4.5.3: FRAME 3- Prioritize Hypothesis

Khloe was developmentally ready for school. Her parents, grandmother, and the preschool curriculum helped Khloe to develop independence by giving her simple tasks to complete at home and preschool, they developed routines, so Khloe would know what to anticipate, especially in the morning when getting ready for school. The morning schedule allowed time for breakfast, getting herself dressed, and ensuring she had her backpack ready for school. Khloe's parents read to her every evening and enjoyed reading the books Khloe brought home from the school library.

Analyze Cues

QUESTION: Multiple Response Select N

Scoring Rule: 0/1

Select three responses below that would be health promotion activities for Khloe.

 Promote access to and participation in school breakfast and lunch

 Offer physical education to increase students’ knowledge, skills, and confidence to be physically active

 Promote better sleep patterns

 Support social and emotional learning

 Vision screening

 Hearing screening

Putting It All Together

DEBRIEF

Health promotion is multifaceted and includes upstream factors. The set of factors that impact health beyond individual-level characteristics are often referred to as “upstream factors” and are also referred to as SDOH. Upstream factors are looking at factors that contribute to health disparities in the first place. SDOH are the conditions in the places where people live, learn, work, worship, go to school, and play that can affect a wide range of health risks and outcomes. Some examples of upstream factors include access to healthy foods, access to quality health care, reliable transportation, stable housing, economic stability, and access to quality education. Societal or macro-level influences, including structural racism, discrimination, and certain policies, can result in inequities observed in these determinants (National Institute of Health, 2020).

It is important that children get timely developmental screenings and recommended healthcare services, which is key to finding health problems early when they are usually easier to treat. Positive health behaviors can help prevent diseases and injuries in children. However, there are important racial/ethnic and income disparities in these healthy behaviors and related health outcomes (Healthy People 2030). Safe, stable, and supportive relationships are critical for children’s health, development, and well-being. Family-level interventions can help keep children safe and healthy. Strategies focused on children’s health and safety in early childhood education programs, at school, and in their neighborhoods can also help improve health outcomes for children (Healthy People 2030).

RECOGNIZING SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH (SDOH)

The goal for the SDOH domain, Social and Community Context, is to increase social and community support. Three of the goals for the domain, Social and Community Context is to increase the proportion of children whose family read to them at least four days per week (EMC-02); increase the proportion of children and adolescents who show resilience to challenges and stress (EMC-D07) and increase the proportion of children who communicate positively with their parents (EMC-01). Khloe’s parents read the book Bee’s First School Bus Ride to decrease Khloe’s fear about riding the bus. Khloe’s bedtime routine includes reading books and reinforcing different literary sources from the library. Khloe’s grandmother meets Khloe at the bus stop, and they talk about her day. This interaction fosters positive communication patterns. Positive communication between parents and children includes discussing beliefs, experiences, and feelings. This type of communication is key to healthy relationships, and it can protect children from health risks and help them do better in school. Behavioral parenting and family interventions can increase positive communication between parents and children, including children with behavior disorders (Healthy People, 2030).

What Do You Think About?

1. List three additional health promotion/illness prevention activities that can be encouraged at home.
2. Identify the benefits of children following the 2023 CDC immunization recommendations.
3. List three strategies that foster positive communication patterns between children and their parents.