2: Organizations of Public Health
- Page ID
- 116094
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)- 2.1: Learning Outcomes
- This page explores social determinants of health and their effect on health disparities. It includes videos and articles that illustrate how social conditions influence health outcomes and discusses health inequities and embodiment mechanisms. Students will examine the relationship between social determinants and health behaviors, as well as community efforts and public policies to reduce inequities.
- 2.2: How Public Health Is Organized
- This page outlines the four levels of public health in the U.S.: international (led by WHO), federal (coordinated by DHHS, with agencies like the CDC), state, and local levels. The CDC plays a critical role but encountered challenges during COVID-19. State health agencies differ in structure and responsibilities, impacting their health services and prevention focus, illustrated by the contrasting roles of the San Francisco and Alameda County health departments.
- 2.9: Challenges within the Public Health System
- This page outlines the challenges in the US public health system during the COVID-19 and mpox pandemics. It highlights achievements and failures, noting coordination and communication issues during COVID and inequitable vaccine distribution for mpox. Structural problems within the CDC, including underfunding and staff shortages, complicate health crisis responses. The importance of addressing health inequities is also emphasized.
- 2.10: Example of Public Health Organizations Working Together
- This page discusses the WSCC Model, a collaborative effort by public and private health organizations to improve community health, especially for children. It uses the Ecological Model to address health at individual, relationship, community, and societal levels. The model aims to empower students and promote healthier behaviors while enhancing school environments. By unifying various agencies, it seeks to establish a comprehensive support system for children's health and wellbeing.
- 2.12: Core functions of state and local public health agencies and the 10 essential services
- This page details public health's focus on prevention, populations, and social justice through three core functions: Assessment (monitoring community health), Policy Development (solving health issues and informing communities), and Assurance (enforcing health laws and ensuring accessible care). Local and state health departments are vital in executing these functions and delivering essential services to improve public health.
- 2.13: Public Health Involves Making Public Policy for the Public Good
- This page discusses the challenges of improving public health through individual behaviors like diet and exercise, suggesting that targeting environmental changes and policies is more effective. It emphasizes public health as a "public good" that benefits all, requiring collective action. The page also notes potential conflicts between individual rights and community health, indicating the necessity for a balanced approach in health policy creation.