10.5A: Niacin Functions

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Approximately 200 enzymes require NAD or NADP⁺. We will go through some selected functions of NAD and NADP⁺. The following figures and legends show and describe the functions of NAD and NADP⁺.

Figure 10.511.png

Figure 10.511 NAD is required for glycolysis¹

Figure 10.512.png

Figure 10.512 NAD is required for the transition reaction and at three different points in the citric acid cycle²

Figure 10.513.png

Figure 10.513 NAD is required for fatty acid oxidation

Figure 10.514.png

Figure 10.514 Alcohol oxidation; NAD is required by alcohol dehydrogenase, and the MEOS uses NADPH^3,4

Figure 10.515.png

Figure 10.515 Fatty acid synthesis uses NADPH⁵

HMG-CoA reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis, uses NADPH. NADPH is also used by the antioxidant enzyme glutathione reductase as shown in the link below⁶.

Web Link

The Glutathione Oxidation Reduction (Redox) Cycle

References & Links

en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/File:CellRespiration.svg
en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ci...conitate_2.svg
en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Et..._structure.png
en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetal...de-2D-flat.svg
en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrion
Gropper SS, Smith JL, Groff JL. (2008) Advanced nutrition and human metabolism. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing.

Links

The Glutathione Oxidation Reduction (Redox) Cycle - http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/infocente...enium/gsh.html