8: Nervous System
- Page ID
- 124849
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)- 8.1: Introduction to the Nervous System
- This page details the learning objectives for a lab report on the anatomy of the nervous system, highlighting the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). It focuses on identifying key structures such as neurons, brain regions, cranial nerves, and the spinal cord. The introduction explains the functions of the CNS in processing sensory information and the role of the PNS in detecting and relaying signals to the CNS and executing responses.
- 8.2: Neuron Anatomy
- This page discusses the structure and function of neurons, specialized cells that transmit electrical signals. Neurons consist of a cell body, dendrites, and an axon, with the cell body containing the nucleus. In the central nervous system (CNS), neuron cell bodies are called nuclei, while in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), they are referred to as ganglia.
- 8.3: Brain Anatomy - Cerebrum and Cerebellum
- This page covers the brain's protection by the skull and meninges, its structure including the cerebrum divided into lobes, and the cerebellum’s role in movement coordination. It highlights key anatomical features such as gyri, sulci, and fissures essential for identifying brain anatomy.
- 8.4: Brain Anatomy - Diencephalon and Brain Stem
- This page covers key brain structures: the diencephalon, which includes the thalamus, epithalamus, and hypothalamus; the brain stem, consisting of the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata, responsible for regulating physiological functions; and the corpus callosum, which enables communication between cerebral hemispheres.
- 8.5: Cranial Nerves
- This page discusses the twelve pairs of cranial nerves in the peripheral nervous system, categorized as sensory, motor, or mixed nerves. Each nerve is assigned a Roman numeral (I-XII). Key examples include sensory nerves like the olfactory (CN I) and optic (CN II), motor nerves such as the oculomotor (CN III) and hypoglossal (CN XII), and mixed nerves including the trigeminal (CN V), facial (CN VII), glossopharyngeal (CN IX), and vagus nerves (CN X).
- 8.6: Spinal Cord Anatomy
- This page discusses the spinal cord as a vital component of the central nervous system, emphasizing its protective structures, length, and termination at the L1-L2 level. It details its role in transmitting sensory information to the brain and motor commands to the body while also functioning as a reflex center.
- 8.7: Microscope Slides - Brain and Spinal Cord
- This page details procedures for observing neurons and spinal cord tissue using different microscopes. It instructs focusing on key neuron structures at 400x magnification and utilizing dissecting microscopes for spinal cord slides to identify and label anatomical features like the central canal and horns. Visual aids and the importance of proper labeling for assessment are also highlighted.
- 8.8: Sheep Brain Dissection
- This page offers comprehensive guidance for conducting a sheep brain dissection, highlighting safety with PPE. It lists required materials, details the procedure for labeling 30 brain structures on various surfaces, and emphasizes the significance of proper disposal and sanitation of tools.
- 8.9: Questions and Review - Nervous System
- This page provides a comprehensive overview of the nervous system, featuring exercises on cell types and structures in the CNS and PNS. It includes definitions for key terms such as oligodendrocytes and neurotransmitters, along with drawing and labeling activities for motor neurons, brain structures, cranial nerves, and spinal cord components, all aimed at reinforcing anatomical and functional knowledge.