5.5.6: FRAME 6- Evaluate Outcomes
- Page ID
- 90271
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CORRECT Answer
Question Type: Multiple Response Select All That Apply
Scoring: +/-
NCSBN Item Type and Scoring: https://www.ncsbn.org/public-files/p...main_stage.pdf
In addition to preventive care such as flu shots, vision and hearing screening, the role of the school nurse includes
\(\bigotimes \) Acute and emergency care
\(\bigotimes \) Managing chronic health conditions
\(\bigcirc \) Providing service in lunchroom
\(\bigcirc \) Assist with disciplinary actions for students
\(\bigotimes \) Care coordination
\(\bigotimes \) Family engagement
\(\bigcirc \) Health Screening
RATIONALE
Acute and emergency care: Injury or illness emergencies can happen at any time including during the school day. Often the school nurse may be the only health professional in the building who is formally trained to respond to a medical crisis. School nurses are also prepared to assist in larger emergency events or disasters that affect multiple students and staff, such as weather-related events, environmental exposures, or violent crimes. In addition, school nurses are also prepared to assist in larger emergency events or disasters that affect multiple students and staff, such as weatherrelated events, infectious disease outbreaks, environmental exposures, or violent crimes (CDC 2022c).
Managing chronic health conditions: Children and adolescents in the United States spend many hours in school; therefore, those students who have chronic health conditions might have daily challenges with managing their condition. Examples of chronic health conditions are asthma, diabetes, food allergies, poor oral health, and epilepsy or other seizure disorders. Research shows that some students with chronic health conditions may miss school more often than others. Eventually this may have an impact on academic performance. Schools can help students with chronic health conditions by providing services through a school nurse or at a school-based health center. School health services staff can help students stay at school, safely and ready to learn. In addition, federal and state regulations require schools to provide services and accommodations for students with chronic health conditions (CDC 2022c).
Care coordination: Care coordination in schools involves school nurses organizing the care of students by sharing information and maintaining communication among those concerned with the needs and care of students with chronic health conditions. An integrated approach may include families, health care providers, teachers, and administration. Care coordination can provide students with chronic health conditions with the improve medical management, provide more detailed follow-up and linkages to other services, and provide additional resources such as eligibility and enrollment assistance for health insurance. Some students may have an Individualized Education Plan or an Individualized Health Plan that helps them to learn in an environment that can support their needs. The school nurse plays an important role in establishing these plans (CDC, 2022a).
Family engagement: School health services can engage families of all students so that they are aware of services available at school and how they can benefit their children. In schools where services are minimal or lacking, families can voice their support for increased nursing and health services. Involving families in school health activities can be an important strategy to support students with chronic health conditions because they can encourage schools to provide a healthy environment and health services. These relationships can promote ongoing communication between the school, the family, and health care providers to follow the health care plan for that student. There are several benefits to family engagement in school health services, including health status updates, timely distribution of medication, testing during the school day as needed (e.g., blood sugar levels for diabetic students), and dietary and physical activity considerations (CDC, 2022a).
Health screening: Health screening in schools helps to identify health conditions at an early stage, allowing for interventions that address the symptoms and improve quality of life. Screening for children at risk for social/emotional, Language, cognitive, gross and fine motor movement, sensory perception, and mental health concerns allows for earlier intervention and promotes a student's health, development, and learning.
The school nurse does not typically provide service in the lunchroom or assist with disciplinary actions for students.
FOCUSED GUIDE
Health Care Access and Quality is an important part of school nurse’s referral network. By connecting students to health insurance and community resources, the parents, school staff, and community can work together to help meet the healthcare needs of students, with chronic health conditions and those for whom the nurse’s assessment in the school requires further evaluation (CDC, 2021a).
Healthy People 2030 addresses the importance of increasing core clinical prevention and population health education in nursing schools, nurse practitioner and physician assistant programs, and medical, dental, and pharmacy schools.
The American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) established a cooperative agreement titled Academic Partnerships to Improve Health (APIH), with the CDC. APIH focuses on improving the health of individuals and communities through alliances among academic associations and the CDC. The APIH drives the improvement of health outcomes by:
- Working within the educational systems for nursing, public health, and medical students to enhance teaching of population health concepts
- Aligning academic approaches (curricula, teaching materials, or methods) and field experiences with ground-level public health priorities and practice needs
- Fostering inter-professional collaboration and learning in health professional education
- Strengthening academia’s linkages to public health practice
- Providing opportunities for hands-on experience for students working with communities and public health partners (AACN, 2023)
Recognition of the importance of population health is essential to decrease health disparities and improve the health of our nation.