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13.8: Key Terms

Last updated

Feb 13, 2025
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- 13.7: Summary
- 13.9: Assessments

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alopecia: abnormal hair loss

arthrocentesis: joint aspiration

arthroplasty: joint replacement

autoantibody: antibody that attacks its own body cells

autoimmune disorder: condition in which the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells

bone spur: bony projection that develops along bone edges

bursitis: inflammation of the bursa

compartment syndrome: condition caused by increased pressure within an area of tissue and resulting in muscle and nerve damage

contusion: bruising

dystrophin: protein involved in maintaining muscle strength and function

external fixation: internal placement of screws on either side of a fracture by drilling pins into the bone and then connecting them to an external brace or bracket

fasciotomy: incision into the skin and fascia to relieve pressure

fracture: break in bone structure

internal fixation: placement of metal pieces into the bone to help it heal as it grows back together

kyphosis: excessive curvature of the upper spine

lymphadenopathy: swelling of the lymph nodes

mobility: ability of a patient to change and control their body position

muscular dystrophy (MD): rare genetic disorder that causes progressive muscle weakness over time

nephritis: inflammation of the nephrons of the kidneys

osteoarthritis (OA): degenerative joint disease disorder that involves the wearing down of joint cartilage and tissue over time

osteoclast: cell that breaks down bones

osteopenia: decrease in bone mineral density

osteoporosis bone: disease caused by a significant decrease in bone density and mass

pericarditis: inflammation of the pericardial sac around the heart

pleuritis: inflammation of the pleural tissue around the lungs

Raynaud’s syndrome: condition that occurs when the fingers become pale when exposed to cold or stress states

resorption: breakdown and reabsorption over time of small amounts of minerals from the bone

rheumatoid arthritis (RA): autoimmune disorder that causes inflammation of the synovial joints in the body

scoliosis: abnormally curved spine

splenomegaly: enlargement of the spleen

systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): autoimmune disorder that results in widespread inflammation and tissue damage

tendinitis: inflammation of a tendon from overuse

vasculitis: inflammation of the blood vessels

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