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29.5: Key Terms

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    acquired immunity
    (also: adaptive or specific immunity) immunity that develops after birth
    apoptosis
    normal, controlled process of cell death
    autoimmunity
    disordered state in which the immune system mistakenly targets and attacks the body’s own healthy tissues, organs, and cells
    cilium
    (plural: cilia) hairlike structure that removes invaders from the respiratory tract
    genetic engineering
    emerging field that uses recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) technology to enable the replacement of defective or missing genes
    immunity
    body’s specific, protective response to a foreign agent or organism
    immunocompetent
    state of having an efficient immune system that is able to carry out functions properly
    immunocompromised
    state of not having a properly working immune system
    immunodeficiency
    result of the malfunctioning of an underactive or weakened immune system
    immunosenescence
    gradual deterioration of the immune system due to natural aging processes
    interferon
    protein that signals the substances involved in defense against viruses
    interleukin
    protein that serves as the messenger substance of the immune system
    multipotent
    stem cells that can become the cell type they came from
    natural immunity
    (also: innate or nonspecific immunity) immunity that is present at birth
    natural killer cell
    white blood cell in the innate immune system
    neoplasm
    tumor that may be benign or malignant
    phagocytosis
    engulfing and destroying of foreign bodies by monocytes
    pluripotent
    description of stem cells that can become any other kind of cell
    primary immunodeficiency
    immunodeficiency that is genetic and typically hereditary and present at birth
    psychoneuroimmunology
    study of how the immune system and central nervous system interact
    secondary immunodeficiency
    immunodeficiency that generally develops later in life, caused by another disorder or the use of various medications
    stem cell
    cell in the earliest stage of development, before it has become specialized

    This page titled 29.5: Key Terms was last modified on Thu, 13 Feb 2025 17:31:04 GMT and is shared under a CC BY 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by OpenStax.

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