverbal communication
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conveying a message without the use of words
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open-ended questioning
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an interviewing technique that requires the interviewer to ask questions that prompt detailed answers from the interviewee
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passive listening
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behavior that happens when we are not interested in listening to a speaker and we assume the speaker’s message without verifying that we understand what the speaker is communicating
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preparatory phase
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happens before the face-to-face meeting with the patient
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psychomotor domain
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acquiring physical skills and motor abilities
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teach-back method
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to have the patient re-state to the educator, in the patient’s own words, the original message
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termination phase
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the final phase of a nurse-patient relationship; typically occurs at the end of a shift or upon discharge from care
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therapeutic communication
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the specific techniques and strategies used by nurses to establish a therapeutic relationship with patients and promote the patient’s well-being
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transparency
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being open and honest with the patient about their health conditions, treatment options, and potential outcomes
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trauma-informed care
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care that considers the impact of trauma on an individual's physical, emotional, and mental well-being
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validate
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reassure a patient that their emotions are natural and reasonable and their problems are understood and will be fully addressed
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verbal communication
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the use of words to deliver a message