38: Ophthalmic Drugs
- Page ID
- 90352
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)- 38.0: Introduction
- This page highlights the eye's significance as a sensory organ linked to systemic health, emphasizing the understanding of its structures and functions for effective ocular drug therapy. It covers various ocular disorders, including refractive issues, infections, inflammation, and glaucoma treatment. The page stresses the importance of pharmacological options for eye health and overall wellness.
- 38.1: Introduction to the Eyes
- This page covers the anatomy and function of the human eye, emphasizing the structures that contribute to vision, the significance of intraocular pressure in glaucoma, and refractive errors. It discusses glaucoma screening and various types, alongside macular degeneration impacts and treatments. Additionally, it describes ocular inflammation and infection conditions with their management.
- 38.2: Ocular Anti-inflammatories and Anti-infectives
- This page provides comprehensive information on ocular medications, focusing on anti-inflammatory, anti-infective, and immunosuppressive drugs used in treating eye disorders. It covers key drugs such as NSAIDs, corticosteroids, antibacterials, antivirals, and antifungals, detailing their indications, dosages, adverse effects, and nursing implications.
- 38.3: Ocular Anesthetics and Lubricants
- This page covers ocular anesthetics and lubricants, highlighting their uses, characteristics, and adverse reactions. Key anesthetics like proparacaine and tetracaine are mentioned, along with potential side effects such as corneal toxicity. It also details the adverse effects of ocular lubricants like white petrolatum/mineral oil, which can cause burning and blurred vision.
- 38.4: Antiglaucoma Drugs
- This page provides an overview of medications for managing intraocular pressure (IOP) in glaucoma, focusing on various drug classes including beta-adrenergic blockers, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, prostaglandin analogues, rho kinase inhibitors, and alpha-2 adrenergic agonists. It discusses specific drugs like Timolol and Brimonidine, detailing their mechanisms, dosages, side effects, and nursing considerations.
- 38.5: Chapter Summary
- This page discusses ophthalmic medications for ocular conditions, categorizing them by their mechanisms of action and highlighting the critical need for aseptic techniques in administration.
- 38.6: Key Terms
- This page presents an overview of eye-related terminology and conditions, covering concepts like accommodation, aqueous humor, and refractive errors such as myopia and hyperopia. It addresses conditions including glaucoma, cataracts, and macular degeneration, alongside symptoms like photophobia. Surgical treatments for glaucoma, such as canaloplasty and trabeculectomy, are discussed, as well as the functions of both external and internal ocular structures.
- 38.7: Review Questions
- This page provides exercises focused on nursing education concerning ocular medications. It discusses the administration of trifluridine and erythromycin, the indicators for glaucoma suspects, and complications of untreated conjunctivitis. Additionally, it covers prostaglandin analogues, the effects and side effects of medications like timolol and prednisolone, and highlights the importance of recognizing symptoms needing urgent care and the systemic effects of nonselective beta blockers.